{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4306398909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mti6100092","title":"Are the Instructions Clear? Evaluating the Visual Characteristics of Augmented Reality Content for Remote Guidance","display_name":"Are the Instructions Clear? Evaluating the Visual Characteristics of Augmented Reality Content for Remote Guidance","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4306398909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mti6100092"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/mti6100092","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mti6100092","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2414-4088/6/10/92/pdf?version=1665740054","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226272","display_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction","issn_l":"2414-4088","issn":["2414-4088"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2414-4088/6/10/92/pdf?version=1665740054","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007205051","display_name":"Bernardo Marques","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4454-710X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bernardo Marques","raw_affiliation_strings":["DigiMedia, DeCA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal","IEETA, DETI, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4454-710X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DigiMedia, DeCA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IEETA, DETI, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107171727","display_name":"Carlos Ferreira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-643X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Ferreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["IEETA, DEGEIT, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IEETA, DEGEIT, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100692577","display_name":"Samuel Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9858-8249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["IEETA, DETI, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9858-8249","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IEETA, DETI, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088626891","display_name":"Andreia Santos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4456-242X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreia Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["GeoBioTec, DGeo, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GeoBioTec, DGeo, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048144330","display_name":"Paulo Dias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3754-2749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Dias","raw_affiliation_strings":["IEETA, DETI, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3754-2749","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IEETA, DETI, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026656653","display_name":"Beatriz Sousa Santos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2219-2731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60858718","display_name":"University of Aveiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00nt41z93","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beatriz Sousa Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["IEETA, DETI, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IEETA, DETI, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007205051"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60858718"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.7104,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70815396,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"10","first_page":"92","last_page":"92"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7829293608665466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/augmented-reality","display_name":"Augmented reality","score":0.6886751651763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clarity","display_name":"CLARITY","score":0.6473687887191772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5999821424484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5663036108016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5220280289649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.43892282247543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.43340104818344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situation-awareness","display_name":"Situation awareness","score":0.4201306700706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4163699448108673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/storytelling","display_name":"Storytelling","score":0.41116052865982056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.41063234210014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative","display_name":"Narrative","score":0.12124872207641602}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7829293608665466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153715457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254183","display_name":"Augmented reality","level":2,"score":0.6886751651763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777146004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14949826","display_name":"CLARITY","level":2,"score":0.6473687887191772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5999821424484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5663036108016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5220280289649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.43892282247543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.43340104818344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.4201306700706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4163699448108673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776538412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989963","display_name":"Storytelling","level":3,"score":0.41116052865982056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.41063234210014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.12124872207641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/mti6100092","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mti6100092","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2414-4088/6/10/92/pdf?version=1665740054","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226272","display_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction","issn_l":"2414-4088","issn":["2414-4088"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:04d76efd84d447429baee4e7ff188b9e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/04d76efd84d447429baee4e7ff188b9e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, Vol 6, Iss 10, p 92 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2414-4088/6/10/92/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti6100092","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction; Volume 6; Issue 10; Pages: 92","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/mti6100092","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mti6100092","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2414-4088/6/10/92/pdf?version=1665740054","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226272","display_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction","issn_l":"2414-4088","issn":["2414-4088"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4306398909.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1923669312","https://openalex.org/W2057653050","https://openalex.org/W2061363285","https://openalex.org/W2077188144","https://openalex.org/W2078159176","https://openalex.org/W2099473180","https://openalex.org/W2116097744","https://openalex.org/W2116107155","https://openalex.org/W2116586604","https://openalex.org/W2130669922","https://openalex.org/W2138783492","https://openalex.org/W2155135975","https://openalex.org/W2524820080","https://openalex.org/W2735210942","https://openalex.org/W2735806116","https://openalex.org/W2742431581","https://openalex.org/W2755093987","https://openalex.org/W2755253778","https://openalex.org/W2787493518","https://openalex.org/W2800214149","https://openalex.org/W2810638738","https://openalex.org/W2811068961","https://openalex.org/W2892252543","https://openalex.org/W2894314083","https://openalex.org/W2902571304","https://openalex.org/W2905184779","https://openalex.org/W2911307037","https://openalex.org/W2911715508","https://openalex.org/W2921205582","https://openalex.org/W2921365283","https://openalex.org/W2944846084","https://openalex.org/W2967064710","https://openalex.org/W2984042658","https://openalex.org/W2986472799","https://openalex.org/W2992509920","https://openalex.org/W3005955359","https://openalex.org/W3014699476","https://openalex.org/W3037197243","https://openalex.org/W3042376086","https://openalex.org/W3054847179","https://openalex.org/W3081760347","https://openalex.org/W3082248397","https://openalex.org/W3096944698","https://openalex.org/W3152750288","https://openalex.org/W3158840678","https://openalex.org/W3163626101","https://openalex.org/W3191058056","https://openalex.org/W3195128867","https://openalex.org/W3207390243","https://openalex.org/W3216800902","https://openalex.org/W4206247887","https://openalex.org/W4224929161"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2086338133","https://openalex.org/W4367679314","https://openalex.org/W225526533","https://openalex.org/W2078361494","https://openalex.org/W2009234990","https://openalex.org/W4244083766","https://openalex.org/W2945718656","https://openalex.org/W2091016074","https://openalex.org/W2134615400","https://openalex.org/W2023583523"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Augmented":[0],"Reality":[1],"(AR)":[2],"solutions":[3],"are":[4,97],"emerging":[5],"in":[6,42,130],"multiple":[7],"scenarios":[8],"of":[9,52,75,93,109,142,178,196],"application":[10],"as":[11,24,37],"Industry":[12],"4.0":[13],"takes":[14],"shape.":[15],"In":[16,46],"particular,":[17],"for":[18,159],"remote":[19,143,221],"collaboration,":[20],"flexible":[21],"mechanisms":[22],"such":[23],"authoring":[25],"tools":[26,85],"can":[27,55,121],"be":[28,56,107,122,213],"used":[29,204,214],"to":[30,48,61,83,106,117,208,215],"generate":[31],"instructions":[32,54,77,116,162,180,202,230],"and":[33,125,165,183,235,240,247],"assist":[34,216],"human":[35],"operators":[36],"they":[38,120,211],"experience":[39],"increased":[40],"complexity":[41,234],"their":[43,184],"daily":[44],"tasks.":[45,223],"addition":[47],"the":[49,70,73,84,91,94,110,154,228],"traditional":[50],"handicap":[51],"ensuring":[53],"intuitively":[57],"created":[58],"without":[59],"having":[60],"understand":[62,209],"complicated":[63],"AR":[64,115,139,229],"concepts,":[65],"another":[66],"relevant":[67,197],"topic":[68],"is":[69,78,104],"fact":[71],"that":[72,90,227],"quality":[74],"said":[76],"not":[79,98],"properly":[80],"analyzed":[81],"prior":[82],"being":[86,128],"evaluated.":[87],"This":[88],"means":[89],"characteristics":[92,186],"visual":[95,185,233,237],"content":[96],"adequately":[99],"assessed":[100],"beforehand.":[101],"Hence,":[102],"it":[103],"essential":[105],"aware":[108],"cognitive":[111],"workload":[112],"associated":[113],"with":[114,150,169],"assert":[118],"if":[119,210],"easily":[123],"understood":[124],"accepted":[126],"before":[127],"deployed":[129],"real-world":[131],"scenarios.":[132],"To":[133],"address":[134],"this,":[135],"we":[136],"focused":[137],"on":[138,146,193],"during":[140,219],"sessions":[141],"guidance.":[144],"Based":[145],"a":[147,157,166,176,194],"participatory":[148],"process":[149],"domain":[151],"experts":[152],"from":[153],"industry":[155],"sector,":[156],"prototype":[158],"creating":[160],"AR-based":[161],"was":[163,172,181],"developed,":[164],"user":[167],"study":[168],"two":[170],"parts":[171],"conducted:":[173],"(1)":[174],"first,":[175],"set":[177,195],"step-by-step":[179],"produced,":[182],"were":[187,203],"evaluated":[188],"by":[189,205],"129":[190],"participants":[191,207],"based":[192],"dimensions;":[198],"(2)":[199],"afterward,":[200],"these":[201],"nine":[206],"could":[212],"on-site":[217],"collaborators":[218],"real-life":[220],"maintenance":[222],"The":[224],"results":[225],"suggest":[226],"offer":[231],"low":[232],"considerable":[236],"impact,":[238],"clarity,":[239],"directed":[241],"focus,":[242],"thus":[243],"improving":[244],"situational":[245],"understanding":[246],"promoting":[248],"task":[249],"resolution.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}