{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2343415370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics3020005","title":"Multi-Gateway-Based Energy Holes Avoidance Routing Protocol for WSN","display_name":"Multi-Gateway-Based Energy Holes Avoidance Routing Protocol for WSN","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2343415370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics3020005","mag":"2343415370"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics3020005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics3020005","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/3/2/5/pdf?version=1461665566","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/3/2/5/pdf?version=1461665566","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034275415","display_name":"Rohini Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2296-6634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152429107","display_name":"Jawaharlal Nehru University","ror":"https://ror.org/0567v8t28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152429107"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rohini Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer & Systems Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2296-6634","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer & Systems Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152429107"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042265874","display_name":"D. K. Lobiyal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-3930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152429107","display_name":"Jawaharlal Nehru University","ror":"https://ror.org/0567v8t28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152429107"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daya Lobiyal","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer & Systems Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer & Systems Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152429107"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034275415"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152429107"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":1.4247,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85714003,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"5","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.8027750253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6992831230163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interior-gateway-protocol","display_name":"Interior gateway protocol","score":0.669510006904602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.6335147619247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sink","display_name":"Sink (geography)","score":0.630039393901825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5732458829879761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5142264366149902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gateway-address","display_name":"Gateway address","score":0.4931785464286804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/default-gateway","display_name":"Default gateway","score":0.4742257297039032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-routing-protocol","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","score":0.17634114623069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09069904685020447}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.8027750253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6992831230163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52837422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431028","display_name":"Interior gateway protocol","level":5,"score":0.669510006904602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6335147619247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143050476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194502","display_name":"Sink (geography)","level":2,"score":0.630039393901825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5732458829879761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5142264366149902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126608188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5527308","display_name":"Gateway address","level":3,"score":0.4931785464286804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187713609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465461","display_name":"Default gateway","level":2,"score":0.4742257297039032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47318570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8026863","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.17634114623069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09069904685020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics3020005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics3020005","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/3/2/5/pdf?version=1461665566","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:12a857c07c8c4913a114edcaaf46df1b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/12a857c07c8c4913a114edcaaf46df1b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Informatics, Vol 3, Iss 2, p 5 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2227-9709/3/2/5/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics3020005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Informatics; Volume 3; Issue 2; Pages: 5","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics3020005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics3020005","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/3/2/5/pdf?version=1461665566","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320721","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334740","display_name":"Human Resource Development Group","ror":"https://ror.org/0577j0g35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337407","display_name":"Division of Human Resource Development","ror":"https://ror.org/03mamvh39"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2343415370.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2343415370.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501712553","https://openalex.org/W1969369157","https://openalex.org/W1970327392","https://openalex.org/W1972959416","https://openalex.org/W1974364026","https://openalex.org/W1982227954","https://openalex.org/W1986679447","https://openalex.org/W1995213322","https://openalex.org/W1997115052","https://openalex.org/W2005542344","https://openalex.org/W2014122791","https://openalex.org/W2014525888","https://openalex.org/W2043139329","https://openalex.org/W2079243578","https://openalex.org/W2088166632","https://openalex.org/W2089724422","https://openalex.org/W2093609370","https://openalex.org/W2105621972","https://openalex.org/W2106335692","https://openalex.org/W2108578650","https://openalex.org/W2115337323","https://openalex.org/W2126409482","https://openalex.org/W2126446511","https://openalex.org/W2130403046","https://openalex.org/W2139120132","https://openalex.org/W2143781090","https://openalex.org/W2167125469","https://openalex.org/W2177525294","https://openalex.org/W2207192811","https://openalex.org/W2219127358","https://openalex.org/W2319387733","https://openalex.org/W3198549965","https://openalex.org/W4255062788","https://openalex.org/W6661632955","https://openalex.org/W6674040108","https://openalex.org/W6675918548"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2471931611","https://openalex.org/W2099442262","https://openalex.org/W2540229636","https://openalex.org/W2128816990","https://openalex.org/W1581047575","https://openalex.org/W2182380586","https://openalex.org/W2552375947","https://openalex.org/W2167359476","https://openalex.org/W2051755068","https://openalex.org/W2378880468"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,17],"wireless":[1],"sensor":[2],"networks":[3],"(WSNs),":[4],"efficient":[5],"energy":[6,26,29],"conservation":[7],"is":[8,55,129],"required":[9],"to":[10,38,52,82,92,105,113,147,202],"prolong":[11],"the":[12,15,40,44,47,77,83,87,93,98,114,120,127,132,135,139,142,148,152,158,199,203],"lifetime":[13],"of":[14,151,191],"network.":[16],"this":[18],"work,":[19],"we":[20],"have":[21,68,156],"given":[22],"emphasis":[23],"on":[24],"balanced":[25],"consumption":[27],"and":[28,46,59,95,126,138,174,198],"holes":[30],"avoidance.":[31],"This":[32],"paper":[33],"proposes":[34],"a":[35,70,123],"multi-gateway-based":[36],"approach":[37],"reduce":[39],"transmission":[41,71],"distance":[42,121,133],"between":[43,122,134],"sender":[45],"sink":[48,78,128,149],"node.":[49,154],"The":[50,182],"area":[51],"be":[53],"monitored":[54],"divided":[56],"into":[57],"regions":[58],"gateway":[60,88,115,140,153],"nodes":[61],"are":[62],"deployed":[63],"at":[64],"optimal":[65],"positions.":[66],"We":[67,155],"designed":[69],"scheme,":[72],"in":[73,76,86,97,116,189],"which":[74,110],"sensors":[75,85,96],"region":[79,89,100],"communicate":[80,90],"directly":[81,91,104],"sink,":[84],"gateway,":[94],"cluster":[99,108,124,136,143],"transmit":[101],"their":[102,106],"data":[103,112,146],"respective":[107],"head":[109,125,137,144],"transmits":[111,145],"its":[117],"region.":[118],"If":[119],"less":[130],"than":[131,186],"node,":[141],"instead":[150],"compared":[157],"proposed":[159],"protocol":[160,183],"with":[161],"Low-Energy":[162],"Adaptive":[163],"Clustering":[164],"Hierarchy":[165],"(LEACH),":[166],"Gateway":[167,175],"Based":[168,176],"Energy":[169],"Aware":[170],"Multi-Hop":[171],"Routing":[172],"(M-GEAR),":[173],"Stable":[177],"Election":[178],"Protocol":[179],"(GSEP)":[180],"protocols.":[181],"performs":[184],"better":[185],"other":[187],"protocols":[188],"terms":[190],"throughput,":[192],"stability":[193],"period,":[194],"lifetime,":[195],"residual":[196],"energy,":[197],"packet":[200],"transmitted":[201],"sink.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}