{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3013061016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics9010019","title":"A Novel Design and Implementation of Autonomous Robotic Car Based on ROS in Indoor Scenario","display_name":"A Novel Design and Implementation of Autonomous Robotic Car Based on ROS in Indoor Scenario","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3013061016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics9010019","mag":"3013061016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/robotics9010019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics9010019","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-6581/9/1/19/pdf?version=1585226214","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232487","display_name":"Robotics","issn_l":"2218-6581","issn":["2218-6581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-6581/9/1/19/pdf?version=1585226214","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100689891","display_name":"Chunmei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8973-8217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunmei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018829587","display_name":"Chengmin Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8297-5949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24201400","display_name":"Chengdu University of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yxwrh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chengmin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cybersecurity, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China","School of Information engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8297-5949","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cybersecurity, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042906969","display_name":"Wen Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6273-323X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100325771","display_name":"Fei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7652-0473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24201400","display_name":"Chengdu University of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yxwrh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cybersecurity, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cybersecurity, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087637729","display_name":"Pengfei Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2760-0068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018829587"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670","https://openalex.org/I24201400"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.7693,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7017456,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"19","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.7629363536834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obstacle","display_name":"Obstacle","score":0.7253392338752747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obstacle-avoidance","display_name":"Obstacle avoidance","score":0.652549147605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5773196816444397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5476880669593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.5302752256393433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5058434009552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.503926694393158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.45909127593040466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.38383278250694275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.335824191570282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3259340226650238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.3214851915836334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.32089611887931824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26047617197036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17522114515304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10024511814117432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7629363536834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776650193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264661","display_name":"Obstacle","level":2,"score":0.7253392338752747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6683253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075535","display_name":"Obstacle avoidance","level":4,"score":0.652549147605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5773196816444397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5476880669593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.5302752256393433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5058434009552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.503926694393158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45909127593040466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.38383278250694275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.335824191570282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3259340226650238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3214851915836334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.32089611887931824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26047617197036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17522114515304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10024511814117432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/robotics9010019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics9010019","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-6581/9/1/19/pdf?version=1585226214","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232487","display_name":"Robotics","issn_l":"2218-6581","issn":["2218-6581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:eb096e4f979247fba67e74b565c8b5bc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/eb096e4f979247fba67e74b565c8b5bc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Robotics, Vol 9, Iss 1, p 19 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2218-6581/9/1/19/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics9010019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Robotics; Volume 9; Issue 1; Pages: 19","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/robotics9010019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics9010019","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-6581/9/1/19/pdf?version=1585226214","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232487","display_name":"Robotics","issn_l":"2218-6581","issn":["2218-6581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3148611468","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61906160","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5988711857","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3013061016.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3013061016.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507290626","https://openalex.org/W1860145823","https://openalex.org/W2017358384","https://openalex.org/W2055404495","https://openalex.org/W2107656445","https://openalex.org/W2117211893","https://openalex.org/W2144156622","https://openalex.org/W2205249385","https://openalex.org/W2242745570","https://openalex.org/W2292767598","https://openalex.org/W2461377873","https://openalex.org/W2510089447","https://openalex.org/W2515436602","https://openalex.org/W2516783738","https://openalex.org/W2548262140","https://openalex.org/W2575454692","https://openalex.org/W2773043396","https://openalex.org/W2774434529","https://openalex.org/W2774451424","https://openalex.org/W2783751931","https://openalex.org/W2790445717","https://openalex.org/W2793376213","https://openalex.org/W2963327228","https://openalex.org/W3106255814"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2930076404","https://openalex.org/W2917514722","https://openalex.org/W2071957557","https://openalex.org/W2596413128","https://openalex.org/W2356867392","https://openalex.org/W2782776446","https://openalex.org/W2155948905","https://openalex.org/W1971413691","https://openalex.org/W3043170174","https://openalex.org/W2906946336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pervasive":[0],"deployment":[1],"of":[2,72,87,115,126],"autonomous":[3,88],"vehicle":[4,17],"all":[5],"over":[6],"the":[7,14,37,43,46,52,70,111],"world":[8],"is":[9,54],"an":[10,21],"undisputed":[11],"trend":[12],"in":[13,24,97,120,152],"future.":[15],"Autonomous":[16],"will":[18],"inevitably":[19],"play":[20],"essential":[22],"role":[23],"decreasing":[25],"traffic":[26],"jams,":[27],"reducing":[28],"threats":[29],"from":[30,69],"driving":[31],"while":[32],"intoxicated":[33],"(DWI),":[34],"and":[35,63,113,134,138,142,148,156],"assisting":[36],"handicapped":[38],"to":[39,105],"get":[40],"around.":[41],"At":[42],"same":[44],"time,":[45],"new":[47],"energy":[48],"vehicles":[49],"(NEV)":[50],"especially":[51],"electromobile":[53],"gradually":[55],"adopted":[56],"by":[57],"several":[58],"governments":[59],"like":[60],"Germany,":[61],"USA":[62],"China":[64],"as":[65],"compulsive":[66],"transportation":[67],"tools":[68],"standpoint":[71],"environmental":[73],"friendliness.":[74],"Taking":[75],"these":[76],"two":[77],"crucial":[78],"trends":[79],"into":[80],"consideration,":[81],"this":[82,109],"article":[83],"proposes":[84],"a":[85],"scheme":[86],"robotic":[89,116],"car":[90,99,117],"based":[91],"on":[92],"robot":[93],"operation":[94],"system":[95],"(ROS)":[96],"electromobile-like":[98],"which":[100,122],"can":[101],"be":[102],"easily":[103],"transplanted":[104],"commercial":[106],"electromobile.":[107],"In":[108],"article,":[110],"design":[112],"implementation":[114],"are":[118,150],"demonstrated":[119],"detail":[121],"involves":[123],"overall":[124],"architecture":[125],"functional":[127],"modules,":[128],"hardware":[129,149],"design,":[130],"obstacle":[131],"avoidance,":[132],"localization":[133],"mapping,":[135],"land":[136],"detection":[137],"tracking,":[139],"velocity":[140],"control":[141],"indoor":[143],"navigation.":[144],"All":[145],"software":[146],"modules":[147],"integrated":[151],"NVIDIA":[153],"Jetson":[154],"TX1":[155],"TRAXXAS":[157],"car.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}