{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162665632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging12060233","title":"Brain Tumor Classification in MRI Images Using Combined Transfer Learning and Convolutional Neural Networks","display_name":"Brain Tumor Classification in MRI Images Using Combined Transfer Learning and Convolutional Neural Networks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162665632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging12060233","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42346896"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging12060233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging12060233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging12060233","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121619109","display_name":"Maisam Abbas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99908691","display_name":"Yuan Ze University","ror":"https://ror.org/01fv1ds98","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maisam Abbas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Yuandong Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9308-5917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Yuandong Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051314572","display_name":"Muhammad Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8303-8351"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99908691","display_name":"Yuan Ze University","ror":"https://ror.org/01fv1ds98","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Yuandong Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7745-3221","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Yuandong Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137199442","display_name":"Ran-Zan Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99908691","display_name":"Yuan Ze University","ror":"https://ror.org/01fv1ds98","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ran-Zan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Yuandong Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Yuandong Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009442744","display_name":"Chin-Hung Teng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2152-3359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99908691","display_name":"Yuan Ze University","ror":"https://ror.org/01fv1ds98","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Hung Teng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Communication, Yuan Ze University, Yuandong Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2152-3359","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Communication, Yuan Ze University, Yuandong Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63520055,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"6","first_page":"233","last_page":"233"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9217000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9217000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.035999998450279236,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10129","display_name":"Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.0066999997943639755,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7588000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6046000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5412999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5210999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-forecasting","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","score":0.4821999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tumor","display_name":"Brain tumor","score":0.47290000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.41449999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8695999979972839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7588000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7577999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6046000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5412999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5210999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119898033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433888","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","level":2,"score":0.4821999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779130545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233309","display_name":"Brain tumor","level":2,"score":0.47290000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3546000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35429999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.3427000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.2678000032901764}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging12060233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging12060233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42346896","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42346896","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of imaging","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7b48a96f6c6f4222a763011a569f3ed6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7b48a96f6c6f4222a763011a569f3ed6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging, Vol 12, Iss 6, p 233 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13301762","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13301762/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Imaging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging12060233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging12060233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Early":[0],"and":[1,41,80,95,104,112,152],"accurate":[2],"brain":[3,19,62,156],"tumor":[4,20,157],"detection":[5],"is":[6],"vital":[7],"for":[8,17,33,154],"effective":[9],"treatment.":[10],"We":[11],"propose":[12],"a":[13,23,82],"deep":[14],"learning":[15,94],"framework":[16],"MRI-based":[18],"classification,":[21],"featuring":[22],"novel":[24],"Custom":[25,69,139],"CNN":[26,70,140],"evaluated":[27],"independently":[28],"alongside":[29],"six":[30],"pre-trained":[31,102,108],"models":[32,47,103],"comparative":[34],"analysis":[35],"(InceptionV3,":[36],"EfficientNetV2L,":[37],"ResNet152V2,":[38],"Xception,":[39],"VGG16,":[40],"MobileNetV2).":[42],"Additionally,":[43],"three":[44],"separate":[45],"ensemble":[46,105,121,146],"are":[48],"constructed":[49],"to":[50],"analyze":[51],"whether":[52],"model":[53,122],"combination":[54],"improves":[55],"performance.":[56],"Experiments":[57],"conducted":[58],"on":[59],"the":[60,67,72,119,137],"Kaggle-Multiclass":[61],"MRI":[63],"dataset":[64],"show":[65,115],"that":[66,87,136],"proposed":[68,138],"achieves":[71,88,123],"best":[73,120],"performance,":[74],"with":[75],"an":[76],"accuracy":[77],"of":[78],"99.54%,":[79],"features":[81],"task-specific":[83],"architecture":[84],"(0.57M":[85],"parameters)":[86],"superior":[89,142],"performance":[90,143],"through":[91],"domain-specific":[92],"feature":[93],"computational":[96],"efficiency,":[97],"thus":[98,148],"outperforming":[99],"both":[100],"individual":[101],"approaches.":[106],"Among":[107],"models,":[109],"EfficientNetV2L":[110],"(99.47%)":[111],"InceptionV3":[113],"(99.39%)":[114],"competitive":[116],"results,":[117],"while":[118],"99.47%":[124],"accuracy,":[125],"indicating":[126],"clinical":[127],"deployment":[128],"potential":[129],"pending":[130],"external":[131],"validation.":[132],"These":[133],"results":[134],"demonstrate":[135],"provides":[141],"without":[144],"requiring":[145],"complexity,":[147],"highlighting":[149],"its":[150],"effectiveness":[151],"efficiency":[153],"automated":[155],"classification.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-27T08:26:11.824852","created_date":"2026-05-29T00:00:00"}
