{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407782643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan14020022","title":"Optimal Sensor Placement for Structural Health Monitoring: A Comprehensive Review","display_name":"Optimal Sensor Placement for Structural Health Monitoring: A Comprehensive Review","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407782643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan14020022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jsan14020022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan14020022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736633529","display_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","issn_l":"2224-2708","issn":["2224-2708"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan14020022","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100660518","display_name":"Zhiyan Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6096-2637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyan Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078445351","display_name":"Mojtaba Mahmoodian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2421-6776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mojtaba Mahmoodian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008632360","display_name":"Amir Sidiq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5391-8099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Sidiq","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099057785","display_name":"Sanduni Jayasinghe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanduni Jayasinghe","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026637026","display_name":"Farham Shahrivar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8197-4832"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farham Shahrivar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044651954","display_name":"Sujeeva Setunge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5958-2189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sujeeva Setunge","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3000, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078445351"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":25.0865,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99796079,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"22","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12682","display_name":"Smart Materials for Construction","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9718999862670898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8064317107200623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-health-monitoring","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","score":0.4745160937309265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33605822920799255}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8064317107200623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776247918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423713","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","level":2,"score":0.4745160937309265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33605822920799255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jsan14020022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan14020022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736633529","display_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","issn_l":"2224-2708","issn":["2224-2708"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:80b5bd3d194a4f3aaddb9b12446b3fad","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/80b5bd3d194a4f3aaddb9b12446b3fad","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, Vol 14, Iss 2, p 22 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jsan14020022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan14020022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736633529","display_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","issn_l":"2224-2708","issn":["2224-2708"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":150,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W618059975","https://openalex.org/W1485881041","https://openalex.org/W1517373336","https://openalex.org/W1523741643","https://openalex.org/W1573544262","https://openalex.org/W1637731468","https://openalex.org/W1894835879","https://openalex.org/W1972372596","https://openalex.org/W1986620305","https://openalex.org/W1987169324","https://openalex.org/W1987371555","https://openalex.org/W1993951508","https://openalex.org/W2006141258","https://openalex.org/W2008671926","https://openalex.org/W2021274998","https://openalex.org/W2037682837","https://openalex.org/W2050248078","https://openalex.org/W2056740541","https://openalex.org/W2065455374","https://openalex.org/W2081046587","https://openalex.org/W2092358776","https://openalex.org/W2093144002","https://openalex.org/W2095239229","https://openalex.org/W2102301420","https://openalex.org/W2126810361","https://openalex.org/W2136149108","https://openalex.org/W2138626366","https://openalex.org/W2154805199","https://openalex.org/W2171784600","https://openalex.org/W2276151943","https://openalex.org/W2337083997","https://openalex.org/W2340112590","https://openalex.org/W2482127302","https://openalex.org/W2518003110","https://openalex.org/W2527569491","https://openalex.org/W2542804400","https://openalex.org/W2560764484","https://openalex.org/W2563482566","https://openalex.org/W2595610686","https://openalex.org/W2604321178","https://openalex.org/W2604765188","https://openalex.org/W2611159790","https://openalex.org/W2611246826","https://openalex.org/W2625718349","https://openalex.org/W2738647965","https://openalex.org/W2769028945","https://openalex.org/W2779497038","https://openalex.org/W2788028452","https://openalex.org/W2792364330","https://openalex.org/W2793605784","https://openalex.org/W2799470005","https://openalex.org/W2803093594","https://openalex.org/W2810709036","https://openalex.org/W2885316547","https://openalex.org/W2900814507","https://openalex.org/W2902475010","https://openalex.org/W2914690021","https://openalex.org/W2915443970","https://openalex.org/W2922803255","https://openalex.org/W2939399833","https://openalex.org/W2951811248","https://openalex.org/W2964188185","https://openalex.org/W2964653467","https://openalex.org/W2978497387","https://openalex.org/W2988439746","https://openalex.org/W2990149343","https://openalex.org/W3005083086","https://openalex.org/W3005600678","https://openalex.org/W3006863545","https://openalex.org/W3009739452","https://openalex.org/W3012944228","https://openalex.org/W3014048166","https://openalex.org/W3016010635","https://openalex.org/W3016094611","https://openalex.org/W3028148422","https://openalex.org/W3033672787","https://openalex.org/W3033864100","https://openalex.org/W3039961695","https://openalex.org/W3042091195","https://openalex.org/W3043132849","https://openalex.org/W3083028357","https://openalex.org/W3087223302","https://openalex.org/W3093255633","https://openalex.org/W3106864127","https://openalex.org/W3114255489","https://openalex.org/W3116803400","https://openalex.org/W3120084225","https://openalex.org/W3120377254","https://openalex.org/W3128157970","https://openalex.org/W3131792671","https://openalex.org/W3132404826","https://openalex.org/W3132985895","https://openalex.org/W3156669375","https://openalex.org/W3161401358","https://openalex.org/W3172618507","https://openalex.org/W3175371768","https://openalex.org/W3176075071","https://openalex.org/W3190548347","https://openalex.org/W3196025567","https://openalex.org/W3196995267","https://openalex.org/W3197025840","https://openalex.org/W3203349350","https://openalex.org/W3214840804","https://openalex.org/W4206368941","https://openalex.org/W4211242537","https://openalex.org/W4213306650","https://openalex.org/W4220857649","https://openalex.org/W4221098962","https://openalex.org/W4224266186","https://openalex.org/W4224318902","https://openalex.org/W4225614390","https://openalex.org/W4226017549","https://openalex.org/W4229021846","https://openalex.org/W4236628408","https://openalex.org/W4237827315","https://openalex.org/W4239964482","https://openalex.org/W4245883536","https://openalex.org/W4249717337","https://openalex.org/W4280491112","https://openalex.org/W4280637680","https://openalex.org/W4281745828","https://openalex.org/W4283159488","https://openalex.org/W4283209813","https://openalex.org/W4283365730","https://openalex.org/W4285097282","https://openalex.org/W4285804136","https://openalex.org/W4286434174","https://openalex.org/W4293072284","https://openalex.org/W4301396671","https://openalex.org/W4307060726","https://openalex.org/W4307652540","https://openalex.org/W4309623892","https://openalex.org/W4313040118","https://openalex.org/W4327910565","https://openalex.org/W4328111237","https://openalex.org/W4382863892","https://openalex.org/W4386935297","https://openalex.org/W4400408351","https://openalex.org/W4402418975","https://openalex.org/W4402480640","https://openalex.org/W4404579118","https://openalex.org/W4405781903","https://openalex.org/W4406149228","https://openalex.org/W6602568893","https://openalex.org/W6619479671","https://openalex.org/W6736430343","https://openalex.org/W6766486624","https://openalex.org/W6770986168","https://openalex.org/W6800396134","https://openalex.org/W6842038201"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,158],"structural":[1],"health":[2],"monitoring":[3,62,233],"(SHM)":[4],"of":[5,160,194,236],"bridge":[6,87,144,221,237],"infrastructure":[7,176,238],"has":[8],"become":[9],"essential":[10],"for":[11,142,154,202],"ensuring":[12,230],"safety,":[13],"serviceability,":[14],"and":[15,21,36,65,79,104,123,150,171,186,197,218,227,234],"long-term":[16,175],"functionality":[17],"amid":[18],"aging":[19],"structures":[20],"increasing":[22],"load":[23],"demands.":[24],"SHM":[25,53,75,166,211],"leverages":[26],"sensor":[27,56,77,91,156,181,199],"networks":[28,200],"to":[29,44,220],"enable":[30],"real-time":[31,172],"data":[32,204],"acquisition,":[33],"damage":[34],"detection,":[35],"predictive":[37,169],"maintenance,":[38],"offering":[39],"a":[40,83],"more":[41],"reliable":[42],"alternative":[43],"traditional":[45],"visual":[46],"inspection":[47],"methods.":[48],"A":[49],"key":[50],"challenge":[51],"in":[52,74,165,209,239],"is":[54],"optimal":[55],"placement":[57],"(OSP),":[58],"which":[59],"directly":[60],"impacts":[61],"accuracy,":[63],"cost-efficiency,":[64],"overall":[66],"system":[67],"performance.":[68],"This":[69,213],"review":[70,214],"explores":[71],"recent":[72],"advancements":[73],"techniques,":[76],"technologies,":[78],"OSP":[80,140],"methodologies,":[81],"with":[82],"primary":[84],"focus":[85,137],"on":[86,95,138,180],"infrastructure.":[88],"It":[89],"evaluates":[90],"configuration":[92],"strategies":[93,141],"based":[94],"criteria":[96],"such":[97],"as":[98,189,191],"the":[99,114,192,222,231],"modal":[100],"assurance":[101],"criterion":[102],"(MAC)":[103],"mean":[105],"square":[106],"error":[107],"(MSE)":[108],"while":[109],"examining":[110],"optimisation":[111],"approaches":[112],"like":[113],"Effective":[115],"Independence":[116],"(EI)":[117],"method,":[118],"Kinetic":[119],"Energy":[120],"Optimisation":[121],"(KEO),":[122],"their":[124],"advanced":[125],"variants.":[126],"Despite":[127],"these":[128],"advancements,":[129],"several":[130],"research":[131,179],"gaps":[132],"remain.":[133],"Future":[134],"studies":[135],"should":[136],"scalable":[139],"large-scale":[143],"networks,":[145],"integrating":[146],"machine":[147],"learning":[148],"(ML)":[149],"artificial":[151],"intelligence":[152],"(AI)":[153],"adaptive":[155],"deployment.":[157],"implementation":[159],"digital":[161],"twin":[162],"(DT)":[163],"technology":[164],"can":[167],"enhance":[168],"maintenance":[170,235],"decision-making,":[173],"improving":[174],"resilience.":[177],"Additionally,":[178],"robustness":[182],"against":[183],"environmental":[184],"noise":[185],"external":[187],"disturbances,":[188],"well":[190],"integration":[193],"edge":[195],"computing":[196],"wireless":[198],"(WSNs)":[201],"efficient":[203],"transmission,":[205],"will":[206],"be":[207],"critical":[208,216],"advancing":[210],"applications.":[212],"provides":[215],"insights":[217],"recommendations":[219],"gap":[223],"between":[224],"theoretical":[225],"innovations":[226],"real-world":[228],"implementation,":[229],"effective":[232],"modern":[240],"civil":[241],"engineering.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17}],"updated_date":"2026-04-03T22:45:19.894376","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
