{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2294966024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi7030043","title":"Dealing with Magnetic Disturbances in Human Motion Capture: A Survey of Techniques","display_name":"Dealing with Magnetic Disturbances in Human Motion Capture: A Survey of Techniques","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2294966024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi7030043","mag":"2294966024","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30407416"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/mi7030043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi7030043","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/7/3/43/pdf?version=1457524820","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96702057","display_name":"Micromachines","issn_l":"2072-666X","issn":["2072-666X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/7/3/43/pdf?version=1457524820","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091544698","display_name":"Gabriele Ligorio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1242-9651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gabriele Ligorio","raw_affiliation_strings":["The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libert\u00e0 33, Pisa 56125, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libert\u00e0 33, Pisa 56125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087411283","display_name":"A.M. Sabatini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3306-6498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angelo Sabatini","raw_affiliation_strings":["The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libert\u00e0 33, Pisa 56125, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libert\u00e0 33, Pisa 56125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091544698"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":137.9667,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99890435,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"43","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9656999707221985,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workspace","display_name":"Workspace","score":0.7813985347747803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.652246356010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.6022390723228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5995785593986511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-capture","display_name":"Motion capture","score":0.5935137867927551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.589160144329071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinematics","display_name":"Kinematics","score":0.4888093173503876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.4505772888660431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44768738746643066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compensation","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","score":0.43151962757110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.43097203969955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","score":0.42454037070274353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.36836111545562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.358456552028656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.27130112051963806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18543455004692078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15489783883094788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1494826078414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12191560864448547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58581272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12741163","display_name":"Workspace","level":3,"score":0.7813985347747803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.652246356010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.6022390723228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5995785593986511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.5935137867927551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.589160144329071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.4888093173503876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.4505772888660431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44768738746643066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780023022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338171","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43151962757110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.43097203969955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.42454037070274353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.36836111545562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.358456552028656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.27130112051963806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18543455004692078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15489783883094788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1494826078414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12191560864448547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/mi7030043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi7030043","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/7/3/43/pdf?version=1457524820","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96702057","display_name":"Micromachines","issn_l":"2072-666X","issn":["2072-666X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30407416","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30407416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1746ae8b9510439f993d7b7cbf0ef16f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1746ae8b9510439f993d7b7cbf0ef16f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines, Vol 7, Iss 3, p 43 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5158097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6189838","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6189838","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6189838","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.iris.sssup.it:11382/514877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11382/514877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196376","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","host_organization_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/mi7030043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi7030043","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/7/3/43/pdf?version=1457524820","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96702057","display_name":"Micromachines","issn_l":"2072-666X","issn":["2072-666X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","ror":"https://ror.org/0166hxq48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2294966024.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2294966024.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W196239571","https://openalex.org/W1500564636","https://openalex.org/W1620042822","https://openalex.org/W1930287772","https://openalex.org/W1985853728","https://openalex.org/W2000146415","https://openalex.org/W2006863675","https://openalex.org/W2010094941","https://openalex.org/W2010717132","https://openalex.org/W2012178942","https://openalex.org/W2019330298","https://openalex.org/W2027864721","https://openalex.org/W2040378481","https://openalex.org/W2056023782","https://openalex.org/W2061128482","https://openalex.org/W2063005413","https://openalex.org/W2067007369","https://openalex.org/W2077552673","https://openalex.org/W2092943298","https://openalex.org/W2094998617","https://openalex.org/W2095825983","https://openalex.org/W2097319073","https://openalex.org/W2110728483","https://openalex.org/W2113854435","https://openalex.org/W2120665422","https://openalex.org/W2120822912","https://openalex.org/W2120826632","https://openalex.org/W2122305929","https://openalex.org/W2128885783","https://openalex.org/W2140184526","https://openalex.org/W2140268640","https://openalex.org/W2141404075","https://openalex.org/W2150893603","https://openalex.org/W2152531733","https://openalex.org/W2155067987","https://openalex.org/W2161872204","https://openalex.org/W2163907494","https://openalex.org/W2171186223","https://openalex.org/W2238582461","https://openalex.org/W2256656768","https://openalex.org/W2330373276","https://openalex.org/W2415454470","https://openalex.org/W2467377838","https://openalex.org/W2796410492","https://openalex.org/W6607981818"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992503747","https://openalex.org/W2371519816","https://openalex.org/W2043154226","https://openalex.org/W2369529107","https://openalex.org/W2139993144","https://openalex.org/W2161214141","https://openalex.org/W2102645302","https://openalex.org/W2326117494","https://openalex.org/W1970280380","https://openalex.org/W3135709989"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Magnetic-Inertial":[0],"Measurement":[1],"Units":[2],"(MIMUs)":[3],"based":[4],"on":[5],"microelectromechanical":[6],"(MEMS)":[7],"technologies":[8],"are":[9,70,80,173],"widespread":[10],"in":[11,108],"contexts":[12],"such":[13],"as":[14],"human":[15],"motion":[16],"tracking.":[17],"Although":[18],"they":[19],"present":[20],"several":[21],"advantages":[22],"(lightweight,":[23],"size,":[24],"cost),":[25],"their":[26,43],"orientation":[27,68],"estimation":[28,178],"accuracy":[29],"might":[30],"be":[31],"poor.":[32],"Indoor":[33],"magnetic":[34,84,89,111,119,126,171],"disturbances":[35],"represent":[36,157],"one":[37],"of":[38,49,78,179],"the":[39,61,83,88,154,158,162,170,177,180,185],"limiting":[40],"factors":[41],"for":[42],"accuracy,":[44],"and,":[45],"therefore,":[46],"a":[47,96,137,141],"variety":[48],"work":[50],"was":[51,131,144],"done":[52],"to":[53,75,87,133,146,175,184],"characterize":[54],"and":[55,72,86,106],"compensate":[56],"them.":[57],"In":[58],"this":[59],"paper,":[60],"main":[62],"compensation":[63],"strategies":[64],"included":[65],"within":[66],"Kalman-based":[67],"estimators":[69],"surveyed":[71],"classified":[73],"according":[74],"which":[76],"degrees":[77],"freedom":[79],"affected":[81],"by":[82],"data":[85,135,172],"disturbance":[90],"rejection":[91],"methods":[92],"implemented.":[93],"By":[94],"selecting":[95],"representative":[97],"method":[98],"from":[99,136],"each":[100],"category,":[101],"four":[102],"algorithms":[103],"were":[104],"obtained":[105],"compared":[107],"two":[109,163],"different":[110],"environments:":[112],"(1)":[113],"small":[114],"workspace":[115,123],"with":[116,182],"an":[117],"active":[118,125],"source;":[120],"(2)":[121],"large":[122],"without":[124],"sources.":[127],"A":[128],"wrist-worn":[129],"MIMU":[130],"used":[132],"acquire":[134],"healthy":[138],"subject,":[139],"whereas":[140],"stereophotogrammetric":[142],"system":[143],"adopted":[145],"obtain":[147],"ground-truth":[148],"data.":[149],"The":[150],"results":[151],"suggested":[152],"that":[153],"model-based":[155],"approaches":[156],"best":[159],"compromise":[160],"between":[161],"testbeds.":[164],"This":[165],"is":[166],"particularly":[167],"true":[168],"when":[169],"prevented":[174],"affect":[176],"angles":[181],"respect":[183],"vertical":[186],"direction.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}