{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2776784043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10010019","title":"An Approach to Improve the Positioning Performance of GPS/INS/UWB Integrated System with Two-Step Filter","display_name":"An Approach to Improve the Positioning Performance of GPS/INS/UWB Integrated System with Two-Step Filter","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2776784043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10010019","mag":"2776784043"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10010019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10010019","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/1/19/pdf?version=1514013520","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/1/19/pdf?version=1514013520","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080896563","display_name":"Zengke Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6590-3591"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zengke Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100339132","display_name":"Ren Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-4107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ren Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100742509","display_name":"Jingxiang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7141-8506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingxiang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090758955","display_name":"Jian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6695-1472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100339132"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":59.6304,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99605511,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"19","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12024","display_name":"Ultra-Wideband Communications Technology","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.8790558576583862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gps/ins","display_name":"GPS/INS","score":0.8461425304412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6710374355316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gps-signals","display_name":"GPS signals","score":0.6461811661720276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-navigation-system","display_name":"Inertial navigation system","score":0.6275988817214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gps-disciplined-oscillator","display_name":"GPS disciplined oscillator","score":0.5385442972183228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assisted-gps","display_name":"Assisted GPS","score":0.48191073536872864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-first-fix","display_name":"Time to first fix","score":0.46216604113578796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4548438787460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/navigation-system","display_name":"Navigation system","score":0.4534097909927368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-lightweight-gps-receiver","display_name":"Precision Lightweight GPS Receiver","score":0.4473259150981903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultra-wideband","display_name":"Ultra-wideband","score":0.4262455701828003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2077210545539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-frame-of-reference","display_name":"Inertial frame of reference","score":0.08690324425697327}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.8790558576583862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193183557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q195126","display_name":"GPS/INS","level":4,"score":0.8461425304412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6710374355316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12957241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15903792","display_name":"GPS signals","level":4,"score":0.6461811661720276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128651787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570607","display_name":"Inertial navigation system","level":3,"score":0.6275988817214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80624579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q867290","display_name":"GPS disciplined oscillator","level":5,"score":0.5385442972183228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198613851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432394","display_name":"Assisted GPS","level":3,"score":0.48191073536872864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193648706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7805485","display_name":"Time to first fix","level":5,"score":0.46216604113578796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4548438787460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777891301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3475123","display_name":"Navigation system","level":2,"score":0.4534097909927368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190234968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239523","display_name":"Precision Lightweight GPS Receiver","level":5,"score":0.4473259150981903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21916231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851424","display_name":"Ultra-wideband","level":2,"score":0.4262455701828003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2077210545539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173386949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192735","display_name":"Inertial frame of reference","level":2,"score":0.08690324425697327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987779331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1486497","display_name":"Gps receiver","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10010019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10010019","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/1/19/pdf?version=1514013520","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:df7ee7323691496f8836dbcf6e1a7020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/df7ee7323691496f8836dbcf6e1a7020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 1, p 19 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/10/1/19/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10010019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 10; Issue 1; Pages: 19","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10010019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10010019","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/1/19/pdf?version=1514013520","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3707317239","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFB0502102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6328806631","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20160247","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7698583915","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFB0502102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7790564676","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u60ef\u6027\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7684\u4e95\u4e0b\u4eba\u5458\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5173\u952e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41674030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7795442269","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFB0502102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G918030326","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41604006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320324","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321605","display_name":"Government of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/004svx814"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2776784043.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2776784043.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1655788066","https://openalex.org/W1973801924","https://openalex.org/W1996835738","https://openalex.org/W2020434314","https://openalex.org/W2030492481","https://openalex.org/W2062666362","https://openalex.org/W2064047843","https://openalex.org/W2067542554","https://openalex.org/W2075599103","https://openalex.org/W2079935542","https://openalex.org/W2082415608","https://openalex.org/W2104898933","https://openalex.org/W2114383454","https://openalex.org/W2137396739","https://openalex.org/W2148311197","https://openalex.org/W2163624649","https://openalex.org/W2181984017","https://openalex.org/W2182844323","https://openalex.org/W2258810912","https://openalex.org/W2472404671","https://openalex.org/W2493371410","https://openalex.org/W2529343989","https://openalex.org/W2587647538","https://openalex.org/W2734009141","https://openalex.org/W3108405912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2624160186","https://openalex.org/W2126904819","https://openalex.org/W659464456","https://openalex.org/W1987503182","https://openalex.org/W2367532838","https://openalex.org/W2097030575","https://openalex.org/W2366302590","https://openalex.org/W2393491537","https://openalex.org/W2387799306","https://openalex.org/W2298542432"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,83,149],"integration":[1],"of":[2,19,37,131,169],"Inertial":[3],"Navigation":[4],"System":[5,10],"(INS)":[6],"and":[7,35,91,118],"Global":[8],"Positioning":[9],"(GPS)":[11],"single-point-positioning":[12],"(SPP)":[13],"mode":[14],"cannot":[15],"meet":[16],"the":[17,33,74,78,87,92,99,116,124,129,141,153,166],"requirements":[18],"high-accuracy":[20],"navigation.":[21],"Range":[22],"observation":[23],"through":[24],"ultra-wideband":[25],"(UWB)":[26],"is":[27,47,51,70,96,121,147,162,176],"an":[28,61],"effective":[29],"means":[30],"to":[31,56,72,123,127,139,164],"enhance":[32],"reliability":[34],"accuracy":[36,76,168],"GPS/INS":[38,88,132],"integrated":[39,64,89,94,104,133,156,171],"navigation,":[40],"particularly":[41],"in":[42,77,106,115,135],"environments":[43],"where":[44],"GPS":[45],"availability":[46],"poor.":[48],"Because":[49],"it":[50],"difficult":[52],"for":[53,102],"UWB":[54,79,108,174],"signal":[55,80,109,175],"achieve":[57],"large-scale":[58],"intervention":[59],"coverage,":[60],"enhanced":[62,154],"GPS/INS/UWB":[63,93,103,155,170],"scheme":[65,157],"with":[66,158],"positioning":[67,159],"error":[68,100,130,160],"correction":[69,101,113,161],"proposed":[71,142],"improve":[73,165],"position":[75,84,167],"outage":[81],"scenario.":[82],"difference":[85],"between":[86],"solution":[90,95],"predicated":[97],"as":[98],"navigation":[105,134,172],"a":[107,144],"challenging":[110],"environment.":[111],"Position":[112],"information":[114],"north":[117],"east":[119],"directions":[120],"input":[122],"two-step":[125],"filter":[126],"decrease":[128],"single-point-positioning.":[136],"In":[137],"order":[138],"validate":[140],"method,":[143],"real":[145],"experiment":[146],"conducted.":[148],"results":[150],"indicate":[151],"that":[152],"able":[163],"when":[173],"unavailable.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
