{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416192376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040144","title":"Clustering-Guided Automatic Generation of Algorithms for the Multidimensional Knapsack Problem","display_name":"Clustering-Guided Automatic Generation of Algorithms for the Multidimensional Knapsack Problem","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416192376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040144"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/make7040144","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040144","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/4/144/pdf?version=1762948367","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213891","display_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","issn_l":"2504-4990","issn":["2504-4990"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/4/144/pdf?version=1762948367","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120350168","display_name":"Cristian Inzulza","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10457146","display_name":"Universidad de Santiago de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma57s91","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10457146"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156023","display_name":"Universidad Central de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/0577avk88","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156023"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cristian Inzulza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170124, Chile","Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8330601, Chile"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170124, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10457146"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8330601, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156023"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120496444","display_name":"Caio Bezares","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10457146","display_name":"Universidad de Santiago de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma57s91","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10457146"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caio Bezares","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170124, Chile"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170124, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10457146"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013232838","display_name":"Fabi\u00e1n A. Cornejo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6633-392X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10457146","display_name":"Universidad de Santiago de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma57s91","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10457146"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Franco Cornejo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170124, Chile"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170124, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10457146"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086787423","display_name":"V\u0131\u0301ctor Parada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8649-5694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10457146","display_name":"Universidad de Santiago de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma57s91","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10457146"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Victor Parada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170124, Chile"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170124, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10457146"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086787423","https://openalex.org/A5120350168"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10457146","https://openalex.org/I4210156023"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":1.2974,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86818997,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"4","first_page":"144","last_page":"144"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12176","display_name":"Optimization and Packing Problems","score":0.8945000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12176","display_name":"Optimization and Packing Problems","score":0.8945000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.04010000079870224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.010900000110268593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knapsack-problem","display_name":"Knapsack problem","score":0.7674000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7537999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.5508999824523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.46560001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.3743000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.3443000018596649}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113138325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864457","display_name":"Knapsack problem","level":2,"score":0.7674000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7537999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.5508999824523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5313000082969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.46560001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.3743000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.3443000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31630000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.314300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.28619998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62469222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092103","display_name":"Hybrid algorithm (constraint satisfaction)","level":5,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.27469998598098755}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/make7040144","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040144","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/4/144/pdf?version=1762948367","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213891","display_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","issn_l":"2504-4990","issn":["2504-4990"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4a6e1eaab0684e2eb6f4bfc610e13bcc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4a6e1eaab0684e2eb6f4bfc610e13bcc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction, Vol 7, Iss 4, p 144 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/make7040144","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040144","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/4/144/pdf?version=1762948367","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213891","display_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","issn_l":"2504-4990","issn":["2504-4990"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1343616574","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AFB230002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331146","funder_display_name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4461789371","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PIA/PUENTE AFB230002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331146","funder_display_name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8857499455","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"VP2022-VRID-USACH","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309589","funder_display_name":"Universidad de Santiago de Chile"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309589","display_name":"Universidad de Santiago de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma57s91"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331146","display_name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416192376.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416192376.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1586409345","https://openalex.org/W1608877958","https://openalex.org/W1963982795","https://openalex.org/W1965686263","https://openalex.org/W1966474166","https://openalex.org/W1972300623","https://openalex.org/W1972314001","https://openalex.org/W2015206115","https://openalex.org/W2022338859","https://openalex.org/W2024256264","https://openalex.org/W2037343293","https://openalex.org/W2049096024","https://openalex.org/W2059423289","https://openalex.org/W2060322444","https://openalex.org/W2061447389","https://openalex.org/W2084974704","https://openalex.org/W2091126685","https://openalex.org/W2106433410","https://openalex.org/W2113868012","https://openalex.org/W2128301285","https://openalex.org/W2171682893","https://openalex.org/W2734841578","https://openalex.org/W2765318832","https://openalex.org/W2783833771","https://openalex.org/W2883649912","https://openalex.org/W2971609700","https://openalex.org/W2976653215","https://openalex.org/W3002805465","https://openalex.org/W3006942578","https://openalex.org/W3008636692","https://openalex.org/W3038206528","https://openalex.org/W3135448796","https://openalex.org/W3163083262","https://openalex.org/W3203386397","https://openalex.org/W4210457632","https://openalex.org/W4232951231","https://openalex.org/W4295093122","https://openalex.org/W4303446352","https://openalex.org/W4306803827","https://openalex.org/W4379208028","https://openalex.org/W4391756104","https://openalex.org/W4404316964","https://openalex.org/W4410177049","https://openalex.org/W4411406699"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"a":[2,59,82,106,149,164],"hybrid":[3],"framework":[4],"that":[5,121,158,182],"integrates":[6],"instance":[7],"clustering":[8,72,159],"with":[9,133],"Automatic":[10],"Generation":[11],"of":[12,21,62],"Algorithms":[13],"(AGA)":[14],"to":[15,47,73,109,161],"produce":[16,74],"specialized":[17],"algorithms":[18,92,171],"for":[19,168,179],"classes":[20],"Multidimensional":[22],"Knapsack":[23],"Problem":[24],"(MKP)":[25],"instances.":[26,139],"This":[27],"approach":[28],"is":[29,163],"highly":[30],"relevant":[31],"given":[32],"the":[33,142,177],"latest":[34],"trends":[35],"in":[36,113,172],"AI,":[37],"where":[38],"Large":[39],"Language":[40],"Models":[41],"(LLMs)":[42],"are":[43],"actively":[44],"being":[45,111],"used":[46],"automate":[48],"and":[49,66,70,117,129,153],"refine":[50],"algorithm":[51],"design":[52],"through":[53],"evolutionary":[54],"frameworks.":[55],"Our":[56],"method":[57],"utilizes":[58],"feature-based":[60],"representation":[61],"328":[63],"MKP":[64],"instances":[65],"evaluates":[67],"K-means,":[68],"HDBSCAN,":[69],"random":[71],"11":[75],"clusters":[76],"per":[77],"method.":[78],"For":[79],"each":[80],"cluster,":[81],"master":[83],"optimization":[84],"problem":[85],"was":[86,98],"solved":[87],"using":[88],"Genetic":[89],"Programming,":[90],"evolving":[91],"encoded":[93],"as":[94,100],"syntax":[95],"trees.":[96],"Fitness":[97],"measured":[99],"relative":[101,127],"error":[102,128],"against":[103],"known":[104],"optima,":[105],"similar":[107],"objective":[108],"those":[110],"tackled":[112],"LLM-driven":[114],"optimization.":[115],"Experimental":[116],"statistical":[118],"analyses":[119],"demonstrate":[120,157],"clustering-guided":[122],"AGA":[123,134,162],"significantly":[124],"reduces":[125],"average":[126],"accelerates":[130],"convergence":[131],"compared":[132],"trained":[135],"on":[136],"randomly":[137],"grouped":[138],"K-means":[140],"produced":[141],"most":[143],"consistent":[144],"cluster-specialization.":[145],"Cross-cluster":[146],"evaluation":[147],"reveals":[148],"trade-off":[150],"between":[151],"specialization":[152],"generalization.":[154],"The":[155],"results":[156],"prior":[160],"practical":[165],"preprocessing":[166],"step":[167],"designing":[169],"automated":[170],"NP-hard":[173],"combinatorial":[174],"problems,":[175],"paving":[176],"way":[178],"advanced":[180],"methodologies":[181],"incorporate":[183],"AI":[184],"techniques.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-22T08:09:32.410652","created_date":"2025-11-13T00:00:00"}
