{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387264731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging9100209","title":"Photon-Counting CT Material Decomposition in Bone Imaging","display_name":"Photon-Counting CT Material Decomposition in Bone Imaging","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387264731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging9100209","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37888316"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging9100209","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging9100209","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/9/10/209/pdf?version=1696235231","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/9/10/209/pdf?version=1696235231","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049187603","display_name":"Abhisek Bhattarai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3713-1349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhisek Bhattarai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3713-1349","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008116172","display_name":"Ray Tanaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3889-5164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ray Tanaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3889-5164","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046100179","display_name":"Andy Wai Kan Yeung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3672-357X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andy Wai Kan Yeung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3672-357X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001457706","display_name":"Varut Vardhanabhuti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-3194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Varut Vardhanabhuti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-3194","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001457706"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":1.1334,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74628097,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"10","first_page":"209","last_page":"209"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoporosis","display_name":"Osteoporosis","score":0.7347064018249512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ovariectomized-rat","display_name":"Ovariectomized rat","score":0.6147807240486145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/densitometry","display_name":"Densitometry","score":0.5600590109825134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiodensity","display_name":"Radiodensity","score":0.5174737572669983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandible","display_name":"Mandible (arthropod mouthpart)","score":0.5121583938598633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-mineral","display_name":"Bone mineral","score":0.5118016600608826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tibia","display_name":"Tibia","score":0.4887263774871826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomography","display_name":"Tomography","score":0.4880889654159546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-medicine","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","score":0.43045058846473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-density","display_name":"Bone density","score":0.4280610978603363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.41177576780319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.40954962372779846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.401464581489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.39199358224868774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiography","display_name":"Radiography","score":0.3476368188858032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.1935361623764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.1416405737400055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.09214261174201965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.07271721959114075}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776541429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165328","display_name":"Osteoporosis","level":2,"score":0.7347064018249512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8264082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113259","display_name":"Ovariectomized rat","level":3,"score":0.6147807240486145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136496925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189807","display_name":"Densitometry","level":2,"score":0.5600590109825134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63565114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2401305","display_name":"Radiodensity","level":3,"score":0.5174737572669983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779767645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5281607","display_name":"Mandible (arthropod mouthpart)","level":3,"score":0.5121583938598633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776886416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4941567","display_name":"Bone mineral","level":3,"score":0.5118016600608826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777236700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178366","display_name":"Tibia","level":2,"score":0.4887263774871826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.4880889654159546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.43045058846473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779329777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2304401","display_name":"Bone density","level":3,"score":0.4280610978603363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.41177576780319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.40954962372779846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.401464581489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39199358224868774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36454342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341","display_name":"Radiography","level":2,"score":0.3476368188858032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.1935361623764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.1416405737400055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.09214261174201965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.07271721959114075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777164284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277954","display_name":"Estrogen","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157369684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34740","display_name":"Genus","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging9100209","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging9100209","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/9/10/209/pdf?version=1696235231","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37888316","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37888316","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10607213","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10607213","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10607213/pdf/jimaging-09-00209.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Imaging","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ec9d4cc859f44e558c65cbf5729ec8b5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ec9d4cc859f44e558c65cbf5729ec8b5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging, Vol 9, Iss 10, p 209 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging9100209","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging9100209","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/9/10/209/pdf?version=1696235231","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309778","display_name":"Li Ka Shing Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01g6g9h28"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324799","display_name":"Tokyo Medical and Dental University","ror":"https://ror.org/051k3eh31"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387264731.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983993011","https://openalex.org/W1998286327","https://openalex.org/W2024336145","https://openalex.org/W2027093084","https://openalex.org/W2068947159","https://openalex.org/W2092362745","https://openalex.org/W2109704645","https://openalex.org/W2112779928","https://openalex.org/W2161555525","https://openalex.org/W2163015295","https://openalex.org/W2170424332","https://openalex.org/W2377812826","https://openalex.org/W2597378087","https://openalex.org/W2787156415","https://openalex.org/W2889741596","https://openalex.org/W2914059881","https://openalex.org/W2955051239","https://openalex.org/W3094860351","https://openalex.org/W4242687626"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2394364074","https://openalex.org/W2357531718","https://openalex.org/W2013494798","https://openalex.org/W2026273354","https://openalex.org/W2410307003","https://openalex.org/W2434563552","https://openalex.org/W2595748755","https://openalex.org/W2366009986","https://openalex.org/W2001868123","https://openalex.org/W1990554628"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,12],"accurate":[1],"screening":[2,193],"of":[3,14,79,86,95,116,138,180,196],"osteoporosis":[4],"is":[5,21,40,174],"important":[6],"for":[7,42,48,91],"identifying":[8],"persons":[9],"at":[10],"risk.":[11],"diagnosis":[13,94,195],"bone":[15,26,87,96,118,186,197],"conditions":[16,198],"using":[17,156],"dual":[18],"X-ray":[19],"absorptiometry":[20],"limited":[22],"to":[23,32,64,81],"extracting":[24],"areal":[25],"mineral":[27],"density":[28],"(BMD)":[29],"and":[30,60,68,89,99,129,152,168,182,187,194],"fails":[31],"provide":[33,82],"any":[34],"structural":[35,136],"information.":[36,70],"Computed":[37],"tomography":[38],"(CT)":[39],"excellent":[41],"morphological":[43,124],"imaging":[44,85],"but":[45],"not":[46,146],"ideal":[47],"material":[49,61],"quantification.":[50],"Advanced":[51],"photon-counting":[52],"detector":[53],"CT":[54],"(PCD-CT)":[55],"possesses":[56],"high":[57],"spectral":[58],"sensitivity":[59],"decomposition":[62],"capabilities":[63],"simultaneously":[65],"determine":[66],"qualitative":[67],"quantitative":[69],"In":[71],"this":[72],"study,":[73],"we":[74],"explored":[75],"the":[76,92,105,123,127,135,139,142,161,166,178,192],"diagnostic":[77],"utility":[78,190],"PCD-CT":[80,102,157,173],"high-resolution":[83],"3-D":[84],"microarchitecture":[88],"composition":[90],"sensitive":[93,175],"in":[97,122,134,164,176,185,191],"untreated":[98,128],"ovariectomized":[100,130],"rats.":[101],"accurately":[103],"decomposed":[104,155],"calcium":[106,153,181],"content":[107],"within":[108],"hydroxyapatite":[109],"phantoms":[110],"(r":[111],"=":[112],"0.99).":[113],"MicroCT":[114],"analysis":[115,171],"tibial":[117],"revealed":[119],"significant":[120],"differences":[121,133],"parameters":[125,137],"between":[126,141,160],"samples.":[131],"However,":[132],"mandible":[140],"treatment":[143,162],"groups":[144,163],"were":[145],"observed.":[147],"BMD":[148],"determined":[149],"with":[150,172],"microCT":[151],"concentration":[154],"differed":[158],"significantly":[159],"both":[165],"tibia":[167],"mandible.":[169],"Quantitative":[170],"determining":[177],"distribution":[179],"water":[183],"components":[184],"may":[188],"have":[189],"such":[199],"as":[200],"osteoporosis.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}