{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7118771238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics13010005","title":"Visual Harmony Between Avatar Appearance and On-Avatar Text: Effects on Self-Expression Fit and Interpersonal Perception in Social VR","display_name":"Visual Harmony Between Avatar Appearance and On-Avatar Text: Effects on Self-Expression Fit and Interpersonal Perception in Social VR","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7118771238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics13010005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics13010005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics13010005","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/13/1/5/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/13/1/5/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yang Guang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7239-1279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Guang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7239-1279","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044460653","display_name":"Sho Sakurai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1372-8784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sho Sakurai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1372-8784","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032191753","display_name":"Takuya Nojima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9439-575X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takuya Nojima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9439-575X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122220481","display_name":"Koichi Hirota","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koichi Hirota","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4323-7812","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03357574,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"5","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.8851000070571899,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.8851000070571899,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.03500000014901161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11431","display_name":"Action Observation and Synchronization","score":0.006300000008195639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/avatar","display_name":"Avatar","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.6322000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-communication","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","score":0.58160001039505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmony","display_name":"Harmony (color)","score":0.558899998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediation","display_name":"Mediation","score":0.4788999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-relation","display_name":"Social relation","score":0.436599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaverse","display_name":"Metaverse","score":0.3910999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-relationship","display_name":"Interpersonal relationship","score":0.3528999984264374}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777365542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83090","display_name":"Avatar","level":2,"score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.722100019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6322000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6103000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164850336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3685487","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","level":2,"score":0.58160001039505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776453491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5659234","display_name":"Harmony (color)","level":2,"score":0.558899998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.4788999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130064352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853725","display_name":"Social relation","level":2,"score":0.436599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4075999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53332860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632041","display_name":"Metaverse","level":3,"score":0.3910999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.3801000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91034043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223642","display_name":"Interpersonal relationship","level":2,"score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129484327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177603","display_name":"Social perception","level":3,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777157228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632514","display_name":"Interpersonal attraction","level":3,"score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109778625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796573","display_name":"Computer-mediated communication","level":3,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992801459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223642","display_name":"Interpersonal interaction","level":2,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777716012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318389","display_name":"Dyad","level":2,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175202939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892912","display_name":"Self-disclosure","level":2,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.25429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17822864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6007588","display_name":"Impression formation","level":4,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130537919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780294","display_name":"Human physical appearance","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics13010005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics13010005","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/13/1/5/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:aeb938eac19e436796f97bc13600e9d1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/aeb938eac19e436796f97bc13600e9d1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Informatics, Vol 13, Iss 1, p 5 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics13010005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics13010005","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/13/1/5/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4243583381175995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7118771238.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7118771238.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1902660783","https://openalex.org/W1990047999","https://openalex.org/W2017537431","https://openalex.org/W2061915922","https://openalex.org/W2121719018","https://openalex.org/W2136463228","https://openalex.org/W2145839404","https://openalex.org/W2147332467","https://openalex.org/W2160144355","https://openalex.org/W2493123706","https://openalex.org/W2576297379","https://openalex.org/W3034919386","https://openalex.org/W3132937190","https://openalex.org/W3136072423","https://openalex.org/W3177353899","https://openalex.org/W4233863999","https://openalex.org/W4362666538","https://openalex.org/W4391747538","https://openalex.org/W4398147704"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"social":[1,38,75],"virtual":[2],"reality":[3],"(VR)":[4],"and":[5,16,37,46,52,62,82,84,91,102,111,123,146,161],"metaverse":[6,153],"platforms,":[7],"users":[8,56],"express":[9],"their":[10],"identity":[11],"through":[12],"both":[13,120],"avatar":[14,44,80,144,160],"appearance":[15,45],"on-avatar":[17],"textual":[18],"cues,":[19],"such":[20],"as":[21],"speech":[22],"balloons.":[23],"However,":[24],"little":[25],"is":[26],"known":[27],"about":[28],"how":[29],"the":[30,74,137,156],"harmony":[31,78],"between":[32,79,89],"these":[33],"cues":[34],"influences":[35],"self-representation":[36],"impressions.":[39],"We":[40],"propose":[41],"that":[42,116,132],"when":[43],"text":[47,162],"design,":[48,154],"including":[49],"color,":[50],"font,":[51],"tone,":[53],"are":[54],"consistent,":[55],"experience":[57],"a":[58,150],"stronger":[59],"self-expression":[60,100,121,133],"fit":[61,122,134],"elicit":[63],"greater":[64],"interpersonal":[65],"affinity.":[66,103],"A":[67],"within-subject":[68],"study":[69],"(N=21)":[70],"in":[71],"VRChat":[72],"manipulated":[73],"context,":[76],"color":[77],"hair":[81],"text,":[83],"style":[85],"or":[86],"content":[87],"consistency":[88],"tone":[90],"font.":[92],"Questionnaires":[93],"provided":[94],"composite":[95],"indices":[96],"for":[97,152],"perceived":[98],"congruence,":[99],"fit,":[101],"Analyses":[104],"included":[105],"repeated-measures":[106],"ANOVA,":[107],"linear":[108],"mixed-effects":[109],"models,":[110],"mediation":[112,129],"tests.":[113],"Results":[114],"showed":[115],"congruent":[117],"pairings":[118],"increased":[119],"affinity":[124],"compared":[125],"to":[126],"mismatches,":[127],"with":[128],"analyses":[130],"indicating":[131],"fully":[135],"mediated":[136],"effect.":[138],"These":[139],"findings":[140],"integrate":[141],"theories":[142],"of":[143,158],"influence":[145],"computer-mediated":[147],"communication":[148],"into":[149],"framework":[151],"highlighting":[155],"value":[157],"consistent":[159],"styling.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-01-08T00:00:00"}