{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162687363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging12060232","title":"Systems-Level Support for Hybrid Quantum-Classical Learning: A Systematic Review with a Medical Imaging Translation Lens","display_name":"Systems-Level Support for Hybrid Quantum-Classical Learning: A Systematic Review with a Medical Imaging Translation Lens","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162687363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging12060232","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42346895"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging12060232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging12060232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging12060232","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090407237","display_name":"Maqsudur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4986-1763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120156002","display_name":"Boise State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e3zdp86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I288011450","display_name":"Comilla University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bnddg69","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I288011450"]}],"countries":["BD","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maqsudur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA","Department of Inforamtion and Communication Technology, Comilla University, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5240-0662","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Inforamtion and Communication Technology, Comilla University, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288011450"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052727910","display_name":"Pintu Chandra Paul","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I288011450","display_name":"Comilla University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bnddg69","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I288011450"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pintu Chandra Paul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Inforamtion and Communication Technology, Comilla University, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Inforamtion and Communication Technology, Comilla University, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288011450"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111017839","display_name":"Amena Begum","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I288011450","display_name":"Comilla University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bnddg69","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I288011450"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amena Begum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Inforamtion and Communication Technology, Comilla University, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Inforamtion and Communication Technology, Comilla University, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288011450"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111062911","display_name":"Kashmi Sultana","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I288011450","display_name":"Comilla University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bnddg69","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I288011450"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kashmi Sultana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Inforamtion and Communication Technology, Comilla University, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Inforamtion and Communication Technology, Comilla University, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288011450"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045539783","display_name":"Nahida Akter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5441-8429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I288011450","display_name":"Comilla University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bnddg69","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I288011450"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nahida Akter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Inforamtion and Communication Technology, Comilla University, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0069-4797","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Inforamtion and Communication Technology, Comilla University, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288011450"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136308531","display_name":"Anup Majumder","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46080048","display_name":"Jahangirnagar University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywb0864","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anup Majumder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar 1342, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar 1342, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137294517","display_name":"Mengran Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102879","display_name":"Applied Materials (Singapore)","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4r0z03","country_code":"SG","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193427800","https://openalex.org/I4210102879"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengran Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aurorie PTE Ltd., 68 Circular Road, #02-01, Singapore 118261, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aurorie PTE Ltd., 68 Circular Road, #02-01, Singapore 118261, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137240420","display_name":"Ze Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2092-905X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ze Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2092-905X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111345675","display_name":"Wangjiaxuan Xin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wangjiaxuan Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software and Information Systems, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5073-097X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software and Information Systems, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137209545","display_name":"Xin Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137250366","display_name":"Jun Zhuang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120156002","display_name":"Boise State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e3zdp86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50720165,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"6","first_page":"232","last_page":"232"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.8981999754905701,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.8981999754905701,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.009700000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13182","display_name":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","score":0.006000000052154064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-system","display_name":"Hybrid system","score":0.5848000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.5095000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5037000179290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upload","display_name":"Upload","score":0.46369999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.4571000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retraining","display_name":"Retraining","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline-transport","display_name":"Pipeline transport","score":0.38420000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.36059999465942383}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7181000113487244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50897621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665508","display_name":"Hybrid system","level":2,"score":0.5848000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.5095000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5037000179290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71901391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126699","display_name":"Upload","level":2,"score":0.46369999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4586000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.4571000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505966","display_name":"Retraining","level":2,"score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175309249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725864","display_name":"Pipeline transport","level":2,"score":0.38420000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.36059999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.3447999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.3285999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164614171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5204775","display_name":"DECIPHER","level":2,"score":0.27410000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2590999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31352089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3750474","display_name":"Systems design","level":2,"score":0.25440001487731934}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging12060232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging12060232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42346895","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42346895","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3c3fc2c30a8747d58e3fc569ff6f23a0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3c3fc2c30a8747d58e3fc569ff6f23a0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging, Vol 12, Iss 6, p 232 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13301815","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13301815/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Imaging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging12060232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging12060232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1631356911","https://openalex.org/W2049471987","https://openalex.org/W2553156677","https://openalex.org/W2577784528","https://openalex.org/W2781738013","https://openalex.org/W2890123008","https://openalex.org/W2962762068","https://openalex.org/W2989257188","https://openalex.org/W2998239226","https://openalex.org/W3000698183","https://openalex.org/W3036586801","https://openalex.org/W3047634080","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3167224217","https://openalex.org/W4206676556","https://openalex.org/W4293025139","https://openalex.org/W4309713817","https://openalex.org/W4312189222","https://openalex.org/W4317436377","https://openalex.org/W4386746261","https://openalex.org/W4388411357","https://openalex.org/W4389158819","https://openalex.org/W4389159477","https://openalex.org/W4391280518","https://openalex.org/W4394779364","https://openalex.org/W4401025966","https://openalex.org/W4402835665","https://openalex.org/W4405488750","https://openalex.org/W4407044454","https://openalex.org/W4408749717","https://openalex.org/W4409683592","https://openalex.org/W4410034945","https://openalex.org/W7127929454"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hybrid":[0],"quantum-classical":[1,46,176],"learning":[2,30],"pipelines":[3,178],"combine":[4],"conventional":[5],"accelerators,":[6],"quantum":[7,10,28],"runtimes,":[8],"and":[9,19,41,72,79,92,120,140,156,169],"processing":[11],"units":[12],"(QPUs),":[13],"creating":[14],"scheduling,":[15],"memory,":[16],"isolation,":[17,155],"encoding,":[18],"deployment":[20],"challenges":[21],"that":[22,98],"are":[23],"not":[24],"captured":[25],"by":[26,85],"application-level":[27],"machine":[29],"surveys":[31],"alone.":[32],"This":[33],"paper":[34],"presents":[35],"a":[36,53,64,165],"systematic":[37],"review":[38,66],"of":[39],"runtime":[40],"systems":[42,86,108,124],"mechanisms":[43],"for":[44,147,173],"hybrid":[45,133,175],"workloads,":[47],"with":[48,105],"medical":[49,103,114],"imaging":[50,177],"used":[51],"as":[52,58],"translation":[54],"lens":[55],"rather":[56],"than":[57],"an":[59,162],"exclusive":[60],"inclusion":[61],"boundary.":[62],"Following":[63],"PRISMA-aligned":[65],"process,":[67],"we":[68],"screened":[69],"364":[70],"records":[71],"synthesized":[73],"40":[74],"studies":[75,111],"published":[76],"between":[77],"2020":[78],"2025.":[80],"Each":[81],"study":[82],"was":[83],"coded":[84],"layer,":[87],"application":[88],"grounding,":[89],"noisy-label":[90,157],"relevance,":[91],"evaluation":[93],"maturity.":[94],"The":[95],"coding":[96],"shows":[97],"the":[99,127,129],"corpus":[100],"combines":[101],"direct":[102],"evidence":[104,144,163,167],"broader":[106],"transferable":[107],"evidence:":[109],"8":[110],"directly":[112],"evaluated":[113],"data,":[115],"12":[116],"were":[117,122],"medically":[118],"motivated,":[119],"20":[121],"generic":[123],"studies.":[125],"Across":[126],"corpus,":[128],"strongest":[130],"support":[131],"concerns":[132],"orchestration,":[134],"qubit/resource":[135],"allocation,":[136],"classical-quantum":[137],"data":[138],"movement,":[139],"container-based":[141],"reproducibility,":[142],"whereas":[143],"remains":[145],"limited":[146],"realistic":[148],"clinical":[149],"operation,":[150],"end-to-end":[151],"remote-QPU":[152],"workflows,":[153],"multi-tenant":[154],"retraining":[158],"loops.":[159],"We":[160],"contribute":[161],"map,":[164],"direct/indirect/interpretive":[166],"distinction,":[168],"cross-layer":[170],"design":[171],"guidelines":[172],"future":[174],"in":[179],"regulated":[180],"settings.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2026-05-29T00:00:00"}
