{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403730650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging10110269","title":"YOLO-I3D: Optimizing Inflated 3D Models for Real-Time Human Activity Recognition","display_name":"YOLO-I3D: Optimizing Inflated 3D Models for Real-Time Human Activity Recognition","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403730650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging10110269","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39590733"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging10110269","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging10110269","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/10/11/269/pdf?version=1729764707","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/10/11/269/pdf?version=1729764707","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019144076","display_name":"Ruikang Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0939-4275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruikang Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103284845","display_name":"Aman Anand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0084-1190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aman Anand","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063480277","display_name":"Farhana Zulkernine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3326-0875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farhana Zulkernine","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085688780","display_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Rivest","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2038-5174"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51768193","display_name":"Royal Military College of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/04yr71909","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51768193"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francois Rivest","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Military College of Canada, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","School of Computing, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","Royal Military College of Canada, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2038-5174","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Military College of Canada, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609","https://openalex.org/I51768193"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Military College of Canada, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609","https://openalex.org/I51768193"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103284845"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":1.4804,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82779912,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"11","first_page":"269","last_page":"269"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8371295928955078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activity-recognition","display_name":"Activity recognition","score":0.520865261554718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4528754651546478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4361996054649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.35969990491867065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8371295928955078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121687571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Activity recognition","level":2,"score":0.520865261554718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4528754651546478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4361996054649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35969990491867065}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging10110269","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging10110269","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/10/11/269/pdf?version=1729764707","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39590733","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39590733","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11595777","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11595777","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11595777/pdf/jimaging-10-00269.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Imaging","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:40fbbb1c7d8140ad8186c9dcd7c4545a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/40fbbb1c7d8140ad8186c9dcd7c4545a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging, Vol 10, Iss 11, p 269 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jimaging10110269","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging10110269","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/10/11/269/pdf?version=1729764707","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736465063","display_name":"Journal of Imaging","issn_l":"2313-433X","issn":["2313-433X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2980479518","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN-2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6216502857","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"05550","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403730650.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403730650.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1755205674","https://openalex.org/W1983364832","https://openalex.org/W2016053056","https://openalex.org/W2093488518","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2126579184","https://openalex.org/W2156303437","https://openalex.org/W2337252826","https://openalex.org/W2342662179","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2613718673","https://openalex.org/W2625366777","https://openalex.org/W2761406536","https://openalex.org/W2883429621","https://openalex.org/W2921260240","https://openalex.org/W2944006115","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963524571","https://openalex.org/W2963782415","https://openalex.org/W2964134613","https://openalex.org/W2971769886","https://openalex.org/W3014565582","https://openalex.org/W3044326989","https://openalex.org/W3081434152","https://openalex.org/W3106633148","https://openalex.org/W3107902501","https://openalex.org/W3109908659","https://openalex.org/W3120677778","https://openalex.org/W3132342445","https://openalex.org/W3134714766","https://openalex.org/W4210578121","https://openalex.org/W4237345212","https://openalex.org/W4249279051","https://openalex.org/W4282981352","https://openalex.org/W4300024653","https://openalex.org/W4311089311","https://openalex.org/W4324102004","https://openalex.org/W4379522978","https://openalex.org/W4380680196","https://openalex.org/W4386247141","https://openalex.org/W6639102338","https://openalex.org/W6767790730","https://openalex.org/W6782394244","https://openalex.org/W6838532648"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"Activity":[1],"Recognition":[2],"(HAR)":[3],"plays":[4],"a":[5,59,73,139],"critical":[6],"role":[7],"in":[8,29],"applications":[9,31],"such":[10],"as":[11],"security":[12],"surveillance":[13],"and":[14],"healthcare.":[15],"However,":[16],"existing":[17],"methods,":[18],"particularly":[19],"two-stream":[20,109],"models":[21],"like":[22],"Inflated":[23],"3D":[24],"(I3D),":[25],"face":[26],"significant":[27],"challenges":[28],"real-time":[30,97,144],"due":[32],"to":[33,89],"their":[34],"high":[35],"computational":[36,123],"demand,":[37],"especially":[38],"from":[39],"the":[40,66,92,102,114,126,131],"optical":[41,69],"flow":[42,70],"branch.":[43],"In":[44],"this":[45],"work,":[46],"we":[47,57,82],"address":[48],"these":[49],"limitations":[50],"by":[51,119,136],"proposing":[52],"two":[53],"major":[54],"improvements.":[55],"First,":[56],"introduce":[58],"lightweight":[60],"motion":[61],"information":[62],"branch":[63,94],"that":[64,106],"replaces":[65],"computationally":[67],"expensive":[68],"component":[71],"with":[72],"lower-resolution":[74],"RGB":[75,93],"input,":[76],"significantly":[77],"reducing":[78,122],"computation":[79],"time.":[80],"Second,":[81],"incorporate":[83],"YOLOv5,":[84],"an":[85],"efficient":[86,141],"object":[87],"detector,":[88],"further":[90],"optimize":[91],"for":[95,143],"faster":[96],"performance.":[98],"Experimental":[99],"results":[100],"on":[101],"Kinetics-400":[103],"dataset":[104],"demonstrate":[105],"our":[107],"proposed":[108],"I3D":[110,116,132],"Light":[111],"model":[112,133],"improves":[113],"original":[115],"model's":[117],"accuracy":[118,135],"4.13%":[120],"while":[121],"cost.":[124],"Additionally,":[125],"integration":[127],"of":[128],"YOLOv5":[129],"into":[130],"enhances":[134],"1.42%,":[137],"providing":[138],"more":[140],"solution":[142],"HAR":[145],"tasks.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}