{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2607872735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging3020016","title":"Tangent-Based Binary Image Abstraction","display_name":"Tangent-Based Binary Image Abstraction","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2607872735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging3020016","mag":"2607872735"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging3020016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging3020016","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/3/2/16/pdf?version=1493201468","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/3/2/16/pdf?version=1493201468","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100858073","display_name":"Yi\u2010Ta Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2686-4653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Ta Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067307995","display_name":"Jeng-Sheng Yeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192703390","display_name":"Ming Chuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pgvzy25","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192703390"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeng-Sheng Yeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer and Communication Engineering, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan County 333, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer and Communication Engineering, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan County 333, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192703390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102158151","display_name":"Fu\u2010Che Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6241-846X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177918364","display_name":"Providence University","ror":"https://ror.org/03fcpsq87","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177918364"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fu-Che Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Providence University, Taichung City 43301, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Providence University, Taichung City 43301, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177918364"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006990118","display_name":"Yung\u2010Yu Chuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1383-0017"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yung-Yu Chuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102158151"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177918364"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.1849,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55341779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"16","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-image","display_name":"Binary image","score":0.7881007194519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6951355934143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6637847423553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.6110642552375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-image","display_name":"Color image","score":0.6089815497398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction","display_name":"Abstraction","score":0.5987196564674377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.5665720105171204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5629687905311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grayscale","display_name":"Grayscale","score":0.5501622557640076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tone-mapping","display_name":"Tone mapping","score":0.5290400385856628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.5044809579849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-gradient","display_name":"Image gradient","score":0.4586264491081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tangent","display_name":"Tangent","score":0.4514464735984802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-preserving-smoothing","display_name":"Edge-preserving smoothing","score":0.43981948494911194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-texture","display_name":"Image texture","score":0.4355143904685974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-image","display_name":"Digital image","score":0.4325457811355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3918301463127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.37725159525871277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-range","display_name":"Dynamic range","score":0.06575620174407959}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193828747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864118","display_name":"Binary image","level":4,"score":0.7881007194519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6951355934143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6637847423553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6110642552375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142616399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5148604","display_name":"Color image","level":4,"score":0.6089815497398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.5987196564674377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.5665720105171204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5629687905311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78201319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grayscale","level":3,"score":0.5501622557640076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8641274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030958","display_name":"Tone mapping","level":4,"score":0.5290400385856628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.5044809579849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182037307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17039097","display_name":"Image gradient","level":5,"score":0.4586264491081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138187205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131251","display_name":"Tangent","level":2,"score":0.4514464735984802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141651230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337637","display_name":"Edge-preserving smoothing","level":4,"score":0.43981948494911194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63099799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17147001","display_name":"Image texture","level":4,"score":0.4355143904685974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42781572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250322","display_name":"Digital image","level":4,"score":0.4325457811355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3918301463127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.37725159525871277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87133666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161699","display_name":"Dynamic range","level":2,"score":0.06575620174407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780056265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106239881","display_name":"High dynamic range","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging3020016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging3020016","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/3/2/16/pdf?version=1493201468","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7a3ae732c2ec4859b496f90773ed30ba","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7a3ae732c2ec4859b496f90773ed30ba","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging, Vol 3, Iss 2, p 16 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging3020016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging3020016","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/3/2/16/pdf?version=1493201468","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1477586103","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"105-2221-E-126-011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6378400405","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 105-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321040","funder_display_name":"National Science Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321040","display_name":"National Science Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2607872735.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2607872735.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491024554","https://openalex.org/W1638919170","https://openalex.org/W1975362666","https://openalex.org/W1982446433","https://openalex.org/W1989800297","https://openalex.org/W1993935870","https://openalex.org/W1995866471","https://openalex.org/W2003099669","https://openalex.org/W2003370853","https://openalex.org/W2005047329","https://openalex.org/W2032837934","https://openalex.org/W2065653612","https://openalex.org/W2067887288","https://openalex.org/W2073470731","https://openalex.org/W2081493228","https://openalex.org/W2097511706","https://openalex.org/W2099244020","https://openalex.org/W2112533792","https://openalex.org/W2122069218","https://openalex.org/W2127393810","https://openalex.org/W2128060444","https://openalex.org/W2145023731","https://openalex.org/W2146578165","https://openalex.org/W2147469781","https://openalex.org/W2159978942","https://openalex.org/W2160164100","https://openalex.org/W2167253865","https://openalex.org/W2202853725","https://openalex.org/W2240509208","https://openalex.org/W2294269662","https://openalex.org/W2294312922","https://openalex.org/W2610881169","https://openalex.org/W2997182471","https://openalex.org/W4290619234","https://openalex.org/W6636686307","https://openalex.org/W6675077989"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983191497","https://openalex.org/W2369211336","https://openalex.org/W3143594332","https://openalex.org/W2069804294","https://openalex.org/W2406473909","https://openalex.org/W2724804683","https://openalex.org/W2389819866","https://openalex.org/W2368736383","https://openalex.org/W2389195391","https://openalex.org/W2131102098"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,79,111],"present":[1],"a":[2,10,16,49,106,143],"tangent":[3,73],"flow-based":[4],"image":[5,14,43,86,104,108,118,131],"abstraction":[6],"framework":[7],"that":[8,31],"turns":[9],"color":[11],"or":[12],"grayscale":[13],"into":[15,105],"two-tone":[17,50,107,149],"image,":[18],"which":[19],"contains":[20],"only":[21],"black":[22],"and":[23,95],"white":[24],"color,":[25],"but":[26,120],"retains":[27],"sufficient":[28,122],"information":[29,56,123],"such":[30],"the":[32,37,41,46,53,60,63,67,72,84,89,103,114,117,126,130,136,148],"viewer":[33],"can":[34,112,155],"still":[35],"recognize":[36],"main":[38,127],"content":[39,69],"of":[40,48,116,129,138],"original":[42],"by":[44,59,71],"observing":[45],"output":[47],"image.":[51,150,160],"Usually,":[52],"relevant":[54],"visual":[55],"is":[57],"presented":[58],"edge.":[61],"Thus,":[62],"algorithm":[64],"will":[65],"enhance":[66,96],"edge":[68],"first":[70],"flow":[74],"to":[75,82,87,124,146],"preserve":[76],"its":[77],"detail.":[78],"use":[80],"filters":[81],"smooth":[83,147],"input":[85],"reduce":[88,113],"contrast":[90,93],"in":[91],"low":[92],"regions":[94],"some":[97],"important":[98],"features.":[99],"Then":[100],"we":[101,141,154],"turn":[102],"as":[109],"output.":[110],"size":[115],"significantly":[119],"retain":[121],"capture":[125],"point":[128],"through":[132],"our":[133,139],"method.":[134],"At":[135],"end":[137],"process,":[140],"provide":[142],"smoothing":[144],"step":[145],"Through":[151],"this":[152],"step,":[153],"get":[156],"an":[157],"artistic":[158],"black-and-white":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
