{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402123116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan13050051","title":"Energy-Efficient Handover Algorithm for Sustainable Mobile Networks: Balancing Connectivity and Power Consumption","display_name":"Energy-Efficient Handover Algorithm for Sustainable Mobile Networks: Balancing Connectivity and Power Consumption","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402123116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan13050051"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jsan13050051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan13050051","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2224-2708/13/5/51/pdf?version=1725287996","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736633529","display_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","issn_l":"2224-2708","issn":["2224-2708"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2224-2708/13/5/51/pdf?version=1725287996","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089246271","display_name":"Radhwan M. Abdullah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12150220","display_name":"University of Mosul","ror":"https://ror.org/039cf4q47","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12150220"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Radhwan M. Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Machines and Equipment, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Mosul 41002, Iraq"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Machines and Equipment, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Mosul 41002, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12150220"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048776343","display_name":"Ibrahim Al-Surmi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146209","display_name":"Al-Razi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rrnb020","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146209"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160302","display_name":"Amran University","ror":"https://ror.org/055y2t972","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160302"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162271","display_name":"Al-Saeeda University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v0zt272","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162271"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392021107","display_name":"Aljeel Aljadeed University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kjeyv82","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4392021107"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Al-Surmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cyber Security, Faculty of Engineering and IT, AlJeel AlJadeed University, Sana\u2019a 9677, Yemen","Department of Information System, Faculty of Engineering and IT, Amran University, Amran 9677, Yemen","Department of Cyber Security, Faculty of Engineering and IT, AlJeel AlJadeed University, Sana'a 9677, Yemen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cyber Security, Faculty of Engineering and IT, AlJeel AlJadeed University, Sana\u2019a 9677, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information System, Faculty of Engineering and IT, Amran University, Amran 9677, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160302"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cyber Security, Faculty of Engineering and IT, AlJeel AlJadeed University, Sana'a 9677, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162271","https://openalex.org/I4392021107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076758784","display_name":"Gamil R. S. Qaid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-1065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31605765","display_name":"Hodeidah University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fkpm735","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31605765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146209","display_name":"Al-Razi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rrnb020","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146209"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162271","display_name":"Al-Saeeda University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v0zt272","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162271"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392021107","display_name":"Aljeel Aljadeed University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kjeyv82","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4392021107"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gamil R. S. Qaid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Hodeidah University, Hodeidah 9676, Yemen","Department of Cyber Security, Faculty of Engineering and IT, AlJeel AlJadeed University, Sana\u2019a 9677, Yemen","Department of Cyber Security, Faculty of Engineering and IT, AlJeel AlJadeed University, Sana'a 9677, Yemen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Hodeidah University, Hodeidah 9676, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31605765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cyber Security, Faculty of Engineering and IT, AlJeel AlJadeed University, Sana\u2019a 9677, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cyber Security, Faculty of Engineering and IT, AlJeel AlJadeed University, Sana'a 9677, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162271","https://openalex.org/I4392021107"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048851834","display_name":"Ali A. Alwan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3279-9366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171851574","display_name":"Ramapo College","ror":"https://ror.org/03s2x9d90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171851574"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64281891","display_name":"College of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/02nx5r318","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64281891"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali A. Alwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Theoretical and Applied Science, Ramapo College of New Jersey, Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Theoretical and Applied Science, Ramapo College of New Jersey, Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171851574","https://openalex.org/I64281891"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089246271"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12150220"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.6375,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68636343,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"5","first_page":"51","last_page":"51"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.847709059715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handover","display_name":"Handover","score":0.8231370449066162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.7621596455574036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5573161840438843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5336262583732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.45599597692489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-network","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","score":0.4403068721294403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.4381124973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4241352677345276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3458740711212158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.28268444538116455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.20558905601501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1897777020931244}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.847709059715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111852164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414679","display_name":"Handover","level":2,"score":0.8231370449066162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.7621596455574036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5573161840438843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5336262583732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.45599597692489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158207573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747224","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","level":4,"score":0.4403068721294403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.4381124973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4241352677345276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3458740711212158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.28268444538116455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.20558905601501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1897777020931244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jsan13050051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan13050051","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2224-2708/13/5/51/pdf?version=1725287996","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736633529","display_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","issn_l":"2224-2708","issn":["2224-2708"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0c2e080c884146beb3f383c285089a9f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0c2e080c884146beb3f383c285089a9f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, Vol 13, Iss 5, p 51 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jsan13050051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan13050051","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2224-2708/13/5/51/pdf?version=1725287996","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736633529","display_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","issn_l":"2224-2708","issn":["2224-2708"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318976","display_name":"University of Mosul","ror":"https://ror.org/039cf4q47"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402123116.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402123116.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976239430","https://openalex.org/W2120978498","https://openalex.org/W2164613886","https://openalex.org/W2295761692","https://openalex.org/W2499538570","https://openalex.org/W2519525439","https://openalex.org/W2554536553","https://openalex.org/W2612345656","https://openalex.org/W2718672192","https://openalex.org/W2731647541","https://openalex.org/W2735947454","https://openalex.org/W2761112256","https://openalex.org/W2768170773","https://openalex.org/W2779238714","https://openalex.org/W2790399739","https://openalex.org/W2790686896","https://openalex.org/W2885675774","https://openalex.org/W2911892560","https://openalex.org/W2937508334","https://openalex.org/W2951227006","https://openalex.org/W2966154193","https://openalex.org/W2968544152","https://openalex.org/W2990051174","https://openalex.org/W3011862474","https://openalex.org/W3016244916","https://openalex.org/W3024380547","https://openalex.org/W3095578985","https://openalex.org/W3110219421","https://openalex.org/W3116678605","https://openalex.org/W3130483062","https://openalex.org/W3137475016","https://openalex.org/W3152834241","https://openalex.org/W3160731098","https://openalex.org/W3176696311","https://openalex.org/W3177617945","https://openalex.org/W3195684093","https://openalex.org/W3216884031","https://openalex.org/W3217483750","https://openalex.org/W4205729461","https://openalex.org/W4213170912","https://openalex.org/W4214557610","https://openalex.org/W4220937612","https://openalex.org/W4220943727","https://openalex.org/W4224882374","https://openalex.org/W4225274044","https://openalex.org/W4319334782","https://openalex.org/W4362698736","https://openalex.org/W4367400167","https://openalex.org/W4380877141","https://openalex.org/W4382932874","https://openalex.org/W4385955311","https://openalex.org/W4389172943","https://openalex.org/W4391540015","https://openalex.org/W4401322086","https://openalex.org/W6737742171","https://openalex.org/W6786787856","https://openalex.org/W6810555710","https://openalex.org/W6852013672"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2520149731","https://openalex.org/W1981519115","https://openalex.org/W1985631144","https://openalex.org/W2756697477","https://openalex.org/W2760405630","https://openalex.org/W179829755","https://openalex.org/W4293061881","https://openalex.org/W1990395098","https://openalex.org/W2021299859","https://openalex.org/W2805060255"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,37,96,134,176,186,195,206],"era":[2],"of":[3,40,136,179,189,197],"pervasive":[4],"mobile":[5,53,127,157,180,190],"and":[6,32,66,78,90,163,204],"heterogeneous":[7],"networks,":[8],"maintaining":[9],"seamless":[10],"connectivity":[11,76,112],"during":[12],"handover":[13,22,50,72,202],"events":[14],"while":[15],"minimizing":[16],"energy":[17,41,63,79,100,142,154,199],"consumption":[18,64,118],"is":[19],"paramount.":[20],"Traditional":[21],"mechanisms":[23],"prioritize":[24],"metrics":[25,200],"such":[26,59],"as":[27,60],"signal":[28,88],"strength,":[29],"user":[30],"mobility,":[31],"network":[33,91,146,165,213],"load,":[34,92],"often":[35],"neglecting":[36],"critical":[38,97],"aspect":[39],"consumption.":[42],"This":[43,106,192],"study":[44],"presents":[45],"a":[46,121],"novel":[47],"approach":[48,94,172],"to":[49,69,185],"decision-making":[51],"in":[52,103,140,153,211],"networks":[54],"by":[55],"incorporating":[56,198],"energy-related":[57],"metrics,":[58],"battery":[61,177],"level,":[62],"rate,":[65],"environmental":[67],"context,":[68],"make":[70],"informed":[71],"decisions":[73,203],"that":[74,84],"balance":[75],"quality":[77],"efficiency.":[80],"Unlike":[81],"traditional":[82],"methods":[83],"primarily":[85],"focus":[86],"on":[87],"strength":[89],"our":[93,137,171],"addresses":[95],"need":[98],"for":[99,125,156,208],"efficiency,":[101],"particularly":[102],"high-mobility":[104,161],"scenarios.":[105],"innovative":[107],"framework":[108],"not":[109,173],"only":[110,174],"enhances":[111],"but":[113,182],"also":[114,183],"significantly":[115],"improves":[116],"power":[117],"management,":[119],"offering":[120],"more":[122],"sustainable":[123],"solution":[124,139],"modern":[126],"networks.":[128,191],"Through":[129],"extensive":[130],"simulations,":[131],"we":[132],"demonstrate":[133],"effectiveness":[135],"proposed":[138],"reducing":[141],"usage":[143],"without":[144],"compromising":[145],"performance.":[147],"The":[148],"results":[149],"reveal":[150],"significant":[151],"improvements":[152],"savings":[155],"devices,":[158],"especially":[159],"under":[160],"scenarios":[162],"varying":[164],"conditions.":[166],"By":[167],"prioritizing":[168],"energy-efficient":[169],"handovers,":[170],"extends":[175],"life":[178],"devices":[181],"contributes":[184],"overall":[187],"sustainability":[188],"paper":[193],"underscores":[194],"importance":[196],"into":[201],"sets":[205],"stage":[207],"future":[209],"research":[210],"energy-aware":[212],"management.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}