{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416904914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040158","title":"A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach for the Selection of Explainable AI Methods","display_name":"A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach for the Selection of Explainable AI Methods","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416904914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040158"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/make7040158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040158","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/4/158/pdf?version=1764670329","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213891","display_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","issn_l":"2504-4990","issn":["2504-4990"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/4/158/pdf?version=1764670329","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116057297","display_name":"Miroslava Matejov\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7871-460X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183764125","display_name":"Technical University of Ko\u0161ice","ror":"https://ror.org/05xm08015","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miroslava Matejov\u00e1","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cybernetics and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Kosice, Letna 9, 040 01 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cybernetics and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Kosice, Letna 9, 040 01 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071015069","display_name":"J\u00e1n Parali\u010d","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4603-0411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183764125","display_name":"Technical University of Ko\u0161ice","ror":"https://ror.org/05xm08015","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J\u00e1n Parali\u010d","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cybernetics and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Kosice, Letna 9, 040 01 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cybernetics and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Kosice, Letna 9, 040 01 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071015069"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2021492,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"4","first_page":"158","last_page":"158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9736999869346619,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9736999869346619,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.7009000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5533999800682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","score":0.4778999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.42879998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.40790000557899475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.7009000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.609499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5533999800682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5059000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.4778999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.42879998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.40790000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.3968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3944000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197947376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5155608","display_name":"Comparability","level":2,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139502532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122090","display_name":"Computational intelligence","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.26919999718666077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/make7040158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040158","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/4/158/pdf?version=1764670329","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213891","display_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","issn_l":"2504-4990","issn":["2504-4990"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:510c501392b14b10a9813fc17137ef44","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/510c501392b14b10a9813fc17137ef44","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction, Vol 7, Iss 4, p 158 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/make7040158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040158","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/4/158/pdf?version=1764670329","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213891","display_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","issn_l":"2504-4990","issn":["2504-4990"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6948331134","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"APVV-22-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323251","funder_display_name":"Agent\u00fara na Podporu V\u00fdskumu a V\u00fdvoja"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7999996730","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"APVV-22-0414","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323251","funder_display_name":"Agent\u00fara na Podporu V\u00fdskumu a V\u00fdvoja"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312330","display_name":"Slovensk\u00e1 Akad\u00e9mia Vied","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7qq074"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323251","display_name":"Agent\u00fara na Podporu V\u00fdskumu a V\u00fdvoja","ror":"https://ror.org/037nx0e70"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323641","display_name":"Vedeck\u00e1 Grantov\u00e1 Agent\u00fara M\u0160VVa\u0160 SR a SAV","ror":"https://ror.org/044gwpv05"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416904914.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416904914.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":103,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W198744195","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W1787224781","https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W1914439774","https://openalex.org/W1960260849","https://openalex.org/W1965470998","https://openalex.org/W1967243514","https://openalex.org/W2015343144","https://openalex.org/W2044063651","https://openalex.org/W2066495914","https://openalex.org/W2102636708","https://openalex.org/W2103853381","https://openalex.org/W2125847307","https://openalex.org/W2152932486","https://openalex.org/W2165681141","https://openalex.org/W2195388612","https://openalex.org/W2259660946","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2506768821","https://openalex.org/W2510508396","https://openalex.org/W2587398863","https://openalex.org/W2606462007","https://openalex.org/W2765793020","https://openalex.org/W2778172371","https://openalex.org/W2788403449","https://openalex.org/W2796215194","https://openalex.org/W2804393646","https://openalex.org/W2883424428","https://openalex.org/W2891340972","https://openalex.org/W2891488835","https://openalex.org/W2891503716","https://openalex.org/W2901435174","https://openalex.org/W2903664898","https://openalex.org/W2909392392","https://openalex.org/W2915577650","https://openalex.org/W2945151003","https://openalex.org/W2945295328","https://openalex.org/W2949036243","https://openalex.org/W2962772482","https://openalex.org/W2962790223","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963095307","https://openalex.org/W2963233086","https://openalex.org/W2963311325","https://openalex.org/W2963399068","https://openalex.org/W2963847595","https://openalex.org/W2964303497","https://openalex.org/W2966284335","https://openalex.org/W2973319951","https://openalex.org/W2981731882","https://openalex.org/W2991380435","https://openalex.org/W2994490118","https://openalex.org/W2996521213","https://openalex.org/W2997692228","https://openalex.org/W2998512575","https://openalex.org/W3000120900","https://openalex.org/W3001193759","https://openalex.org/W3009804117","https://openalex.org/W3013149459","https://openalex.org/W3013308250","https://openalex.org/W3014082649","https://openalex.org/W3019132020","https://openalex.org/W3021046385","https://openalex.org/W3023001449","https://openalex.org/W3023497337","https://openalex.org/W3026235644","https://openalex.org/W3033410381","https://openalex.org/W3035253074","https://openalex.org/W3035517615","https://openalex.org/W3035836689","https://openalex.org/W3037211332","https://openalex.org/W3038035611","https://openalex.org/W3040626233","https://openalex.org/W3045573798","https://openalex.org/W3089284549","https://openalex.org/W3092732263","https://openalex.org/W3092961465","https://openalex.org/W3101981467","https://openalex.org/W3116286104","https://openalex.org/W3130450512","https://openalex.org/W3131457744","https://openalex.org/W3132191748","https://openalex.org/W3135487809","https://openalex.org/W3180033392","https://openalex.org/W3187293469","https://openalex.org/W4205267033","https://openalex.org/W4287186718","https://openalex.org/W4288083796","https://openalex.org/W4288083797","https://openalex.org/W4295768453","https://openalex.org/W4303647991","https://openalex.org/W4384937189","https://openalex.org/W4388948912","https://openalex.org/W4399910522","https://openalex.org/W4402670454","https://openalex.org/W4403567525","https://openalex.org/W4407173797","https://openalex.org/W4410705990","https://openalex.org/W4411550454","https://openalex.org/W4412201936","https://openalex.org/W4416251501"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,116,145,201,221],"growing":[1],"trend":[2],"of":[3,18,32,54,60,80,83,122,125,261,269],"using":[4,99,128,179,191,197],"artificial":[5,40],"intelligence":[6,41],"models":[7,25],"in":[8,165,218,271,281],"many":[9],"areas":[10],"increases":[11],"the":[12,58,63,81,84,123,153,159,166,169,177,198,225,237,259,272,282],"need":[13],"for":[14,68,141,234],"a":[15,46,51,69,73,92,133,229],"proper":[16],"understanding":[17],"their":[19,30],"functioning":[20],"and":[21,86,114,138,164,182,231,245,276],"decision-making.":[22],"Although":[23],"these":[24,126],"achieve":[26],"high":[27],"predictive":[28],"accuracy,":[29],"lack":[31],"transparency":[33],"poses":[34],"major":[35],"obstacles":[36],"to":[37,56,95],"trust.":[38],"Explainable":[39],"(XAI)":[42],"has":[43],"emerged":[44],"as":[45],"key":[47],"discipline":[48],"that":[49,76,135,157,224],"offers":[50],"wide":[52],"range":[53],"methods":[55,127,156,215],"explain":[57],"decisions":[59,250],"models.":[61],"Selecting":[62],"most":[64,170,238],"appropriate":[65,239],"XAI":[66,143,214,240,263],"method":[67,85,264],"given":[70],"application":[71],"is":[72,119,173,203],"non-trivial":[74],"problem":[75,98],"requires":[77],"careful":[78],"consideration":[79],"nature":[82],"other":[87],"aspects.":[88],"This":[89],"paper":[90],"proposes":[91],"systematic":[93],"approach":[94,227],"solving":[96],"this":[97],"multi-criteria":[100,180],"decision-making":[101,181],"(MCDM)":[102],"techniques:":[103],"ARAS,":[104],"CODAS,":[105],"EDAS,":[106],"MABAC,":[107],"MARCOS,":[108],"PROMETHEE":[109],"II,":[110],"TOPSIS,":[111],"VIKOR,":[112],"WASPAS,":[113],"WSM.":[115],"resulting":[117],"score":[118],"an":[120],"aggregation":[121],"results":[124,222],"Borda":[129],"Count.":[130],"We":[131],"present":[132],"framework":[134,202],"integrates":[136],"objective":[137],"subjective":[139],"criteria":[140],"selecting":[142,236],"methods.":[144],"proposed":[146,226],"methodology":[147],"includes":[148],"two":[149],"main":[150],"phases.":[151],"In":[152],"first":[154,273],"phase,":[155,168],"meet":[158],"specified":[160],"parameters":[161],"are":[162],"filtered,":[163],"second":[167],"suitable":[171],"alternative":[172],"selected":[174],"based":[175],"on":[176,205,216],"weights":[178,186],"sensitivity":[183],"analysis.":[184],"Metric":[185],"can":[187],"be":[188],"entered":[189],"directly,":[190],"pairwise":[192],"comparisons,":[193],"or":[194],"calculated":[195],"objectively":[196,235],"CRITIC":[199],"method.":[200],"demonstrated":[204],"concrete":[206],"use":[207,274],"cases":[208],"where":[209],"we":[210],"compare":[211],"several":[212],"popular":[213],"tasks":[217],"different":[219],"domains.":[220],"show":[223],"provides":[228],"transparent":[230],"robust":[232],"mechanism":[233],"method,":[241],"thereby":[242],"helping":[243],"researchers":[244],"practitioners":[246],"make":[247],"more":[248],"informed":[249],"when":[251],"deploying":[252],"explainable":[253],"AI":[254],"systems.":[255],"Sensitivity":[256],"analysis":[257],"confirmed":[258],"robustness":[260],"our":[262],"selection:":[265],"LIME":[266],"dominated":[267,279],"98.5%":[268],"tests":[270],"case,":[275],"Tree":[277],"SHAP":[278],"94.3%":[280],"second.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-12-02T00:00:00"}
