{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4303980748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics11050107","title":"Design and Scaling of Exoskeleton Power Units Considering Load Cycles of Humans","display_name":"Design and Scaling of Exoskeleton Power Units Considering Load Cycles of Humans","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4303980748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics11050107"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/robotics11050107","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics11050107","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-6581/11/5/107/pdf?version=1666672245","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232487","display_name":"Robotics","issn_l":"2218-6581","issn":["2218-6581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-6581/11/5/107/pdf?version=1666672245","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086554859","display_name":"Marcel Waldhof","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4545-0665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marcel Waldhof","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical Energy Conversion, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4545-0665","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical Energy Conversion, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020694827","display_name":"Isabell Wochner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2820-5791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isabell Wochner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2820-5791","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070123223","display_name":"Katrin Stollenmaier","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katrin Stollenmaier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051631084","display_name":"Nejila Parspour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0978-7447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nejila Parspour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical Energy Conversion, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0978-7447","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical Energy Conversion, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052810943","display_name":"Syn Schmitt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7768-8961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syn Schmitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7768-8961","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086554859"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1941},"fwci":0.0809,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36564747,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"5","first_page":"107","last_page":"107"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exoskeleton","display_name":"Exoskeleton","score":0.9332156777381897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.7337436676025391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.7248651385307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5990504622459412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5820475220680237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.5670710206031799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5566064715385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.4324001967906952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3783727288246155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27523303031921387}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146549078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191944","display_name":"Exoskeleton","level":2,"score":0.9332156777381897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.7337436676025391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.7248651385307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5990504622459412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5820475220680237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5670710206031799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5566064715385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4324001967906952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3783727288246155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27523303031921387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/robotics11050107","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics11050107","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-6581/11/5/107/pdf?version=1666672245","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232487","display_name":"Robotics","issn_l":"2218-6581","issn":["2218-6581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:666ea0c5564243ffa233d5bddc893225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/666ea0c5564243ffa233d5bddc893225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Robotics, Vol 11, Iss 5, p 107 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.uni-stuttgart.de:11682/14028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/handle/11682/14028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401556","display_name":"OPUS Publication Server of the University of Stuttgart (University of Stuttgart)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","host_organization_name":"University of Stuttgart","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2218-6581/11/5/107/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics11050107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Robotics; Volume 11; Issue 5; Pages: 107","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.18419/opus-14009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18419/opus-14009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052998","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek Stuttgart","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Collection"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/robotics11050107","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics11050107","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-6581/11/5/107/pdf?version=1666672245","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232487","display_name":"Robotics","issn_l":"2218-6581","issn":["2218-6581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6700000166893005}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2867204959","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2075-390740016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4038838385","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EXC 2075-390740016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4409460773","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Strategy-EXC 2075-390740016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7249683039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EXC 2075","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8784604414","display_name":"EXC 2075: Datenintegrierte Simulationswissenschaft (SimTech)","funder_award_id":"390740016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334747","display_name":"Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00f44np30"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4303980748.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4303980748.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512617999","https://openalex.org/W1531031456","https://openalex.org/W1533530005","https://openalex.org/W1633007112","https://openalex.org/W1885639605","https://openalex.org/W1970484573","https://openalex.org/W1980780059","https://openalex.org/W1995322222","https://openalex.org/W1996799060","https://openalex.org/W2039423479","https://openalex.org/W2073849744","https://openalex.org/W2074246426","https://openalex.org/W2088470610","https://openalex.org/W2088955412","https://openalex.org/W2096908712","https://openalex.org/W2102017824","https://openalex.org/W2132913881","https://openalex.org/W2133959212","https://openalex.org/W2149744701","https://openalex.org/W2162583443","https://openalex.org/W2164393372","https://openalex.org/W2171685500","https://openalex.org/W2503689257","https://openalex.org/W2510861560","https://openalex.org/W2570835373","https://openalex.org/W2608929730","https://openalex.org/W2768385521","https://openalex.org/W2893906814","https://openalex.org/W2897421795","https://openalex.org/W2918922468","https://openalex.org/W2919150406","https://openalex.org/W2921743197","https://openalex.org/W2943089487","https://openalex.org/W2964966224","https://openalex.org/W2965874656","https://openalex.org/W2971946876","https://openalex.org/W2988559953","https://openalex.org/W2990667544","https://openalex.org/W3012542762","https://openalex.org/W3019831674","https://openalex.org/W3044150758","https://openalex.org/W3093683106","https://openalex.org/W3106861968","https://openalex.org/W4211003818"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2901258812","https://openalex.org/W2887985348","https://openalex.org/W2401700601","https://openalex.org/W2570835373","https://openalex.org/W2557545276","https://openalex.org/W4387054232","https://openalex.org/W3198063775","https://openalex.org/W3205655234","https://openalex.org/W2909939948","https://openalex.org/W2906683640"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Exoskeletons":[0],"are":[1,20],"powerful":[2],"tools":[3],"for":[4,22,48,110,140,155],"aiding":[5],"humans":[6],"with":[7],"pathological":[8],"conditions,":[9],"in":[10,14],"dangerous":[11],"environments":[12],"or":[13],"manually":[15],"exhausting":[16],"tasks.":[17],"Typically,":[18],"they":[19],"designed":[21],"specific":[23],"maximum":[24],"scenarios":[25],"without":[26],"taking":[27],"into":[28],"account":[29],"the":[30,35,38,54,57,111,152],"diversity":[31],"of":[32,37,121,151],"tasks":[33],"and":[34,81,91,127,134,149,163],"individuality":[36],"user.":[39],"To":[40],"address":[41],"this":[42,122],"discrepancy,":[43],"a":[44,73,107,128,137,160,164],"framework":[45],"was":[46,70,132],"developed":[47],"personalizing":[49],"an":[50,141],"exoskeleton":[51],"by":[52],"scaling":[53,150],"components,":[55],"especially":[56],"electrical":[58,142],"machine,":[59],"based":[60,77],"on":[61,78],"different":[62,85,156],"simulated":[63],"human":[64],"muscle":[65],"forces.":[66],"The":[67,94],"main":[68,118],"idea":[69],"to":[71,83,98,105,159],"scale":[72],"numerical":[74],"arm":[75],"model":[76,139],"body":[79],"mass":[80],"height":[82],"predict":[84],"movements":[86,101],"representing":[87],"both":[88],"manual":[89],"labor":[90],"daily":[92],"activities.":[93],"predicted":[95],"torques":[96],"necessary":[97],"produce":[99],"these":[100,116],"were":[102,125],"then":[103],"used":[104],"generate":[106],"load/performance":[108],"cycle":[109,124],"power":[112,130,153],"unit":[113,131,154],"design.":[114,166],"Considering":[115],"torques,":[117],"operation":[119],"points":[120],"load":[123],"defined":[126],"reference":[129],"scaled":[133],"optimized.":[135],"Therefore,":[136],"scalability":[138],"machine":[143],"is":[144],"introduced.":[145],"This":[146],"individual":[147],"adaptation":[148],"users":[157],"leads":[158],"better":[161],"performance":[162],"lighter":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T08:55:40.977307","created_date":"2022-10-10T00:00:00"}
