{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415281359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040122","title":"Behind the Algorithm: International Insights into Data-Driven AI Model Development","display_name":"Behind the Algorithm: International Insights into Data-Driven AI Model Development","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415281359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040122"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/make7040122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/4/122/pdf?version=1760700950","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213891","display_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","issn_l":"2504-4990","issn":["2504-4990"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/4/122/pdf?version=1760700950","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006656288","display_name":"Limor Ziv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8169-9623"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13955877","display_name":"Bar-Ilan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kgsv495","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Limor Ziv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel","School of Communication, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034650404","display_name":"Maayan Nakash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6791-1624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13955877","display_name":"Bar-Ilan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kgsv495","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maayan Nakash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6791-1624","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034650404"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":5.7171,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96016119,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"4","first_page":"122","last_page":"122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.7401000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.7401000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.6585000157356262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.6384000182151794,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociotechnical-system","display_name":"Sociotechnical system","score":0.7210999727249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underpinning","display_name":"Underpinning","score":0.7174999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operationalization","display_name":"Operationalization","score":0.7110999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5976999998092651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normative","display_name":"Normative","score":0.5177000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thematic-analysis","display_name":"Thematic analysis","score":0.4318000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normative-model-of-decision-making","display_name":"Normative model of decision-making","score":0.39579999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-collection","display_name":"Data collection","score":0.37290000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-framework","display_name":"Conceptual framework","score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-model","display_name":"Conceptual model","score":0.35179999470710754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127627568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639361","display_name":"Sociotechnical system","level":2,"score":0.7210999727249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780871342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7883752","display_name":"Underpinning","level":2,"score":0.7174999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.7110999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5976999998092651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5924999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44725695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288156","display_name":"Normative","level":2,"score":0.5177000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.4318000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.42879998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137549413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7053127","display_name":"Normative model of decision-making","level":3,"score":0.39579999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.37290000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.35179999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3515999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194943564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129049","display_name":"Participant observation","level":2,"score":0.3450999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156325361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152864","display_name":"Grounded theory","level":3,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.33169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162919384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6883388","display_name":"Development theory","level":2,"score":0.3203999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.3172000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2767350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6662173","display_name":"Business intelligence","level":2,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.28630000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171268870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1486676","display_name":"GRASP","level":2,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71750763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646164","display_name":"General partnership","level":2,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780504989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2742037","display_name":"Dynamic capabilities","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135572916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193351","display_name":"Data warehouse","level":2,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4216890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815823","display_name":"Business model","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779010991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2720909","display_name":"Artifact (error)","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/make7040122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/4/122/pdf?version=1760700950","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213891","display_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","issn_l":"2504-4990","issn":["2504-4990"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ae56af72ec344e5585de0c79037b082e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ae56af72ec344e5585de0c79037b082e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction, Vol 7, Iss 4, p 122 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/make7040122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/make7040122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/4/122/pdf?version=1760700950","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213891","display_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","issn_l":"2504-4990","issn":["2504-4990"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415281359.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415281359.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81685006","https://openalex.org/W2022695927","https://openalex.org/W2129660502","https://openalex.org/W2344526152","https://openalex.org/W2523074512","https://openalex.org/W2598165690","https://openalex.org/W2801023641","https://openalex.org/W2804224372","https://openalex.org/W2997468044","https://openalex.org/W3002367514","https://openalex.org/W3094107935","https://openalex.org/W3118813946","https://openalex.org/W3181414820","https://openalex.org/W3193713684","https://openalex.org/W3212464620","https://openalex.org/W4210566925","https://openalex.org/W4238712023","https://openalex.org/W4281661994","https://openalex.org/W4296215607","https://openalex.org/W4312744594","https://openalex.org/W4313433600","https://openalex.org/W4362583878","https://openalex.org/W4365395065","https://openalex.org/W4381890156","https://openalex.org/W4384827671","https://openalex.org/W4385248297","https://openalex.org/W4391170963","https://openalex.org/W4391716085","https://openalex.org/W4392114304","https://openalex.org/W4399133771","https://openalex.org/W4401643074","https://openalex.org/W4401691715","https://openalex.org/W4402230126","https://openalex.org/W4402243221","https://openalex.org/W4405515527","https://openalex.org/W4406085118","https://openalex.org/W4407243994","https://openalex.org/W4408058017","https://openalex.org/W4408337506","https://openalex.org/W4408889627","https://openalex.org/W4409235233","https://openalex.org/W4409587327","https://openalex.org/W4411348163","https://openalex.org/W4413029066","https://openalex.org/W4413292927","https://openalex.org/W4413442271"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"intelligence":[1],"(AI)":[2],"is":[3],"increasingly":[4],"embedded":[5],"within":[6,188],"organizational":[7,80],"infrastructures,":[8],"yet":[9],"the":[10,26,39,57,67,124,141,178,189],"foundational":[11],"role":[12],"of":[13,28,42,143,159,180],"data":[14,24,55,65,83,99,150,155],"in":[15,34,140],"shaping":[16],"AI":[17,35,44,53,68,106,186],"outcomes":[18],"remains":[19],"underexplored.":[20],"This":[21],"study":[22,93,175],"positions":[23],"at":[25],"center":[27],"complexity,":[29],"uncertainty,":[30],"and":[31,54,63,79,87,112,131,161,183],"strategic":[32],"decision-making":[33],"development,":[36],"aligning":[37],"with":[38,50,89,171],"emerging":[40],"paradigm":[41],"data-centric":[43],"(DCAI).":[45],"Based":[46],"on":[47],"in-depth":[48],"interviews":[49],"74":[51],"senior":[52],"professionals,":[56],"research":[58,135],"examines":[59],"how":[60],"experts":[61],"conceptualize":[62],"operationalize":[64],"throughout":[66],"lifecycle.":[69],"A":[70],"thematic":[71],"analysis":[72],"reveals":[73],"five":[74],"interconnected":[75],"domains":[76],"reflecting":[77],"sociotechnical":[78],"challenges\u2014such":[81],"as":[82,100,156],"quality,":[84],"governance,":[85],"contextualization,":[86],"alignment":[88],"business":[90],"objectives.":[91],"The":[92],"proposes":[94],"a":[95,101,157],"conceptual":[96],"model":[97,121],"depicting":[98],"dynamic":[102],"infrastructure":[103],"underpinning":[104],"all":[105],"phases,":[107],"from":[108],"collection":[109],"to":[110,147,177],"deployment":[111],"monitoring.":[113],"Findings":[114],"indicate":[115],"that":[116],"data-related":[117],"issues,":[118],"more":[119,181],"than":[120],"sophistication,":[122],"are":[123],"primary":[125],"bottlenecks":[126],"undermining":[127],"system":[128],"reliability,":[129],"fairness,":[130],"accountability.":[132],"Practically,":[133],"this":[134,174],"advocates":[136],"for":[137],"increased":[138],"investment":[139],"development":[142],"intelligent":[144],"systems":[145,187],"designed":[146],"ensure":[148],"high-quality":[149],"management.":[151],"Theoretically,":[152],"it":[153],"reframes":[154],"site":[158],"labor":[160],"negotiation,":[162],"challenging":[163],"dominant":[164],"model-centric":[165],"narratives.":[166],"By":[167],"integrating":[168],"empirical":[169],"insights":[170],"normative":[172],"concerns,":[173],"contributes":[176],"design":[179],"trustworthy":[182],"ethically":[184],"grounded":[185],"DCAI":[190],"framework.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-17T00:00:00"}