{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407339064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics12010016","title":"Automatic Translation Between Kreol Morisien and English Using the Marian Machine Translation Framework","display_name":"Automatic Translation Between Kreol Morisien and English Using the Marian Machine Translation Framework","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407339064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics12010016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics12010016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics12010016","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/12/1/16/pdf?version=1739171150","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/12/1/16/pdf?version=1739171150","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053170006","display_name":"Zaheenah Beebee Jameela Boodeea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1506-5101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69072986","display_name":"University of Mauritius","ror":"https://ror.org/05cyprz33","country_code":"MU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69072986"]}],"countries":["MU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaheenah Beebee Jameela Boodeea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information, Communication and Digital Technologies, University of Mauritius, Moka 80837, Mauritius"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information, Communication and Digital Technologies, University of Mauritius, Moka 80837, Mauritius","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69072986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087235833","display_name":"Sameerchand Pudaruth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7077-8681"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69072986","display_name":"University of Mauritius","ror":"https://ror.org/05cyprz33","country_code":"MU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69072986"]}],"countries":["MU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sameerchand Pudaruth","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICT Department, Faculty of Information, Communication and Digital Technologies, University of Mauritius, Moka 80837, Mauritius"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICT Department, Faculty of Information, Communication and Digital Technologies, University of Mauritius, Moka 80837, Mauritius","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69072986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006355941","display_name":"Nitish Chooramun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2903-1519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157227730","display_name":"University of East London","ror":"https://ror.org/057jrqr44","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157227730"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nitish Chooramun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Digital Technologies, School of Architecture, Computing and Engineering, University of East London, London E16 2RD, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Digital Technologies, School of Architecture, Computing and Engineering, University of East London, London E16 2RD, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157227730"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058987991","display_name":"Aneerav Sukhoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4077-0611"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aneerav Sukhoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Information Systems Division, Ministry of Information Technology, Communication and Innovation, Port Louis 11302, Mauritius"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Information Systems Division, Ministry of Information Technology, Communication and Innovation, Port Louis 11302, Mauritius","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087235833"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69072986"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":8.3566,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96645981,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"16","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10759","display_name":"Translation Studies and Practices","score":0.9725000262260437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11148","display_name":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","score":0.9412999749183655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7194698452949524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.6431209444999695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.6077295541763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5741949677467346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5097036361694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-system","display_name":"Writing system","score":0.5074226260185242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.47213131189346313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation-software-usability","display_name":"Machine translation software usability","score":0.4374951422214508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.4212067723274231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/example-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","score":0.4020814299583435}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7194698452949524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.6431209444999695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.6077295541763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5741949677467346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5097036361694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78148190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8192","display_name":"Writing system","level":2,"score":0.5074226260185242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.47213131189346313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148526163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6723733","display_name":"Machine translation software usability","level":4,"score":0.4374951422214508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.4212067723274231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24687705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3753284","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","level":3,"score":0.4020814299583435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics12010016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics12010016","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/12/1/16/pdf?version=1739171150","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ebf2bbd0e6454f9d8d2edc7fa622de47","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ebf2bbd0e6454f9d8d2edc7fa622de47","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Informatics, Vol 12, Iss 1, p 16 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics12010016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics12010016","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/12/1/16/pdf?version=1739171150","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407339064.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407339064.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000934026","https://openalex.org/W2074471756","https://openalex.org/W2106818711","https://openalex.org/W2340190931","https://openalex.org/W2962878352","https://openalex.org/W2963212250","https://openalex.org/W2963250244","https://openalex.org/W2964343359","https://openalex.org/W2976203113","https://openalex.org/W3145123282","https://openalex.org/W3180521376","https://openalex.org/W4386600757","https://openalex.org/W4392293733","https://openalex.org/W4403209900","https://openalex.org/W4404783810","https://openalex.org/W6703948889","https://openalex.org/W6872373277","https://openalex.org/W6960137213"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2566847733","https://openalex.org/W2122287718","https://openalex.org/W3204448004","https://openalex.org/W2587602790","https://openalex.org/W2740094425","https://openalex.org/W193726211","https://openalex.org/W2010336863","https://openalex.org/W3036784334","https://openalex.org/W2251549520","https://openalex.org/W1965582084"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Kreol":[0,20,23,29,52,62,86,94,100,107,110,133,158,199,210,286,298,326],"Morisien":[1,24,53,63,87,95,101,108,111,134,159,200,211,287,299,327],"is":[2,25,31,192],"a":[3,65,113,129,139,155,165,195,204,255,275,289],"vibrant":[4],"and":[5,36,99,149,172,179,201,212,234,261,267,288],"expressive":[6],"language":[7,141,178,319],"that":[8,311],"reflects":[9],"the":[10,50,56,76,90,93,106,117,143,174,177,225,281,295,307,315,344,351],"multicultural":[11],"heritage":[12],"of":[13,19,58,84,92,176,189,207,278,283,292,297,354],"Mauritius.":[14],"There":[15],"are":[16,38,265,306,312],"different":[17,73],"versions":[18],"languages.":[21,40,60,152],"While":[22],"spoken":[26,32,42],"in":[27,34,49,55,97,103,116,124,182,314],"Mauritius,":[28],"Rodrige":[30],"only":[33,44],"Rodrigues,":[35],"they":[37],"distinct":[39],"Being":[41],"by":[43,105],"about":[45],"1.5":[46],"million":[47],"speakers":[48,160,181],"world,":[51],"falls":[54],"category":[57],"under-resourced":[59],"Initially,":[61],"lacked":[64],"formalised":[66],"writing":[67,85],"system,":[68],"with":[69,163,258,357],"many":[70],"people":[71],"using":[72,272],"spellings":[74],"for":[75,132,157,198,232,240,280,294,317,325],"same":[77,144],"words.":[78],"The":[79,187],"first":[80],"step":[81],"towards":[82],"standardisation":[83],"was":[88,122,128,215],"after":[89],"publication":[91],"orthography":[96],"2011":[98],"grammar":[102],"2012":[104,119],"Academy.":[109],"obtained":[112],"national":[114,140],"position":[115],"year":[118],"when":[120],"it":[121],"introduced":[123],"educational":[125],"organisations.":[126],"This":[127,335],"major":[130],"breakthrough":[131],"to":[135,161,170,193,223,285],"be":[136,348],"recognised":[137],"as":[138,146,247,343],"on":[142],"level":[145],"English,":[147],"French,":[148],"other":[150],"oriental":[151],"By":[153],"providing":[154],"means":[156],"connect":[162],"others,":[164],"translation":[166,196,244,264,282,296,323],"system":[167,197],"will":[168,328,336],"help":[169],"preserve":[171],"strengthen":[173],"identity":[175],"its":[180,330],"an":[183],"increasingly":[184],"globalized":[185],"world.":[186],"aim":[188],"this":[190,318],"paper":[191],"develop":[194],"English.":[202,301],"Thus,":[203],"dataset":[205],"consisting":[206],"50,000":[208],"parallel":[209],"English":[213,284],"sentences":[214,229,237],"created,":[216],"where":[217],"48,000":[218],"sentence":[219],"pairs":[220],"were":[221,230,238],"used":[222,231,239],"train":[224],"models,":[226],"while":[227],"1000":[228,236],"evaluation":[233],"another":[235],"testing.":[241],"Several":[242],"machine":[243,249,253,263],"systems":[245],"such":[246],"statistical":[248],"translation,":[250,254],"open-source":[251],"neural":[252],"Transformer":[256],"model":[257],"attention":[259],"mechanism,":[260],"Marian":[262],"trained":[266],"evaluated.":[268],"Our":[269],"best":[270],"model,":[271],"MarianMT,":[273],"achieved":[274],"BLEU":[276,290,309],"score":[277,291],"0.62":[279],"0.58":[293],"into":[300,332,350],"To":[302],"our":[303],"knowledge,":[304],"these":[305],"highest":[308],"scores":[310],"available":[313],"literature":[316],"pair.":[320],"A":[321],"high-quality":[322],"tool":[324],"facilitate":[329],"integration":[331],"digital":[333],"platforms.":[334],"make":[337],"previously":[338],"inaccessible":[339],"knowledge":[340],"more":[341],"accessible,":[342],"information":[345],"can":[346],"now":[347],"translated":[349],"mother":[352],"tongue":[353],"most":[355],"Mauritians":[356],"reasonable":[358],"accuracy.":[359]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}