{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2794326922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan7010008","title":"Sensors and Actuators in Smart Cities","display_name":"Sensors and Actuators in Smart Cities","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-02-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2794326922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan7010008","mag":"2794326922"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jsan7010008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan7010008","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2224-2708/7/1/8/pdf?version=1519300376","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736633529","display_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","issn_l":"2224-2708","issn":["2224-2708"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2224-2708/7/1/8/pdf?version=1519300376","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089637331","display_name":"Mohammad Hammoudeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1058-0996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11983389","display_name":"Manchester Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hstj355","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Hammoudeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Mathematics & Digital Technology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1058-0996","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Mathematics & Digital Technology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026962625","display_name":"Mounir Arioua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6069-6298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I240042149","display_name":"Abdelmalek Essa\u00e2di University","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4shz64","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I240042149"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mounir Arioua","raw_affiliation_strings":["National School of Applied Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, T\u00e9touan 93000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National School of Applied Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, T\u00e9touan 93000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240042149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089637331"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":2.9591,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91343466,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"8","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11479","display_name":"Smart Cities and Technologies","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11479","display_name":"Smart Cities and Technologies","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9625999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7672926187515259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.7155205011367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30489110946655273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7672926187515259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.7155205011367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30489110946655273}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jsan7010008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan7010008","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2224-2708/7/1/8/pdf?version=1519300376","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736633529","display_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","issn_l":"2224-2708","issn":["2224-2708"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:e-space.mmu.ac.uk:620828","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/view/authors/2d8e23d4511218f373fdb901df1fd553.html>","pdf_url":"https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/620828/1/jsan-07-00008-v2%20%286%29.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401617","display_name":"e-space (Manchester Metropolitan University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11983389","host_organization_name":"Manchester Metropolitan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030325243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.doabooks.org/doab?func=fulltext&uiLanguage=en&rid=26662","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:directory.doabooks.org:20.500.12854/59225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/617","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400539","display_name":"Directory of Open access Books (OAPEN Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doab-books:26662","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.doabooks.org/doab?func=search&query=rid:26662","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400539","display_name":"Directory of Open access Books (OAPEN Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"book"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4016f34e7df54b04835f605998ad997e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4016f34e7df54b04835f605998ad997e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, Vol 7, Iss 1, p 8 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2224-2708/7/1/8/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jsan7010008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks; Volume 7; Issue 1; Pages: 8","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jsan7010008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan7010008","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2224-2708/7/1/8/pdf?version=1519300376","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736633529","display_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","issn_l":"2224-2708","issn":["2224-2708"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2794326922.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2794326922.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504916868","https://openalex.org/W2011085015","https://openalex.org/W2014492233","https://openalex.org/W2038292361","https://openalex.org/W2121458776","https://openalex.org/W2146142507","https://openalex.org/W2146235116","https://openalex.org/W2149354205","https://openalex.org/W2150805847","https://openalex.org/W2159470470","https://openalex.org/W2261503311","https://openalex.org/W2339403638","https://openalex.org/W2367459645","https://openalex.org/W2473821230","https://openalex.org/W2520636753","https://openalex.org/W2531503516","https://openalex.org/W2546721971","https://openalex.org/W2553290831","https://openalex.org/W2559982607","https://openalex.org/W2560720192","https://openalex.org/W2606052344","https://openalex.org/W2609798306","https://openalex.org/W2748051370","https://openalex.org/W2752212011","https://openalex.org/W2760403568","https://openalex.org/W2768901605","https://openalex.org/W2769930542","https://openalex.org/W2770146469","https://openalex.org/W2772056443","https://openalex.org/W2772355367","https://openalex.org/W2776698093","https://openalex.org/W2781875429","https://openalex.org/W2787502244","https://openalex.org/W3102470278"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2130043461","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,8],"city,":[2],"from":[3,25],"its":[4],"earliest":[5],"emergence":[6],"in":[7],"Near":[9],"East":[10],"between":[11],"4500":[12],"and":[13,23],"3100":[14],"BCE,":[15],"came":[16],"a":[17],"wide":[18],"range":[19],"of":[20],"new":[21],"discoveries":[22],"inventions,":[24],"synthetic":[26],"materials":[27],"to":[28],"wheeled":[29],"vehicles[...]":[30]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}