{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3043991314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mti4030043","title":"Guided User Research Methods for Experience Design\u2014A New Approach to Focus Groups and Cultural Probes","display_name":"Guided User Research Methods for Experience Design\u2014A New Approach to Focus Groups and Cultural Probes","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3043991314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mti4030043","mag":"3043991314"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/mti4030043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mti4030043","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2414-4088/4/3/43/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226272","display_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction","issn_l":"2414-4088","issn":["2414-4088"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2414-4088/4/3/43/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014033026","display_name":"Anne Elisabeth Krueger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3472-1186"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020504353","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/01nh64743","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3020504353","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anne Elisabeth Krueger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3472-1186","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3020504353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063029274","display_name":"Kathrin Pollmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6690-9303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020504353","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/01nh64743","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3020504353","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathrin Pollmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6690-9303","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3020504353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068699218","display_name":"Nora Fronemann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-5260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020504353","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/01nh64743","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3020504353","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nora Fronemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-5260","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3020504353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036622018","display_name":"B\u00e9atrice Foucault","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19370010","display_name":"Orange (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/035j0tq82","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beatrice Foucault","raw_affiliation_strings":["OrangeTM, 22300 Lannion, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OrangeTM, 22300 Lannion, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014033026"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3020504353"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":929,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1001},"fwci":2.5292,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89055363,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"43","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11977","display_name":"Technology Use by Older Adults","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14147","display_name":"Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6431045532226562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-experience-design","display_name":"User experience design","score":0.6318845152854919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus-group","display_name":"Focus group","score":0.6130316257476807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6066306829452515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5866583585739136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5706477165222168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structuring","display_name":"Structuring","score":0.5577728748321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5004587173461914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.4852721393108368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-methods","display_name":"Design methods","score":0.4422483444213867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.343273401260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3351871967315674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20540109276771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15601548552513123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.1492234468460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.10844308137893677}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6431045532226562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201025465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248500","display_name":"User experience design","level":2,"score":0.6318845152854919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.6130316257476807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6066306829452515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5866583585739136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5706477165222168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775945657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381442","display_name":"Structuring","level":2,"score":0.5577728748321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5004587173461914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4852721393108368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138852830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2292993","display_name":"Design methods","level":2,"score":0.4422483444213867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.343273401260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3351871967315674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20540109276771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15601548552513123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1492234468460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.10844308137893677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/mti4030043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mti4030043","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2414-4088/4/3/43/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226272","display_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction","issn_l":"2414-4088","issn":["2414-4088"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1e2bab7ac7dd4949bf2a83546753997c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1e2bab7ac7dd4949bf2a83546753997c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, Vol 4, Iss 3, p 43 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-603110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-603110.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IAO","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2414-4088/4/3/43/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti4030043","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction; Volume 4; Issue 3; Pages: 43","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/264264","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/264264","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/mti4030043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mti4030043","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2414-4088/4/3/43/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226272","display_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction","issn_l":"2414-4088","issn":["2414-4088"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimodal Technologies and Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3043991314.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83825692","https://openalex.org/W1977915736","https://openalex.org/W1991376523","https://openalex.org/W1993933064","https://openalex.org/W1995576301","https://openalex.org/W2015956967","https://openalex.org/W2104971230","https://openalex.org/W2118431375","https://openalex.org/W2164912151","https://openalex.org/W2227357771","https://openalex.org/W2346508476","https://openalex.org/W2500794107","https://openalex.org/W2533833583","https://openalex.org/W2592105350","https://openalex.org/W2620821825","https://openalex.org/W2794675855","https://openalex.org/W2806333714","https://openalex.org/W2943028413","https://openalex.org/W2953195027","https://openalex.org/W3007999182","https://openalex.org/W3215403858","https://openalex.org/W4243384190","https://openalex.org/W4301425163","https://openalex.org/W6689425848","https://openalex.org/W6803400486"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4251394462","https://openalex.org/W1580673008","https://openalex.org/W1510936208","https://openalex.org/W2486167009","https://openalex.org/W1595575899","https://openalex.org/W756498608","https://openalex.org/W2135201366","https://openalex.org/W4285395220","https://openalex.org/W2131947708","https://openalex.org/W2045507107"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"companies":[1],"are":[2,18,38,93,181],"facing":[3],"the":[4,21,58,74,84,102,113,151,162,174,177,189],"task":[5],"for":[6,13,26,130,197],"radical":[7],"innovations\u2014totally":[8],"new":[9,106],"concepts":[10],"and":[11,15,37,65,77,97,109,120,125,166],"ideas":[12],"products":[14],"services,":[16],"which":[17,100],"successful":[19],"at":[20],"market.":[22],"One":[23],"major":[24],"factor":[25],"success":[27],"is":[28],"a":[29,127,137,146],"positive":[30],"user":[31,60,199],"experience.":[32],"Thus,":[33],"design":[34,48,89],"teams":[35],"need,":[36],"challenged":[39],"to":[40,70,73,156],"integrate,":[41],"an":[42,158],"experience-centered":[43,159],"perspective":[44,160],"in":[45,68,83,143],"their":[46,195],"human-centered":[47],"processes.":[49],"To":[50],"support":[51],"this,":[52],"we":[53],"propose":[54],"adjusted":[55],"versions":[56],"of":[57,79,86,164,188],"well-established":[59],"research":[61],"methods":[62,104,152,175],"focus":[63,78,95],"groups":[64,96],"cultural":[66],"probes,":[67,99],"order":[69],"tailor":[71],"them":[72],"specific":[75],"needs":[76],"experience-based":[80],"design,":[81],"especially":[82],"context":[85],"solving":[87],"\u201cwicked":[88],"problems\u201d.":[90],"The":[91,169],"results":[92],"experience":[94,98,116,200],"augment":[101],"traditional":[103],"with":[105,145,186],"structuring,":[107],"materials,":[108],"tasks":[110],"based":[111,182],"on":[112,161],"three":[114,178],"principles":[115,179],"focus,":[117],"creative":[118],"visualization,":[119],"systematic":[121],"guidance.":[122],"We":[123],"introduce":[124],"describe":[126],"two":[128],"step-approach":[129],"applying":[131],"these":[132],"methods,":[133],"as":[134,136],"well":[135],"case":[138,170],"study":[139,171],"that":[140,148],"was":[141],"conducted":[142],"cooperation":[144],"company":[147,190],"illustrates":[149],"how":[150,173],"can":[153],"be":[154],"applied":[155],"enable":[157],"topic":[163],"\u201cfamilies":[165],"digital":[167],"life\u201d.":[168],"demonstrates":[172],"address":[176],"they":[180],"on.":[183],"Post-study":[184],"interviews":[185],"representatives":[187],"revealed":[191],"valuable":[192],"insights":[193],"about":[194],"usefulness":[196],"practical":[198],"design.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2020-07-29T00:00:00"}
