{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396977129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer19020058","title":"Evaluating Arabic Emotion Recognition Task Using ChatGPT Models: A Comparative Analysis between Emotional Stimuli Prompt, Fine-Tuning, and In-Context Learning","display_name":"Evaluating Arabic Emotion Recognition Task Using ChatGPT Models: A Comparative Analysis between Emotional Stimuli Prompt, Fine-Tuning, and In-Context Learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396977129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer19020058"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jtaer19020058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer19020058","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/0718-1876/19/2/58/pdf?version=1715669618","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27967161","display_name":"Journal of theoretical and applied electronic commerce research","issn_l":"0718-1876","issn":["0718-1876"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/0718-1876/19/2/58/pdf?version=1715669618","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085575952","display_name":"El Habib Nfaoui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5816-0897"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81605866","display_name":"Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University","ror":"https://ror.org/04efg9a07","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81605866"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"El Habib Nfaoui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, LISAC Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5816-0897","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, LISAC Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81605866"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081493205","display_name":"Hanane Elfaik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-1250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125507","display_name":"Chouaib Doukkali University","ror":"https://ror.org/036kgyt43","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanane Elfaik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, LAROSERI Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida 24000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, LAROSERI Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida 24000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085575952"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81605866"],"apc_list":{"value":1000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1082},"apc_paid":{"value":1000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1082},"fwci":5.0835,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95826679,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"1118","last_page":"1141"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition","display_name":"Emotion recognition","score":0.6822717785835266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.675980806350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6347460746765137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5683746337890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.5635761618614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.44723182916641235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.44211167097091675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.43121200799942017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41347092390060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3234543800354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.23647472262382507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.08046773076057434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07919502258300781}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.6822717785835266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.675980806350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6347460746765137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5683746337890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5635761618614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.44723182916641235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.44211167097091675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.43121200799942017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41347092390060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3234543800354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.23647472262382507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.08046773076057434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07919502258300781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jtaer19020058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer19020058","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/0718-1876/19/2/58/pdf?version=1715669618","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27967161","display_name":"Journal of theoretical and applied electronic commerce research","issn_l":"0718-1876","issn":["0718-1876"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f613a3d6ed7a40a59b3ca6247c568613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f613a3d6ed7a40a59b3ca6247c568613","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, Vol 19, Iss 2, Pp 1118-1141 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jtaer19020058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer19020058","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/0718-1876/19/2/58/pdf?version=1715669618","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27967161","display_name":"Journal of theoretical and applied electronic commerce research","issn_l":"0718-1876","issn":["0718-1876"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396977129.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W150602506","https://openalex.org/W172260869","https://openalex.org/W1986101067","https://openalex.org/W1987934963","https://openalex.org/W2094244309","https://openalex.org/W2114315281","https://openalex.org/W2145827727","https://openalex.org/W2149628368","https://openalex.org/W2220660951","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2306941105","https://openalex.org/W2493916176","https://openalex.org/W2506506742","https://openalex.org/W2515404780","https://openalex.org/W2539162359","https://openalex.org/W2547778358","https://openalex.org/W2603304755","https://openalex.org/W2767784948","https://openalex.org/W2805241691","https://openalex.org/W2805744755","https://openalex.org/W2806752996","https://openalex.org/W2807136170","https://openalex.org/W2897761140","https://openalex.org/W2898359230","https://openalex.org/W2900517206","https://openalex.org/W2910830936","https://openalex.org/W2963685052","https://openalex.org/W2980387735","https://openalex.org/W3007384022","https://openalex.org/W3009902384","https://openalex.org/W3015832261","https://openalex.org/W3032735579","https://openalex.org/W3082012450","https://openalex.org/W3093469901","https://openalex.org/W3094412822","https://openalex.org/W3111704875","https://openalex.org/W3154302539","https://openalex.org/W3169483174","https://openalex.org/W3173322573","https://openalex.org/W3175338534","https://openalex.org/W3187475377","https://openalex.org/W3205377756","https://openalex.org/W4200132771","https://openalex.org/W4220887861","https://openalex.org/W4285148527","https://openalex.org/W4288089799","https://openalex.org/W4292779060","https://openalex.org/W4313419876","https://openalex.org/W4360613529","https://openalex.org/W4385571689","https://openalex.org/W4385571789","https://openalex.org/W4389519409","https://openalex.org/W4389519817","https://openalex.org/W4389520538","https://openalex.org/W4391215636","https://openalex.org/W4391283156","https://openalex.org/W4391451159","https://openalex.org/W4392373243","https://openalex.org/W4392669753","https://openalex.org/W6606982846","https://openalex.org/W6769627184","https://openalex.org/W6778883912","https://openalex.org/W6785236001","https://openalex.org/W6834106623","https://openalex.org/W6838461753","https://openalex.org/W6840010489","https://openalex.org/W6848096810"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4249048193","https://openalex.org/W3000360420","https://openalex.org/W1931440630","https://openalex.org/W3172144307","https://openalex.org/W3184247917","https://openalex.org/W4235657630","https://openalex.org/W2331401504","https://openalex.org/W2620283452","https://openalex.org/W3126677997","https://openalex.org/W1610857240"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Textual":[0],"emotion":[1,77,132,225],"recognition":[2],"(TER)":[3],"has":[4],"significant":[5],"commercial":[6],"potential":[7],"since":[8],"it":[9],"can":[10,37],"be":[11,38],"used":[12,39],"as":[13,46,102,104,112],"an":[14,183,199],"excellent":[15],"tool":[16],"to":[17,40,88,121,159,170],"monitor":[18],"a":[19,31,54,203,209,215],"brand/business":[20],"reputation,":[21],"understand":[22,41],"customer":[23],"satisfaction,":[24],"and":[25,42,49,61,70,95,115,138,149,175,208],"personalize":[26],"recommendations.":[27],"It":[28],"is":[29,85,158],"considered":[30],"natural":[32],"language":[33,127],"processing":[34],"task":[35,174,221],"that":[36,192],"classify":[43],"emotions":[44],"such":[45,111],"anger,":[47],"happiness,":[48],"surprise":[50],"being":[51],"conveyed":[52],"in":[53],"piece":[55],"of":[56,67,98,108,125,154,182,201,206,212,222],"text":[57,110],"(product":[58],"reviews,":[59],"tweets,":[60],"comments).":[62],"Despite":[63],"the":[64,89,99,105,123,172,180,193,220],"advanced":[65],"development":[66],"deep":[68],"learning":[69],"particularly":[71],"transformer":[72],"architectures,":[73],"Arabic-focused":[74],"models":[75,128],"for":[76,186,219],"classification":[78],"have":[79,165],"not":[80],"achieved":[81,198],"satisfactory":[82],"accuracy.":[83],"This":[84,118],"mainly":[86],"due":[87],"morphological":[90],"richness,":[91],"agglutination,":[92],"dialectal":[93],"variation,":[94],"low-resource":[96],"datasets":[97],"Arabic":[100,130,223],"language,":[101],"well":[103],"unique":[106],"features":[107],"user-generated":[109],"noisiness,":[113],"shortness,":[114],"informal":[116],"language.":[117],"study":[119],"aims":[120],"illustrate":[122],"effectiveness":[124],"large":[126],"on":[129],"multi-label":[131,224],"classification.":[133],"We":[134],"evaluated":[135],"GPT-3.5":[136,195],"Turbo":[137,196],"GPT-4":[139],"using":[140],"three":[141],"different":[142],"settings:":[143],"in-context":[144],"learning,":[145],"emotional":[146],"stimuli":[147],"prompt,":[148],"fine-tuning.":[150],"The":[151,188],"ultimate":[152],"objective":[153],"this":[155],"research":[156],"paper":[157],"determine":[160],"if":[161],"these":[162],"LLMs,":[163],"which":[164],"multilingual":[166],"capabilities,":[167],"could":[168],"contribute":[169],"enhancing":[171],"aforementioned":[173],"encourage":[176],"its":[177],"use":[178],"within":[179],"context":[181],"e-commerce":[184],"environment":[185],"example.":[187],"experimental":[189],"results":[190],"indicated":[191],"fine-tuned":[194],"model":[197],"accuracy":[200],"62.03%,":[202],"micro-averaged":[204],"F1-score":[205,211],"73%,":[207],"macro-averaged":[210],"62%,":[213],"establishing":[214],"new":[216],"state-of-the-art":[217],"benchmark":[218],"recognition.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-06-25T08:15:23.626066","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}