{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415250252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11100367","title":"ImbDef-GAN: Defect Image-Generation Method Based on Sample Imbalance","display_name":"ImbDef-GAN: Defect Image-Generation Method Based on Sample Imbalance","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415250252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11100367","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41150043"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging11100367","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11100367","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/11/10/367/pdf?version=1760621653","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/11/10/367/pdf?version=1760621653","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007090302","display_name":"Dengbiao Jiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096899","display_name":"Jiangsu University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00tyjp878","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096899"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dengbiao Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Nian Tao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096899","display_name":"Jiangsu University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00tyjp878","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096899"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nian Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kelong Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096899","display_name":"Jiangsu University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00tyjp878","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096899"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kelong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100377935","display_name":"Yiming Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5932-4371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153035","display_name":"Shanghai Construction Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/04azzhq34","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153035"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tofflon Science & Technology Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tofflon Science & Technology Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153035"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036863977","display_name":"Haijian Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-0788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096899","display_name":"Jiangsu University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00tyjp878","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096899"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haijian Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-0788","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096899"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007090302"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096899"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":1.5554,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86170384,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":"367","last_page":"367"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.6226999759674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5537999868392944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5249000191688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminator","display_name":"Discriminator","score":0.4668999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.4323999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.4293999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-warping","display_name":"Image warping","score":0.4115000069141388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6988999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.6226999759674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5537999868392944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5249000191688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779803651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282088","display_name":"Discriminator","level":3,"score":0.4668999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.4323999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.4293999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157202957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1659609","display_name":"Image warping","level":2,"score":0.4115000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.39579999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3937000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3801000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.3659000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.36419999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.3483999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106430172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002272","display_name":"Image restoration","level":4,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.31709998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93361087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4426698","display_name":"Data consistency","level":2,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.2700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.25429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63099799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17147001","display_name":"Image texture","level":4,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging11100367","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11100367","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/11/10/367/pdf?version=1760621653","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41150043","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41150043","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5b06fe042ee148a1866fef94cd6db7a0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5b06fe042ee148a1866fef94cd6db7a0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 367 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11372512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12565522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging11100367","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11100367","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/11/10/367/pdf?version=1760621653","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415250252.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2948982773","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963306805","https://openalex.org/W3034314048","https://openalex.org/W3035574324","https://openalex.org/W3040266635","https://openalex.org/W3120387510","https://openalex.org/W3137333070","https://openalex.org/W3166166117","https://openalex.org/W3170790383","https://openalex.org/W4225321635","https://openalex.org/W4312239247","https://openalex.org/W4360838197","https://openalex.org/W4375861378","https://openalex.org/W4382240612","https://openalex.org/W4386072096","https://openalex.org/W4393158136","https://openalex.org/W4393159787","https://openalex.org/W4396767585","https://openalex.org/W4400033693","https://openalex.org/W4410773750","https://openalex.org/W4413157265"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,91,141,190],"industrial":[1],"settings,":[2],"defect":[3,27,52,58,69,83,143,158,162,170,185],"detection":[4,259],"using":[5],"deep":[6],"learning":[7],"typically":[8],"requires":[9],"large":[10],"numbers":[11],"of":[12,26,32,231],"defective":[13,16],"samples.":[14],"However,":[15],"products":[17],"are":[18,238],"rare":[19],"on":[20,87,214],"production":[21],"lines,":[22],"creating":[23],"a":[24,41,96,130,153,165,197,242,247],"scarcity":[25],"samples":[28,33],"and":[29,64,67,81,105,122,175,187,196,204,229],"an":[30,192],"overabundance":[31],"that":[34,156,220,253],"contain":[35],"only":[36],"background.":[37,90],"We":[38],"introduce":[39],"ImbDef-GAN,":[40],"sample":[42,262],"imbalance":[43],"generative":[44],"framework,":[45],"to":[46,125,240],"address":[47],"three":[48],"persistent":[49],"limitations":[50],"in":[51,74,129,225,250],"image":[53,79,84,104,186],"generation:":[54],"unnatural":[55],"transitions":[56],"at":[57],"background":[59,78,93,103,135,150],"boundaries,":[60],"misalignment":[61],"between":[62,183],"defects":[63],"their":[65],"masks,":[66],"out-of-bounds":[68],"placement.":[70],"The":[71],"framework":[72],"operates":[73],"two":[75],"stages:":[76],"(i)":[77],"generation":[80,85],"(ii)":[82],"conditioned":[86],"the":[88,92,102,142,146,149,168,208,215,227,235,254],"generated":[89,232,236],"image-generation":[94,144],"stage,":[95,145],"lightweight":[97],"StyleGAN3":[98],"variant":[99],"jointly":[100],"generates":[101],"its":[106,188],"segmentation":[107],"mask.":[108,189],"A":[109,177],"Progress-coupled":[110],"Gated":[111],"Detail":[112],"Injection":[113],"module":[114],"uses":[115],"global":[116],"scheduling":[117],"driven":[118],"by":[119],"training":[120,139],"progress":[121],"per-pixel":[123],"gating":[124],"inject":[126],"high-frequency":[127],"information":[128],"controlled":[131],"manner,":[132],"thereby":[133],"enhancing":[134],"detail":[136],"while":[137],"preserving":[138],"stability.":[140],"design":[147],"augments":[148],"generator":[151],"with":[152,164],"residual":[154],"branch":[155],"extracts":[157],"features.":[159],"By":[160],"blending":[161],"features":[163],"smoothing":[166],"coefficient,":[167],"resulting":[169],"boundaries":[171],"transition":[172],"more":[173],"naturally":[174],"gradually.":[176],"mask-aware":[178],"matching":[179],"discriminator":[180],"enforces":[181],"consistency":[182],"each":[184],"addition,":[191],"Edge":[193],"Structure":[194],"Loss":[195,200],"Region":[198],"Consistency":[199],"strengthen":[201],"morphological":[202],"fidelity":[203],"spatial":[205],"constraints":[206],"within":[207],"valid":[209],"mask":[210],"region.":[211],"Extensive":[212],"experiments":[213],"MVTec":[216],"AD":[217],"dataset":[218],"demonstrate":[219],"ImbDef-GAN":[221],"surpasses":[222],"existing":[223],"methods":[224],"both":[226],"realism":[228],"diversity":[230],"defects.":[233],"When":[234],"data":[237],"used":[239],"train":[241],"downstream":[243],"detector,":[244],"YOLOv11":[245],"achieves":[246],"5.4%":[248],"improvement":[249],"mAP@0.5,":[251],"indicating":[252],"proposed":[255],"approach":[256],"effectively":[257],"improves":[258],"accuracy":[260],"under":[261],"imbalance.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-16T00:00:00"}