{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2619672895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging3020018","title":"Real-Time FPGA-Based Object Tracker with Automatic Pan-Tilt Features for Smart Video Surveillance Systems","display_name":"Real-Time FPGA-Based Object Tracker with Automatic Pan-Tilt Features for Smart Video Surveillance Systems","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2619672895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging3020018","mag":"2619672895"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging3020018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging3020018","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/3/2/18/pdf?version=1496225099","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/3/2/18/pdf?version=1496225099","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022334979","display_name":"Sanjay Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2249-799X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41763900","display_name":"Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01hh45364","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I41763900","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sanjay Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIR\u2014Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-CEERI), Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2249-799X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIR\u2014Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-CEERI), Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41763900"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100712113","display_name":"Chandra Shekhar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2114-9096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41763900","display_name":"Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01hh45364","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I41763900","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chandra Shekhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIR\u2014Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-CEERI), Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIR\u2014Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-CEERI), Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41763900"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103115170","display_name":"Anil Vohra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1377-3451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178000100","display_name":"Kurukshetra University","ror":"https://ror.org/019bzvf55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178000100"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anil Vohra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Science Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Science Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178000100"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022334979"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41763900"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.6469,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78185237,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"18","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8280788064002991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.750184178352356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7054060101509094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6411904692649841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.613825798034668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5883281826972961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5078795552253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking-system","display_name":"Tracking system","score":0.4662458002567291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-camera","display_name":"Smart camera","score":0.43246665596961975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-processing","display_name":"Video processing","score":0.4146791696548462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.32255682349205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2870562672615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.11331793665885925}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8280788064002991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.750184178352356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7054060101509094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6411904692649841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.613825798034668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5883281826972961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5078795552253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154586513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4420972","display_name":"Tracking system","level":3,"score":0.4662458002567291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161334170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428778","display_name":"Smart camera","level":2,"score":0.43246665596961975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65483669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3536669","display_name":"Video processing","level":2,"score":0.4146791696548462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.32255682349205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2870562672615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.11331793665885925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging3020018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging3020018","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/3/2/18/pdf?version=1496225099","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5ef505d215d744f4b673929f417b810e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5ef505d215d744f4b673929f417b810e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging, Vol 3, Iss 2, p 18 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging3020018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging3020018","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/3/2/18/pdf?version=1496225099","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":78,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W143501431","https://openalex.org/W1513768190","https://openalex.org/W1558045285","https://openalex.org/W1565469186","https://openalex.org/W1583627941","https://openalex.org/W1949459909","https://openalex.org/W1969405811","https://openalex.org/W1970329952","https://openalex.org/W1980097476","https://openalex.org/W1982729278","https://openalex.org/W1984914017","https://openalex.org/W1992206653","https://openalex.org/W1995903777","https://openalex.org/W2002436298","https://openalex.org/W2020266768","https://openalex.org/W2055883599","https://openalex.org/W2057768335","https://openalex.org/W2071334717","https://openalex.org/W2072204744","https://openalex.org/W2073714196","https://openalex.org/W2088153702","https://openalex.org/W2095988847","https://openalex.org/W2098033903","https://openalex.org/W2098287090","https://openalex.org/W2098876400","https://openalex.org/W2104095591","https://openalex.org/W2104868453","https://openalex.org/W2105238356","https://openalex.org/W2111044444","https://openalex.org/W2111918405","https://openalex.org/W2113425968","https://openalex.org/W2114701396","https://openalex.org/W2116231582","https://openalex.org/W2119032216","https://openalex.org/W2119539043","https://openalex.org/W2121193292","https://openalex.org/W2124211486","https://openalex.org/W2125907508","https://openalex.org/W2126302311","https://openalex.org/W2126698653","https://openalex.org/W2128756769","https://openalex.org/W2130673281","https://openalex.org/W2131768110","https://openalex.org/W2132103241","https://openalex.org/W2133493400","https://openalex.org/W2137458021","https://openalex.org/W2140235142","https://openalex.org/W2146495820","https://openalex.org/W2146771018","https://openalex.org/W2149077040","https://openalex.org/W2150674727","https://openalex.org/W2152363040","https://openalex.org/W2153715347","https://openalex.org/W2158058472","https://openalex.org/W2158901203","https://openalex.org/W2159128898","https://openalex.org/W2159584133","https://openalex.org/W2160337655","https://openalex.org/W2161406034","https://openalex.org/W2161649213","https://openalex.org/W2165797462","https://openalex.org/W2189089931","https://openalex.org/W2288759011","https://openalex.org/W2753461371","https://openalex.org/W4242881733","https://openalex.org/W6605796428","https://openalex.org/W6629256346","https://openalex.org/W6633993318","https://openalex.org/W6646753107","https://openalex.org/W6675815622","https://openalex.org/W6676110426","https://openalex.org/W6678515836","https://openalex.org/W6679341078","https://openalex.org/W6681416285","https://openalex.org/W6681873699","https://openalex.org/W6683523291","https://openalex.org/W6687250209","https://openalex.org/W6696283453"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2318603563","https://openalex.org/W4389850132","https://openalex.org/W1574724839","https://openalex.org/W887692824","https://openalex.org/W2377190948","https://openalex.org/W2354419434","https://openalex.org/W2126857316","https://openalex.org/W2096476311","https://openalex.org/W4361855866","https://openalex.org/W4285271403"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,98],"design":[1,40],"of":[2,18,32,43,53,56,70,73,81,94,170],"smart":[3],"video":[4,60,157],"surveillance":[5],"systems":[6],"is":[7,78],"an":[8,44,54],"active":[9],"research":[10],"field":[11],"among":[12],"the":[13,30,39,71,75,89,95,124,139,144,164,168,171],"computer":[14],"vision":[15],"community":[16],"because":[17],"their":[19],"ability":[20],"to":[21,67],"perform":[22],"automatic":[23,84],"scene":[24,145],"analysis":[25],"by":[26,92,167],"selecting":[27],"and":[28,41,117,134,158],"tracking":[29,52,69,111],"objects":[31],"interest.":[33],"In":[34,65],"this":[35],"paper,":[36],"we":[37],"present":[38,142],"implementation":[42],"FPGA-based":[45],"standalone":[46],"working":[47],"prototype":[48],"system":[49,77,136],"for":[50,62,149],"real-time":[51,68],"object":[55,72,110,141],"interest":[57],"in":[58,88,143,146,163],"live":[59],"streams":[61],"such":[63],"systems.":[64],"addition":[66],"interest,":[74],"implemented":[76,122,135],"also":[79],"capable":[80],"providing":[82],"purposive":[83],"camera":[85,102,114,161],"movement":[86,93,115,162,169],"(pan-tilt)":[87],"direction":[90,165],"determined":[91,166],"tracked":[96,172],"object.":[97,173],"complete":[99],"system,":[100],"including":[101],"interface,":[103,119],"DDR2":[104],"external":[105],"memory":[106],"interface":[107],"controller,":[108],"designed":[109,133],"VLSI":[112],"architecture,":[113],"controller":[116],"display":[118],"has":[120],"been":[121],"on":[123],"Xilinx":[125],"ML510":[126],"(Virtex-5":[127],"FX130T)":[128],"FPGA":[129],"Board.":[130],"Our":[131],"proposed,":[132],"robustly":[137],"tracks":[138],"target":[140],"real":[147],"time":[148],"standard":[150],"PAL":[151],"(720":[152],"\u00d7":[153],"576)":[154],"resolution":[155],"color":[156],"automatically":[159],"controls":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}