{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416955396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11120426","title":"Lightweight 3D CNN for MRI Analysis in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Balancing Accuracy and Efficiency","display_name":"Lightweight 3D CNN for MRI Analysis in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Balancing Accuracy and Efficiency","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416955396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11120426","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41440565"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging11120426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11120426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11120426","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020994807","display_name":"Kerang Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4053-7166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48780066","display_name":"Shenyang University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbpdh75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kerang Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110000, China","Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology of Chemical Process Industry in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110142, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4053-7166","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology of Chemical Process Industry in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110142, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhongqing Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0659-1066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48780066","display_name":"Shenyang University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbpdh75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongqing Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110000, China","Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology of Chemical Process Industry in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110142, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0659-1066","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology of Chemical Process Industry in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110142, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007847919","display_name":"Chengkui Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4328-466X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48780066","display_name":"Shenyang University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbpdh75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengkui Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110000, China","Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology of Chemical Process Industry in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110142, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology of Chemical Process Industry in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110142, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104093414","display_name":"Jiaming Du","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48780066","display_name":"Shenyang University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbpdh75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaming Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110000, China","Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology of Chemical Process Industry in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110142, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology of Chemical Process Industry in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110142, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lele Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0799-2654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48780066","display_name":"Shenyang University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbpdh75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lele Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110000, China","Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology of Chemical Process Industry in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110142, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0799-2654","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology of Chemical Process Industry in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110142, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033114960","display_name":"Hoe-Kyung Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7607-1126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110118728","display_name":"Pai Chai University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drcjw53","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110118728"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoekyung Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Engineering Department, Paichai University, Daejeon 35345, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7607-1126","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Department, Paichai University, Daejeon 35345, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110118728"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Minghui Geng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6002-3239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48780066","display_name":"Shenyang University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbpdh75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minghui Geng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110000, China","Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology of Chemical Process Industry in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110142, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6002-3239","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology of Chemical Process Industry in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110142, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020994807"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":1.0015,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82801929,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"12","first_page":"426","last_page":"426"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.3698999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.3698999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.1818999946117401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.1251000016927719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7009000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6794000267982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pruning","display_name":"Pruning","score":0.6327999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5236999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5184000134468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5151000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5133000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.4440000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7009000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6794000267982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6654000282287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108010975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500094","display_name":"Pruning","level":2,"score":0.6327999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5236999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5184000134468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5151000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5133000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44609999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.4440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4408999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780898871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance metric","level":2,"score":0.4361000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.391400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.37540000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.350600004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66905080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005494","display_name":"Binary classification","level":3,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.3424000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87335442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2494345","display_name":"Local binary patterns","level":4,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2648000121116638}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging11120426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11120426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41440565","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41440565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d89dcb0774cc4c329fe09bab0e55c4dd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d89dcb0774cc4c329fe09bab0e55c4dd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging, Vol 11, Iss 12, p 426 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12734304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12734304/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Imaging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging11120426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11120426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963125010","https://openalex.org/W2982083293","https://openalex.org/W2995495466","https://openalex.org/W3108850228","https://openalex.org/W3157129463","https://openalex.org/W3201042424","https://openalex.org/W4221163766","https://openalex.org/W4312213462","https://openalex.org/W4318913750","https://openalex.org/W4390505500","https://openalex.org/W4391507854","https://openalex.org/W4391512868","https://openalex.org/W4391520125","https://openalex.org/W4402609411","https://openalex.org/W4402903455","https://openalex.org/W4403413046","https://openalex.org/W4403905010","https://openalex.org/W4404640966","https://openalex.org/W4404908318","https://openalex.org/W4405219981","https://openalex.org/W4405702573","https://openalex.org/W4407668521","https://openalex.org/W4408200262","https://openalex.org/W4408500402","https://openalex.org/W4410297448","https://openalex.org/W4411853523","https://openalex.org/W4411868327","https://openalex.org/W4412386373","https://openalex.org/W4413806687","https://openalex.org/W4414404842","https://openalex.org/W4414540516"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Alzheimer's":[0,124,204],"disease":[1,205],"(AD)":[2],"is":[3,147,163],"a":[4,57,64,88,102,129,140,148,194],"progressive":[5],"neurodegenerative":[6],"disorder":[7],"characterized":[8],"by":[9],"subtle":[10],"structural":[11,79],"changes":[12],"in":[13,203],"the":[14,123,137,154,168,182],"brain,":[15],"which":[16,162],"can":[17],"be":[18],"observed":[19],"through":[20],"MRI":[21],"scans.":[22],"Although":[23],"traditional":[24],"diagnostic":[25,49,191],"approaches":[26],"rely":[27],"on":[28,122],"clinical":[29,201],"and":[30,81,101,175,199],"neuropsychological":[31],"assessments,":[32],"deep":[33],"learning-based":[34],"methods":[35],"such":[36],"as":[37,153],"3D":[38],"convolutional":[39],"neural":[40],"networks":[41],"(CNNs)":[42],"have":[43],"recently":[44],"been":[45],"introduced":[46],"to":[47],"improve":[48],"accuracy.":[50],"However,":[51],"their":[52],"high":[53,110],"computational":[54,176],"complexity":[55],"remains":[56],"challenge.":[58],"To":[59],"address":[60],"this,":[61],"we":[62],"propose":[63],"lightweight":[65],"magnetic":[66],"resonance":[67],"imaging":[68],"(MRI)":[69],"classification":[70,111,155],"framework":[71,119,184],"that":[72,181],"integrates":[73],"adaptive":[74],"multi-scale":[75],"feature":[76],"extraction":[77],"with":[78,91],"pruning":[80],"parameter":[82],"optimization.":[83],"The":[84,117],"pruned":[85],"model":[86,103,138],"achieving":[87],"compact":[89],"architecture":[90],"approximately":[92,164],"490k":[93],"parameters":[94,159],"(0.49":[95],"million),":[96],"4.39":[97],"billion":[98],"floating-point":[99],"operations,":[100],"size":[104],"of":[105,143],"1.9":[106],"MB,":[107],"while":[108],"maintaining":[109],"performance":[112,141],"across":[113],"three":[114],"binary":[115],"tasks.":[116],"proposed":[118,183],"was":[120],"evaluated":[121],"Disease":[125],"Neuroimaging":[126],"Initiative":[127],"dataset,":[128],"widely":[130],"used":[131],"benchmark":[132],"for":[133,197],"AD":[134],"research.":[135],"Notably,":[136],"achieves":[139],"density(PD)":[142],"189.87,":[144],"where":[145],"PD":[146],"custom":[149],"efficiency":[150],"metric":[151],"defined":[152],"accuracy":[156,174],"per":[157],"million":[158],"(%":[160],"pm),":[161],"70\u00d7":[165],"higher":[166],"than":[167],"basemodel,":[169],"reflecting":[170],"its":[171],"balance":[172],"between":[173],"efficiency.":[177],"Experimental":[178],"results":[179],"demonstrate":[180],"significantly":[185],"reduces":[186],"resource":[187],"consumption":[188],"without":[189],"compromising":[190],"performance,":[192],"providing":[193],"practical":[195],"foundation":[196],"real-time":[198],"resource-constrained":[200],"applications":[202],"detection.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-24T08:33:08.758527","created_date":"2025-12-03T00:00:00"}