{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2799741228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10050721","title":"Using a Virtual Lidar Approach to Assess the Accuracy of the Volumetric Reconstruction of a Wind Turbine Wake","display_name":"Using a Virtual Lidar Approach to Assess the Accuracy of the Volumetric Reconstruction of a Wind Turbine Wake","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2799741228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10050721","mag":"2799741228"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10050721","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10050721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10050721","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030368638","display_name":"Fernando Carbajo Fuertes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3277-8058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Carbajo Fuertes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wind Engineering and Renewable Energy Laboratory (WiRE)-\u00c9cole Polytechnique Fed\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wind Engineering and Renewable Energy Laboratory (WiRE)-\u00c9cole Polytechnique Fed\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089732960","display_name":"Fernando Port\u00e9\u2010Agel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-3350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Port\u00e9-Agel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wind Engineering and Renewable Energy Laboratory (WiRE)-\u00c9cole Polytechnique Fed\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wind Engineering and Renewable Energy Laboratory (WiRE)-\u00c9cole Polytechnique Fed\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089732960"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.5487,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92112693,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"5","first_page":"721","last_page":"721"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10680","display_name":"Wind Energy Research and Development","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10680","display_name":"Wind Energy Research and Development","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11371","display_name":"Wind and Air Flow Studies","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10944","display_name":"Turbomachinery Performance and Optimization","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.8225739002227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wake","display_name":"Wake","score":0.6755375862121582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5045889616012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-deviation","display_name":"Standard deviation","score":0.5027248859405518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"Wind speed","score":0.5016067028045654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.48265010118484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-effect","display_name":"Doppler effect","score":0.46125659346580505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4079703688621521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.37409085035324097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3735892176628113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.34664714336395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.33363571763038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.3254474997520447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1731065809726715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.11109468340873718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11108261346817017}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.8225739002227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48939323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294879","display_name":"Wake","level":2,"score":0.6755375862121582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5045889616012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.5027248859405518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.5016067028045654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.48265010118484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.46125659346580505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4079703688621521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.37409085035324097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3735892176628113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.34664714336395264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.33363571763038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.3254474997520447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1731065809726715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.11109468340873718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11108261346817017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10050721","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10050721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:719b526863d045d28fe620ca7000b941","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/719b526863d045d28fe620ca7000b941","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 5, p 721 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:255217","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/255217","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"research article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/10/5/721/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10050721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 10; Issue 5; Pages: 721","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10050721","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10050721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W372624833","https://openalex.org/W1819499112","https://openalex.org/W1919959792","https://openalex.org/W1931511542","https://openalex.org/W1967122229","https://openalex.org/W1970536223","https://openalex.org/W1983741247","https://openalex.org/W1984050823","https://openalex.org/W1986377643","https://openalex.org/W1996469201","https://openalex.org/W2001035594","https://openalex.org/W2003977652","https://openalex.org/W2007686844","https://openalex.org/W2027966390","https://openalex.org/W2061499594","https://openalex.org/W2063181414","https://openalex.org/W2064325209","https://openalex.org/W2071562292","https://openalex.org/W2082304005","https://openalex.org/W2087957467","https://openalex.org/W2092521395","https://openalex.org/W2096674611","https://openalex.org/W2112576193","https://openalex.org/W2122388304","https://openalex.org/W2125021532","https://openalex.org/W2137139260","https://openalex.org/W2137709265","https://openalex.org/W2141522218","https://openalex.org/W2144207130","https://openalex.org/W2151092891","https://openalex.org/W2155772953","https://openalex.org/W2156061745","https://openalex.org/W2162743401","https://openalex.org/W2167902309","https://openalex.org/W2167913975","https://openalex.org/W2313147051","https://openalex.org/W2394956122","https://openalex.org/W2524360371","https://openalex.org/W2529015150","https://openalex.org/W2553362536","https://openalex.org/W2580649535","https://openalex.org/W2587515505","https://openalex.org/W2596524436","https://openalex.org/W2607331868","https://openalex.org/W2622215529","https://openalex.org/W3122561294","https://openalex.org/W6736456455"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384112194","https://openalex.org/W2783354812","https://openalex.org/W2103009189","https://openalex.org/W4312958259","https://openalex.org/W2349383066","https://openalex.org/W1969901537","https://openalex.org/W4328132048","https://openalex.org/W2594043982","https://openalex.org/W3036493597","https://openalex.org/W4362498784"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Scanning":[0],"Doppler":[1,44],"lidars":[2,39],"are":[3,40,146,218,252],"the":[4,19,29,32,43,60,95,100,120,125,128,132,138,144,149,152,168,172,186,192,207,215,224,232,249,263,273,280],"best":[5,208],"tools":[6],"for":[7,262,279,286],"acquiring":[8],"3D":[9],"velocity":[10,62,134,217,226],"fields":[11],"of":[12,25,28,34,59,90,102,124,131,151,171,199,223,234,272],"full":[13],"scale":[14],"wind":[15,61],"turbine":[16],"wakes,":[17],"whether":[18],"objective":[20],"is":[21],"a":[22,46,85,103,268],"better":[23],"understanding":[24],"some":[26,57],"features":[27],"wake":[30,35,121],"or":[31],"validation":[33],"models.":[36],"Since":[37],"these":[38],"based":[41],"on":[42,52,78,114],"effect,":[45],"single":[47],"scanning":[48],"lidar":[49,105,153],"normally":[50],"relies":[51],"certain":[53],"assumptions":[54],"when":[55,213,247],"estimating":[56],"components":[58],"vector.":[63],"Furthermore,":[64],"in":[65,94,122,143,165,254,258],"order":[66],"to":[67,73,84,180,205,267],"reconstruct":[68],"volumetric":[69],"information,":[70],"one":[71,179],"needs":[72],"aggregate":[74],"data,":[75,118],"perform":[76],"statistics":[77],"it":[79],"and,":[80],"most":[81],"likely,":[82],"interpolate":[83],"convenient":[86],"coordinate":[87],"system,":[88],"all":[89],"which":[91,164,230],"introduce":[92],"uncertainty":[93],"measurements.":[96,173],"This":[97,276],"study":[98,145],"simulates":[99],"performance":[101],"virtual":[104],"performing":[106],"stacked":[107],"step-and-stare":[108],"plan":[109],"position":[110],"indicator":[111],"(PPI)":[112],"scans":[113],"large-eddy":[115],"simulation":[116],"(LES)":[117],"reconstructs":[119],"terms":[123,260],"average":[126,216],"and":[127,136,155,160,190,285,289],"standard":[129,250,274],"deviation":[130,251],"longitudinal":[133],"component,":[135],"quantifies":[137],"errors.":[139],"The":[140,210,244],"variables":[141],"included":[142],"as":[147],"follows:":[148],"location":[150],"(ground-based":[154],"nacelle-mounted),":[156],"different":[157,175,187,281],"atmospheric":[158],"conditions,":[159],"varying":[161],"scan":[162],"speeds,":[163],"turn":[166],"determine":[167],"angular":[169,176,197,242],"resolution":[170,198],"Testing":[174],"resolutions":[177],"allows":[178],"find":[181],"an":[182,240],"optimum":[183,196],"that":[184],"balances":[185],"error":[188],"sources":[189],"minimizes":[191],"total":[193],"error.":[194],"An":[195],"3":[200],"\u2218":[201],"has":[202],"been":[203],"found":[204,212],"provide":[206],"results.":[209],"errors":[211,245],"reconstructing":[214],"low":[219],"(less":[220],"than":[221,261],"2%":[222],"freestream":[225],"at":[227],"hub":[228],"height),":[229],"indicates":[231],"possibility":[233],"high":[235],"quality":[236,270],"field":[237],"measurements":[238],"with":[239],"optimal":[241],"resolution.":[243],"made":[246],"calculating":[248],"similar":[253],"magnitude,":[255],"although":[256],"higher":[257],"relative":[259],"mean,":[264],"thus":[265],"leading":[266],"poorer":[269],"estimation":[271],"deviation.":[275],"holds":[277],"true":[278],"inflow":[282],"cases":[283],"studied":[284],"both":[287],"ground-based":[288],"nacelle-mounted":[290],"lidars.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2018-05-17T00:00:00"}
