{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2986897394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging5110085","title":"Endmember Learning with K-Means through SCD Model in Hyperspectral Scene Reconstructions","display_name":"Endmember Learning with K-Means through SCD Model in Hyperspectral Scene Reconstructions","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2986897394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging5110085","mag":"2986897394","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34460508"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging5110085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging5110085","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/5/11/85/pdf?version=1573807583","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/5/11/85/pdf?version=1573807583","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008184102","display_name":"Ayan Chatterjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8016-0965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","display_name":"Cranfield University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cncd958","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I933054736","display_name":"Defence Academy of the United Kingdom","ror":"https://ror.org/03myaza48","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306956679","https://openalex.org/I2802373619","https://openalex.org/I933054736"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ayan Chatterjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber, Cranfield Defence and Security, Cranfield University, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Shrivenham SN6 8LA, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8016-0965","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber, Cranfield Defence and Security, Cranfield University, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Shrivenham SN6 8LA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I933054736","https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009108392","display_name":"Peter Yuen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2493-2534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","display_name":"Cranfield University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cncd958","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I933054736","display_name":"Defence Academy of the United Kingdom","ror":"https://ror.org/03myaza48","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306956679","https://openalex.org/I2802373619","https://openalex.org/I933054736"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter W. T. Yuen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber, Cranfield Defence and Security, Cranfield University, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Shrivenham SN6 8LA, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2493-2534","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber, Cranfield Defence and Security, Cranfield University, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Shrivenham SN6 8LA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I933054736","https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008184102","https://openalex.org/A5009108392"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825","https://openalex.org/I933054736"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.9707,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7438496,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"11","first_page":"85","last_page":"85"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching-pursuit","display_name":"Matching pursuit","score":0.8499876260757446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7587606906890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.7504600882530212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-svd","display_name":"K-SVD","score":0.7195895910263062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endmember","display_name":"Endmember","score":0.7099587321281433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.682720422744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-coding","display_name":"Neural coding","score":0.662945032119751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6197668313980103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparse-approximation","display_name":"Sparse approximation","score":0.5966511964797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dictionary-learning","display_name":"Dictionary learning","score":0.5897918343544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/associative-array","display_name":"Associative array","score":0.5757468938827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5278922319412231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.4652916193008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressed-sensing","display_name":"Compressed sensing","score":0.43195855617523193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1885978877544403}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156872377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6786281","display_name":"Matching pursuit","level":3,"score":0.8499876260757446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7587606906890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.7504600882530212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154771677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17098361","display_name":"K-SVD","level":3,"score":0.7195895910263062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58237817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5376204","display_name":"Endmember","level":3,"score":0.7099587321281433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.682720422744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77637269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7002051","display_name":"Neural coding","level":2,"score":0.662945032119751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6197668313980103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124066611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28684319","display_name":"Sparse approximation","level":2,"score":0.5966511964797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988886741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25304494","display_name":"Dictionary learning","level":3,"score":0.5897918343544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168781493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80585","display_name":"Associative array","level":2,"score":0.5757468938827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5278922319412231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.4652916193008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124851039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665459","display_name":"Compressed sensing","level":2,"score":0.43195855617523193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1885978877544403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging5110085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging5110085","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/5/11/85/pdf?version=1573807583","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34460508","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34460508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:556744a763aa4a73b0d5e7d1e1e32c9e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/556744a763aa4a73b0d5e7d1e1e32c9e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging, Vol 5, Iss 11, p 85 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk:1826/14755","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/14755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401778","display_name":"CERES (Cranfield University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","host_organization_name":"Cranfield University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2313-433X/5/11/85/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging5110085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8321185","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8321185","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Imaging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging5110085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging5110085","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/5/11/85/pdf?version=1573807583","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4860418910","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DSTLX-1000103251","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332972","funder_display_name":"Defence Science and Technology Laboratory"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332972","display_name":"Defence Science and Technology Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04jswqb94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2986897394.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2986897394.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W67912886","https://openalex.org/W1755724306","https://openalex.org/W1972370518","https://openalex.org/W1982207477","https://openalex.org/W2000881221","https://openalex.org/W2007723148","https://openalex.org/W2017014096","https://openalex.org/W2040399008","https://openalex.org/W2081476498","https://openalex.org/W2085529604","https://openalex.org/W2095343758","https://openalex.org/W2103399651","https://openalex.org/W2111649398","https://openalex.org/W2121338139","https://openalex.org/W2130835014","https://openalex.org/W2157321686","https://openalex.org/W2160547390","https://openalex.org/W2163886442","https://openalex.org/W2311995462","https://openalex.org/W2415447328","https://openalex.org/W2532852010","https://openalex.org/W2565046617","https://openalex.org/W2593119406","https://openalex.org/W2622785154","https://openalex.org/W2735968258","https://openalex.org/W2765187063","https://openalex.org/W2767165653","https://openalex.org/W2890344598","https://openalex.org/W2891426572","https://openalex.org/W2895547418","https://openalex.org/W2903452964","https://openalex.org/W2911734256","https://openalex.org/W3099751232","https://openalex.org/W3101195009","https://openalex.org/W3106471904"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992008660","https://openalex.org/W1973732034","https://openalex.org/W4245251483","https://openalex.org/W4254934694","https://openalex.org/W2801169440","https://openalex.org/W2363993830","https://openalex.org/W2167997370","https://openalex.org/W3157385230","https://openalex.org/W2986897394","https://openalex.org/W2097269201"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,86,364],"paper":[1,87],"proposes":[2,88],"a":[3,54,59,92,108,297,340],"simple":[4,298],"yet":[5],"effective":[6],"method":[7,122,142,208,300,371],"for":[8,31,153,215,301],"improving":[9],"the":[10,23,44,67,74,77,82,89,99,103,145,154,160,170,183,202,216,220,235,260,267,276,287,293,302,305,312,317,323,332,359,368,377,385,394],"efficiency":[11,262],"of":[12,21,26,58,66,76,91,102,124,159,172,201,213,240,247,263,280,286,304,335,389],"sparse":[13,48,55,138],"coding":[14,139],"dictionary":[15,60,69,96,140,155,217,306],"learning":[16],"(DL)":[17],"with":[18,135,244,322,376],"an":[19,125,136],"implication":[20],"enhancing":[22],"ultimate":[24],"usefulness":[25],"compressive":[27],"sensing":[28],"(CS)":[29],"technology":[30],"practical":[32],"applications,":[33],"such":[34,143],"as":[35,144,197,199],"in":[36,81,228,256,266,339],"hyperspectral":[37],"imaging":[38],"(HSI)":[39],"scene":[40,84,268,313,391],"reconstruction.":[41],"CS":[42],"is":[43,111,132,167,195,232,238,273,278,320],"technique":[45],"which":[46],"allows":[47],"signals":[49],"to":[50,113,310,330,337,342,383],"be":[51,380,384],"decomposed":[52],"into":[53],"representation":[56],"\"a\"":[57],"D":[61],"u":[62],".":[63],"The":[64,120,157,178],"goodness":[65],"learnt":[68],"has":[70,269,307],"direct":[71],"impacts":[72],"on":[73],"quality":[75],"end":[78],"results,":[79],"e.g.,":[80],"HSI":[83,176,390],"reconstructions.":[85],"construction":[90,303],"concise":[93],"and":[94,106,130,194,374],"comprehensive":[95],"by":[97,357],"using":[98,296,358,372],"cluster":[100],"centres":[101],"input":[104],"dataset,":[105],"then":[107,133],"greedy":[109],"approach":[110],"adopted":[112,255],"learn":[114],"all":[115,252],"elements":[116],"within":[117],"this":[118,229,257],"dictionary.":[119],"proposed":[121,161,184,236,294,318,369],"consists":[123],"unsupervised":[126],"clustering":[127,299],"algorithm":[128,148],"(K-Means),":[129],"it":[131,231,272,348],"coupled":[134],"advanced":[137],"(SCD)":[141],"basis":[146],"pursuit":[147,328],"(orthogonal":[149],"matching":[150,327],"pursuit,":[151],"OMP)":[152],"learning.":[156,218],"effectiveness":[158],"K-Means":[162],"Sparse":[163],"Coding":[164,205],"Dictionary":[165,206],"(KMSCD)":[166],"illustrated":[168],"through":[169],"reconstructions":[171],"several":[173],"publicly":[174],"available":[175],"scenes.":[177],"results":[179,290],"have":[180,225,345],"shown":[181,274,309,346],"that":[182,200,209,224,234,275,285,292,347,355,367],"KMSCD":[185,237,277,319,373],"achieves":[186,349],"~40%":[187],"greater":[188],"accuracy,":[189],"5":[190],"times":[191,352],"faster":[192],"convergence":[193],"twice":[196],"robust":[198],"classic":[203],"Spare":[204],"(C-SCD)":[207],"adopts":[210],"random":[211],"sampling":[212],"data":[214,222],"Over":[219],"five":[221],"sets":[223],"been":[226,270,308],"employed":[227,361],"study,":[230],"seen":[233],"capable":[239,279],"reconstructing":[241],"these":[242],"scenes":[243],"mean":[245],"accuracies":[246],"approximately":[248,350],"20-500%":[249],"better":[250,283,353],"than":[251,284,354],"competing":[253],"algorithms":[254],"work.":[258],"Furthermore,":[259],"reconstruction":[261,314],"trace":[264],"materials":[265,336],"assessed:":[271],"recovering":[281],"~12%":[282],"C-SCD.":[288],"These":[289],"suggest":[291,366],"DL":[295,370],"enhance":[311],"substantially.":[315],"When":[316],"incorporated":[321],"Fast":[324],"non-negative":[325],"orthogonal":[326],"(FNNOMP)":[329],"constrain":[331],"maximum":[333],"number":[334],"coexist":[338],"pixel":[341],"four,":[343],"experiments":[344],"ten":[351],"constrained":[356],"widely":[360],"TMM":[362],"algorithm.":[363],"may":[365],"together":[375],"FNNOMP":[378],"will":[379],"more":[381],"suitable":[382],"material":[386],"allocation":[387],"module":[388],"simulators":[392],"like":[393],"CameoSim":[395],"package.":[396]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}