{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407626801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11020059","title":"Applications of Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, and Machine Learning to Support the Analysis of Microscopic Images of Cells and Tissues","display_name":"Applications of Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, and Machine Learning to Support the Analysis of Microscopic Images of Cells and Tissues","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407626801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11020059","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39997561"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging11020059","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11020059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11020059","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100607733","display_name":"Muhammad Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7913-704X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150906","display_name":"Ri.MED","ror":"https://ror.org/05qetrn02","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150906"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I900890020","display_name":"University of Palermo","ror":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy","Ri.MED Foundation, Via Bandiera 11, 90133 Palermo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7913-704X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ri.MED Foundation, Via Bandiera 11, 90133 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014395458","display_name":"Viviana Benfante","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3629-355X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163675","display_name":"La Maddalena","ror":"https://ror.org/04st1y556","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163675"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I900890020","display_name":"University of Palermo","ror":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Viviana Benfante","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Diagnostic Imaging\u2014INNOVA Project, Department of Radiological Sciences, A.R.N.A.S. Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli Hospitals, P.zza N. Leotta 4, 90127 Palermo, Italy","Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy","Pharmaceutical Factory, La Maddalena S.P.A., Via San Lorenzo Colli, 312/d, 90146 Palermo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3629-355X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Diagnostic Imaging\u2014INNOVA Project, Department of Radiological Sciences, A.R.N.A.S. Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli Hospitals, P.zza N. Leotta 4, 90127 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmaceutical Factory, La Maddalena S.P.A., Via San Lorenzo Colli, 312/d, 90146 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163675"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107666043","display_name":"Ghazal Basirinia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150906","display_name":"Ri.MED","ror":"https://ror.org/05qetrn02","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150906"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I900890020","display_name":"University of Palermo","ror":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghazal Basirinia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy","Ri.MED Foundation, Via Bandiera 11, 90133 Palermo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ri.MED Foundation, Via Bandiera 11, 90133 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020586666","display_name":"Pierpaolo Alongi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8397-1640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I900890020","display_name":"University of Palermo","ror":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierpaolo Alongi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Diagnostic Imaging\u2014INNOVA Project, Department of Radiological Sciences, A.R.N.A.S. Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli Hospitals, P.zza N. Leotta 4, 90127 Palermo, Italy","Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8397-1640","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Diagnostic Imaging\u2014INNOVA Project, Department of Radiological Sciences, A.R.N.A.S. Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli Hospitals, P.zza N. Leotta 4, 90127 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107666044","display_name":"Alessandro Sperandeo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163675","display_name":"La Maddalena","ror":"https://ror.org/04st1y556","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163675"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Sperandeo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmaceutical Factory, La Maddalena S.P.A., Via San Lorenzo Colli, 312/d, 90146 Palermo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmaceutical Factory, La Maddalena S.P.A., Via San Lorenzo Colli, 312/d, 90146 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163675"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036709756","display_name":"Alberto Quattrocchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7034-4915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I900890020","display_name":"University of Palermo","ror":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Quattrocchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathologic Anatomy Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7034-4915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathologic Anatomy Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046709453","display_name":"Antonino Giulio Giannone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1219-627X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I900890020","display_name":"University of Palermo","ror":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonino Giulio Giannone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathologic Anatomy Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1219-627X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathologic Anatomy Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010187100","display_name":"Daniela Cabibi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6571-6577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I900890020","display_name":"University of Palermo","ror":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniela Cabibi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathologic Anatomy Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6571-6577","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathologic Anatomy Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014124403","display_name":"Anthony Yezzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3771-4889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Yezzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076436874","display_name":"Domenico Di Raimondo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4529-3703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I900890020","display_name":"University of Palermo","ror":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Domenico Di Raimondo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4529-3703","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029938834","display_name":"Antonino Tuttolomondo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-7318"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I900890020","display_name":"University of Palermo","ror":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonino Tuttolomondo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-7318","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I900890020"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006558800","display_name":"Albert Comelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9290-6103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150906","display_name":"Ri.MED","ror":"https://ror.org/05qetrn02","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150906"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Albert Comelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ri.MED Foundation, Via Bandiera 11, 90133 Palermo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9290-6103","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ri.MED Foundation, Via Bandiera 11, 90133 Palermo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150906"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006558800","https://openalex.org/A5014395458"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150906","https://openalex.org/I4210163675","https://openalex.org/I900890020"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":62.4502,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99952727,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"59","last_page":"59"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.8033006191253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7620165348052979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.7148862481117249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6164743304252625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5436375141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.49145781993865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.48441770672798157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47246503829956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4448370039463043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-analysis","display_name":"Image analysis","score":0.43408524990081787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.41306740045547485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.29123950004577637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-image-annotation","display_name":"Automatic image annotation","score":0.20159053802490234}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8033006191253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7620165348052979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.7148862481117249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6164743304252625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5436375141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.49145781993865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.48441770672798157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47246503829956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4448370039463043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28435686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860755","display_name":"Image analysis","level":5,"score":0.43408524990081787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.41306740045547485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.29123950004577637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199579030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2851778","display_name":"Automatic image annotation","level":4,"score":0.20159053802490234}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging11020059","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11020059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39997561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39997561","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c109718c57d64802828b4cd62b0c19a3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c109718c57d64802828b4cd62b0c19a3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging, Vol 11, Iss 2, p 59 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unipa.it:10447/673563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10447/673563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401065","display_name":"Nova Science Publishers (Nova Science Publishers, Inc.)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11856378","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11856378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Imaging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging11020059","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11020059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2406029309","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CUP D73C22OO2090001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2447343683","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ECS00000017\u2014CUP B83C22003930001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2735371901","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-22-1-0267","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8074047699","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PNC-E3-2022-23681266 PNCHTS-DA 1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":194,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W75889679","https://openalex.org/W1873332500","https://openalex.org/W1929795771","https://openalex.org/W2086844465","https://openalex.org/W2142533124","https://openalex.org/W2257089498","https://openalex.org/W2430469483","https://openalex.org/W2481995907","https://openalex.org/W2500751094","https://openalex.org/W2548342201","https://openalex.org/W2568869761","https://openalex.org/W2607941059","https://openalex.org/W2616958274","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2790196831","https://openalex.org/W2804757245","https://openalex.org/W2809254203","https://openalex.org/W2897433184","https://openalex.org/W2905502540","https://openalex.org/W2907365074","https://openalex.org/W2910145701","https://openalex.org/W2912269064","https://openalex.org/W2913292019","https://openalex.org/W2914272101","https://openalex.org/W2921488690","https://openalex.org/W2953914369","https://openalex.org/W2957777252","https://openalex.org/W2971856281","https://openalex.org/W2975317124","https://openalex.org/W2975790795","https://openalex.org/W2979751829","https://openalex.org/W2981009032","https://openalex.org/W2986934761","https://openalex.org/W3000991698","https://openalex.org/W3004868960","https://openalex.org/W3004996399","https://openalex.org/W3006347611","https://openalex.org/W3008299124","https://openalex.org/W3019445466","https://openalex.org/W3042059812","https://openalex.org/W3046129945","https://openalex.org/W3047625747","https://openalex.org/W3084798277","https://openalex.org/W3096605857","https://openalex.org/W3108981504","https://openalex.org/W3119553869","https://openalex.org/W3121943121","https://openalex.org/W3126634865","https://openalex.org/W3134656840","https://openalex.org/W3138422230","https://openalex.org/W3140854437","https://openalex.org/W3146164938","https://openalex.org/W3146345129","https://openalex.org/W3155753394","https://openalex.org/W3157243312","https://openalex.org/W3159908420","https://openalex.org/W3160536954","https://openalex.org/W3160734301","https://openalex.org/W3165822876","https://openalex.org/W3166924801","https://openalex.org/W3167557279","https://openalex.org/W3169116089","https://openalex.org/W3169466323","https://openalex.org/W3170493236","https://openalex.org/W3174127724","https://openalex.org/W3183806564","https://openalex.org/W3184298112","https://openalex.org/W3189553628","https://openalex.org/W3205339884","https://openalex.org/W3207646706","https://openalex.org/W3210165781","https://openalex.org/W3216400962","https://openalex.org/W4200553326","https://openalex.org/W4206706211","https://openalex.org/W4210853280","https://openalex.org/W4220747648","https://openalex.org/W4221034033","https://openalex.org/W4221044844","https://openalex.org/W4223538876","https://openalex.org/W4224073284","https://openalex.org/W4226212710","https://openalex.org/W4250534264","https://openalex.org/W4251476106","https://openalex.org/W4289516210","https://openalex.org/W4289668475","https://openalex.org/W4290052363","https://openalex.org/W4293163051","https://openalex.org/W4293527381","https://openalex.org/W4295998118","https://openalex.org/W4296555550","https://openalex.org/W4297535697","https://openalex.org/W4297539676","https://openalex.org/W4301366341","https://openalex.org/W4309771166","https://openalex.org/W4310191243","https://openalex.org/W4311060730","https://openalex.org/W4312114404","https://openalex.org/W4312192705","https://openalex.org/W4312210036","https://openalex.org/W4313897607","https://openalex.org/W4316041915","https://openalex.org/W4318479910","https://openalex.org/W4318566866","https://openalex.org/W4319296823","https://openalex.org/W4319338849","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W4320511116","https://openalex.org/W4323313312","https://openalex.org/W4323825591","https://openalex.org/W4327972770","https://openalex.org/W4360615974","https://openalex.org/W4360939568","https://openalex.org/W4362603432","https://openalex.org/W4366091323","https://openalex.org/W4367676086","https://openalex.org/W4377695283","https://openalex.org/W4378531053","https://openalex.org/W4379052951","https://openalex.org/W4380551648","https://openalex.org/W4380788139","https://openalex.org/W4381989081","https://openalex.org/W4382138466","https://openalex.org/W4382491502","https://openalex.org/W4384341111","https://openalex.org/W4385201870","https://openalex.org/W4385319606","https://openalex.org/W4385342469","https://openalex.org/W4385383529","https://openalex.org/W4385410057","https://openalex.org/W4385605177","https://openalex.org/W4386807703","https://openalex.org/W4386925205","https://openalex.org/W4386934070","https://openalex.org/W4387230345","https://openalex.org/W4387338457","https://openalex.org/W4387356991","https://openalex.org/W4387783546","https://openalex.org/W4387843838","https://openalex.org/W4388639954","https://openalex.org/W4388701658","https://openalex.org/W4388807192","https://openalex.org/W4388910669","https://openalex.org/W4389197399","https://openalex.org/W4389426050","https://openalex.org/W4389565555","https://openalex.org/W4389823430","https://openalex.org/W4390752730","https://openalex.org/W4390971902","https://openalex.org/W4391018724","https://openalex.org/W4391044588","https://openalex.org/W4391044822","https://openalex.org/W4391217111","https://openalex.org/W4391319581","https://openalex.org/W4391514872","https://openalex.org/W4391514919","https://openalex.org/W4392741075","https://openalex.org/W4392883923","https://openalex.org/W4393224994","https://openalex.org/W4394963165","https://openalex.org/W4394997664","https://openalex.org/W4395013725","https://openalex.org/W4395464276","https://openalex.org/W4396509329","https://openalex.org/W4396898756","https://openalex.org/W4398235734","https://openalex.org/W4399009583","https://openalex.org/W4399671586","https://openalex.org/W4399729479","https://openalex.org/W4399786157","https://openalex.org/W4399970333","https://openalex.org/W4401520932","https://openalex.org/W4401542394","https://openalex.org/W4402124320","https://openalex.org/W4402450635","https://openalex.org/W4402774681","https://openalex.org/W4402993179","https://openalex.org/W4403076429","https://openalex.org/W4403297533","https://openalex.org/W4403632032","https://openalex.org/W4404328609","https://openalex.org/W4404691645","https://openalex.org/W4404826685","https://openalex.org/W4405256059","https://openalex.org/W4405303938","https://openalex.org/W4405357370","https://openalex.org/W6639175750","https://openalex.org/W6769710536","https://openalex.org/W6776472484","https://openalex.org/W6803739019","https://openalex.org/W6810698582","https://openalex.org/W6856700352","https://openalex.org/W6866550425","https://openalex.org/W6945908255","https://openalex.org/W6999385918"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2553152692","https://openalex.org/W2402416188","https://openalex.org/W4312189111","https://openalex.org/W1504972346","https://openalex.org/W2383936811","https://openalex.org/W2408155416","https://openalex.org/W1997234952","https://openalex.org/W3129325014","https://openalex.org/W4250918385","https://openalex.org/W2348439329"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"intelligence":[1],"(AI)":[2],"transforms":[3],"image":[4,24,48],"data":[5,51,127],"analysis":[6,49,125],"across":[7],"many":[8],"biomedical":[9,47],"fields,":[10],"such":[11],"as":[12,68],"cell":[13,60,84,124],"biology,":[14,18],"radiology,":[15],"pathology,":[16],"cancer":[17],"and":[19,28,50,62,77,93,101,120,126,142,146],"immunology,":[20],"with":[21],"object":[22],"detection,":[23],"feature":[25],"extraction,":[26],"classification,":[27],"segmentation":[29,63,85],"applications.":[30],"Advancements":[31],"in":[32,42,56,109,129,140],"deep":[33,79],"learning":[34,144],"(DL)":[35],"research":[36],"have":[37,136],"been":[38,66],"a":[39,69],"critical":[40,104],"factor":[41],"advancing":[43],"computer":[44],"techniques":[45,122],"for":[46,123],"mining.":[52],"A":[53],"significant":[54],"improvement":[55],"the":[57,72,88,117,133,148],"accuracy":[58],"of":[59,71,74,90,99],"detection":[61],"algorithms":[64],"has":[65],"achieved":[67],"result":[70],"emergence":[73],"open-source":[75],"software":[76],"innovative":[78],"neural":[80],"network":[81],"architectures.":[82],"Automated":[83],"now":[86],"enables":[87],"extraction":[89],"quantifiable":[91],"cellular":[92,107],"spatial":[94],"features":[95],"from":[96],"microscope":[97],"images":[98],"cells":[100],"tissues,":[102],"providing":[103],"insights":[105],"into":[106,151],"organization":[108],"various":[110],"diseases.":[111],"This":[112],"review":[113],"aims":[114],"to":[115],"examine":[116],"latest":[118],"AI":[119,141],"DL":[121],"mining":[128],"microscopy":[130,152],"images,":[131],"aid":[132],"biologists":[134],"who":[135],"less":[137],"background":[138],"knowledge":[139],"machine":[143],"(ML),":[145],"incorporate":[147],"ML":[149],"models":[150],"focus":[153],"images.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":35}],"updated_date":"2026-06-24T13:16:06.693445","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
