{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403029126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp4040038","title":"Reversing File Access Control Using Disk Forensics on Low-Level Flash Memory","display_name":"Reversing File Access Control Using Disk Forensics on Low-Level Flash Memory","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403029126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp4040038"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jcp4040038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp4040038","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2624-800X/4/4/38/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232532","display_name":"Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy","issn_l":"2624-800X","issn":["2624-800X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2624-800X/4/4/38/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107452228","display_name":"Caleb Rother","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caleb Rother","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8978-2684","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100427291","display_name":"Bo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-9607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-9607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100427291"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"],"apc_list":{"value":1000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1114},"apc_paid":{"value":1000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1114},"fwci":0.2133,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54905928,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"4","first_page":"805","last_page":"822"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reversing","display_name":"Reversing","score":0.9453370571136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7337144613265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flash","display_name":"Flash (photography)","score":0.5360835790634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.4833759665489197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3865399956703186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10102638602256775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08371934294700623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781085045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7318308","display_name":"Reversing","level":2,"score":0.9453370571136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7337144613265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777526259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221836","display_name":"Flash (photography)","level":2,"score":0.5360835790634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.4833759665489197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3865399956703186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10102638602256775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08371934294700623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jcp4040038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp4040038","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2624-800X/4/4/38/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232532","display_name":"Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy","issn_l":"2624-800X","issn":["2624-800X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.mtu.edu:michigantech-p2-2202","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p2/1248","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196391","display_name":"Digital Commons - Michigan Tech (Michigan Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","host_organization_name":"Michigan Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Michigan Tech Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:601a08c6f02c42a08639ed655dfc7f6f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/601a08c6f02c42a08639ed655dfc7f6f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy, Vol 4, Iss 4, Pp 805-822 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jcp4040038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp4040038","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2624-800X/4/4/38/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232532","display_name":"Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy","issn_l":"2624-800X","issn":["2624-800X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1770857612","display_name":"SaTC: CORE: Small: Hardware-assisted Self-repairing in Decentralized Cloud Storage against Malicious Attacks","funder_award_id":"2225424","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2686008474","display_name":"CyberCorps Scholarship for Service: Cybersecurity Workforce Preparation","funder_award_id":"2043022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G415424968","display_name":"SaTC: CORE: Small: Collaborative: Hardware-assisted Plausibly Deniable System for Mobile Devices","funder_award_id":"1928349","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403029126.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553242235","https://openalex.org/W1982935918","https://openalex.org/W1983474821","https://openalex.org/W2007112123","https://openalex.org/W2099316199","https://openalex.org/W2114828666","https://openalex.org/W2613542009","https://openalex.org/W2614936534","https://openalex.org/W2765713146","https://openalex.org/W2771936560","https://openalex.org/W2808706667","https://openalex.org/W2902458612","https://openalex.org/W2923699932","https://openalex.org/W2945824389","https://openalex.org/W2962844766","https://openalex.org/W3044316786","https://openalex.org/W3164133037","https://openalex.org/W3184269725","https://openalex.org/W4282035831","https://openalex.org/W4308641979","https://openalex.org/W4319079648","https://openalex.org/W4391523163","https://openalex.org/W6780817021"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2354780065","https://openalex.org/W3011985225","https://openalex.org/W2482155543","https://openalex.org/W2475618665","https://openalex.org/W4224280204","https://openalex.org/W2380977331","https://openalex.org/W2373606770","https://openalex.org/W1995189325"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,48],"the":[1,13,19,25,71,75,84,101,115,124,132,136,139,163,170,177,180],"history":[2],"of":[3,63,94,138,166,179],"access":[4,20,65,76,107,126],"control,":[5,108],"nearly":[6],"every":[7],"system":[8,15,46,152],"designed":[9],"has":[10],"relied":[11],"on":[12,169],"operating":[14],"(OS)":[16],"to":[17,128],"enforce":[18],"control":[21,66,77,127],"protocols.":[22],"However,":[23],"if":[24,36],"OS":[26,72,106,125],"(and":[27],"specifically":[28],"root":[29],"access)":[30],"is":[31,82,183],"compromised,":[32],"there":[33],"are":[34],"few":[35],"any":[37],"solutions":[38],"that":[39,57,83,176],"can":[40,99],"get":[41],"users":[42],"back":[43,123],"into":[44],"their":[45],"efficiently.":[47],"this":[49,95],"work,":[50],"we":[51,98,142],"have":[52,143],"proposed":[53,140],"a":[54,129,147],"novel":[55],"approach":[56],"allows":[58,120],"secure":[59],"and":[60,73,154],"efficient":[61],"rollback":[62],"file":[64,151],"after":[67],"an":[68],"adversary":[69],"compromises":[70],"corrupts":[74],"metadata.":[78],"Our":[79],"key":[80],"observation":[81],"underlying":[85],"flash":[86,117,156],"memory":[87,157],"typically":[88],"performs":[89],"out-of-place":[90],"updates.":[91],"Taking":[92],"advantage":[93],"unique":[96],"feature,":[97],"extract":[100],"\u201cstale":[102],"data\u201d":[103],"specific":[104],"for":[105],"by":[109],"performing":[110],"low-level":[111],"disk":[112],"forensics":[113],"over":[114],"raw":[116],"memory.":[118],"This":[119],"efficiently":[121],"rolling":[122],"state":[130],"pre-dating":[131],"compromise.":[133],"To":[134],"justify":[135],"feasibility":[137],"approach,":[141],"implemented":[144],"it":[145],"in":[146],"computing":[148],"device":[149],"using":[150],"EXT2/EXT3":[153],"open-sourced":[155],"firmware":[158],"OpenNFM.":[159],"We":[160],"also":[161],"evaluated":[162],"potential":[164],"impact":[165],"our":[167],"design":[168],"original":[171],"system.":[172],"Experimental":[173],"results":[174],"indicate":[175],"performance":[178],"affected":[181],"drive":[182],"not":[184],"significantly":[185],"impacted.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-06T08:24:18.245995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}