{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2773871650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics6040039","title":"A Review on Energy-Saving Optimization Methods for Robotic and Automatic Systems","display_name":"A Review on Energy-Saving Optimization Methods for Robotic and Automatic Systems","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2773871650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics6040039","mag":"2773871650"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/robotics6040039","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics6040039","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-6581/6/4/39/pdf?version=1512641128","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232487","display_name":"Robotics","issn_l":"2218-6581","issn":["2218-6581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-6581/6/4/39/pdf?version=1512641128","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043361575","display_name":"Giovanni Carabin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9226-5361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171543936","display_name":"Free University of Bozen-Bolzano","ror":"https://ror.org/012ajp527","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Carabin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9226-5361","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067331931","display_name":"Erich Wehrle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5760-4468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171543936","display_name":"Free University of Bozen-Bolzano","ror":"https://ror.org/012ajp527","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erich Wehrle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5760-4468","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055755579","display_name":"Renato Vidoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7429-0974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171543936","display_name":"Free University of Bozen-Bolzano","ror":"https://ror.org/012ajp527","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Renato Vidoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055755579"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":11.888,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":209,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98877884,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"4","first_page":"39","last_page":"39"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11814","display_name":"Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11814","display_name":"Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechatronics","display_name":"Mechatronics","score":0.743900716304779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.705208420753479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.7038546800613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-engineering","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","score":0.5285386443138123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-engineering","display_name":"Industrial engineering","score":0.49370846152305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.477573424577713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-technologies","display_name":"Emerging technologies","score":0.4767076373100281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4740802049636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.46354836225509644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.44854941964149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4362197518348694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42788901925086975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.4116849899291992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.40090328454971313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3836480677127838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.34907710552215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1975664496421814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.1290712058544159}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28704281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180165","display_name":"Mechatronics","level":2,"score":0.743900716304779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.705208420753479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.7038546800613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117671659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","level":1,"score":0.5285386443138123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.49370846152305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.477573424577713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207267971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208","display_name":"Emerging technologies","level":2,"score":0.4767076373100281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4740802049636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.46354836225509644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.44854941964149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4362197518348694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42788901925086975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.4116849899291992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.40090328454971313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3836480677127838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.34907710552215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1975664496421814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1290712058544159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/robotics6040039","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics6040039","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-6581/6/4/39/pdf?version=1512641128","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232487","display_name":"Robotics","issn_l":"2218-6581","issn":["2218-6581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2218-6581/6/4/39/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics6040039","pdf_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics6040039","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Robotics; Volume 6; Issue 4; Pages: 39","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.39UBZ_INST:11235277640001241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://bia.unibz.it/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/A-review-on-energy-saving-optimization-methods/991005773006201241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"Open Research (University of Surrey)","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6f5e9b19a29047848215cb0c8c30c356","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6f5e9b19a29047848215cb0c8c30c356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Robotics, Vol 6, Iss 4, p 39 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/robotics6040039","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics6040039","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-6581/6/4/39/pdf?version=1512641128","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232487","display_name":"Robotics","issn_l":"2218-6581","issn":["2218-6581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325400","display_name":"Libera Universit\u00e0 di Bolzano","ror":"https://ror.org/012ajp527"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2773871650.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2773871650.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":104,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76789308","https://openalex.org/W153299691","https://openalex.org/W1500044020","https://openalex.org/W1508184035","https://openalex.org/W1812879845","https://openalex.org/W1926428750","https://openalex.org/W1966932448","https://openalex.org/W1971317756","https://openalex.org/W1971539482","https://openalex.org/W1981266820","https://openalex.org/W1983621047","https://openalex.org/W1984000997","https://openalex.org/W1985053256","https://openalex.org/W1989408870","https://openalex.org/W1996092979","https://openalex.org/W1997310296","https://openalex.org/W2002728159","https://openalex.org/W2004201957","https://openalex.org/W2007390254","https://openalex.org/W2008808789","https://openalex.org/W2008817337","https://openalex.org/W2010661463","https://openalex.org/W2011911028","https://openalex.org/W2018011368","https://openalex.org/W2024865515","https://openalex.org/W2026645865","https://openalex.org/W2027044057","https://openalex.org/W2028966947","https://openalex.org/W2033006134","https://openalex.org/W2034150159","https://openalex.org/W2041504248","https://openalex.org/W2048793985","https://openalex.org/W2049041009","https://openalex.org/W2052738393","https://openalex.org/W2054276172","https://openalex.org/W2057956869","https://openalex.org/W2063011695","https://openalex.org/W2066202893","https://openalex.org/W2070661769","https://openalex.org/W2072528060","https://openalex.org/W2074261743","https://openalex.org/W2077138406","https://openalex.org/W2080247936","https://openalex.org/W2083878885","https://openalex.org/W2086544617","https://openalex.org/W2089060719","https://openalex.org/W2091833895","https://openalex.org/W2093317237","https://openalex.org/W2097124233","https://openalex.org/W2099982974","https://openalex.org/W2103198377","https://openalex.org/W2109232815","https://openalex.org/W2110926800","https://openalex.org/W2110975249","https://openalex.org/W2111414790","https://openalex.org/W2116746331","https://openalex.org/W2117167140","https://openalex.org/W2121967778","https://openalex.org/W2127801196","https://openalex.org/W2128800075","https://openalex.org/W2128823808","https://openalex.org/W2129768723","https://openalex.org/W2130378187","https://openalex.org/W2137272180","https://openalex.org/W2141522820","https://openalex.org/W2144582333","https://openalex.org/W2152246064","https://openalex.org/W2157299992","https://openalex.org/W2159380664","https://openalex.org/W2162189406","https://openalex.org/W2181337117","https://openalex.org/W2217152720","https://openalex.org/W2317298675","https://openalex.org/W2335228363","https://openalex.org/W2405331748","https://openalex.org/W2484945434","https://openalex.org/W2487826818","https://openalex.org/W2516011355","https://openalex.org/W2519987732","https://openalex.org/W2526019186","https://openalex.org/W2526758771","https://openalex.org/W2527608554","https://openalex.org/W2547602822","https://openalex.org/W2548330492","https://openalex.org/W2549752014","https://openalex.org/W2552866465","https://openalex.org/W2580331303","https://openalex.org/W2584746107","https://openalex.org/W2587437068","https://openalex.org/W2660721986","https://openalex.org/W2725260011","https://openalex.org/W2737958251","https://openalex.org/W2754685206","https://openalex.org/W2778277998","https://openalex.org/W6640289379","https://openalex.org/W6676434310","https://openalex.org/W6703017787","https://openalex.org/W6726106812","https://openalex.org/W6726578035","https://openalex.org/W6729650220","https://openalex.org/W6740251027","https://openalex.org/W6745057685","https://openalex.org/W6747047814","https://openalex.org/W7047141857"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W122469368","https://openalex.org/W2475425029","https://openalex.org/W2945074068","https://openalex.org/W4238798220","https://openalex.org/W3201918386","https://openalex.org/W2495868881","https://openalex.org/W2467617359","https://openalex.org/W4252287176","https://openalex.org/W2691078541","https://openalex.org/W2490659911"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,50,61,71,73,104,109,116,136,150],"last":[2],"decades,":[3],"increasing":[4],"energy":[5,22,32,76,101,117,151],"prices":[6],"and":[7,14,65,87,92,115,125,129,146,156,160,168,170,173],"growing":[8],"environmental":[9],"awareness":[10],"have":[11,41,132],"driven":[12],"engineers":[13],"scientists":[15],"to":[16,40],"find":[17],"new":[18],"solutions":[19],"for":[20,52,63,68,99,106,148],"reducing":[21,100],"consumption":[23,33,102],"in":[24,70,103],"manufacturing.":[25],"Although":[26],"many":[27,53],"processes":[28],"of":[29,45,75,89,119,138,142,153],"a":[30,81,96,140],"high":[31,43],"(e.g.,":[34],"chemical,":[35],"heating,":[36],"etc.)":[37],"are":[38,166,177],"considered":[39,80,167],"reached":[42],"levels":[44],"efficiency,":[46],"this":[47,59],"is":[48,60],"not":[49,79],"case":[51,62],"other":[54],"industrial":[55,90,154],"manufacturing":[56],"activities.":[57],"Indeed,":[58],"robotic":[64,155],"automatic":[66],"systems,":[67],"which,":[69],"past,":[72],"minimization":[74],"demand":[77],"was":[78],"design":[82,86],"objective.":[83],"The":[84],"proper":[85],"operation":[88],"robots":[91],"automation":[93],"systems":[94,114],"represent":[95],"great":[97],"opportunity":[98],"industry,":[105],"example,":[107],"by":[108],"substitution":[110],"with":[111,135],"more":[112],"efficient":[113],"optimization":[118],"operation.":[120],"This":[121],"review":[122],"paper":[123],"classifies":[124],"analyses":[126],"several":[127,164],"methodologies":[128],"technologies":[130,147],"that":[131],"been":[133],"developed":[134],"aim":[137],"providing":[139],"reference":[141],"existing":[143],"methods,":[144,162],"techniques":[145],"enhancing":[149],"performance":[152],"mechatronic":[157],"systems.":[158],"Hardware":[159],"software":[161],"including":[163],"subcategories,":[165],"compared,":[169],"emerging":[171],"ideas":[172],"possible":[174],"future":[175],"perspectives":[176],"discussed.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2017-12-22T00:00:00"}
