{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2598055806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info8010036","title":"Automated Detection of Liver Histopathological Findings Based on Biopsy Image Processing","display_name":"Automated Detection of Liver Histopathological Findings Based on Biopsy Image Processing","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-03-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2598055806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info8010036","mag":"2598055806"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info8010036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info8010036","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/8/1/36/pdf?version=1490014628","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/8/1/36/pdf?version=1490014628","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039806450","display_name":"Maria Tsiplakidou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89506807","display_name":"University of Western Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/00a5pe906","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Tsiplakidou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics &amp; Telecommunications Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Karamanli &amp; Ligeris, GR50100 Kozani, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics &amp; Telecommunications Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Karamanli &amp; Ligeris, GR50100 Kozani, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056731619","display_name":"Markos G. Tsipouras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6757-1698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159397","display_name":"Technological Educational Institute of Epirus","ror":"https://ror.org/04brn7x66","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159397"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89506807","display_name":"University of Western Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/00a5pe906","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markos Tsipouras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Kostakioi, GR47100 Arta, Greece","Department of Informatics &amp; Telecommunications Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Karamanli &amp; Ligeris, GR50100 Kozani, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Kostakioi, GR47100 Arta, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159397"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics &amp; Telecommunications Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Karamanli &amp; Ligeris, GR50100 Kozani, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027454960","display_name":"\u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03bf\u03c2 \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0615-783X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159397","display_name":"Technological Educational Institute of Epirus","ror":"https://ror.org/04brn7x66","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159397"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaos Giannakeas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Kostakioi, GR47100 Arta, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Kostakioi, GR47100 Arta, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000270870","display_name":"Alexandros T. Tzallas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9043-1290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159397","display_name":"Technological Educational Institute of Epirus","ror":"https://ror.org/04brn7x66","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159397"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexandros Tzallas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Kostakioi, GR47100 Arta, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Kostakioi, GR47100 Arta, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091376840","display_name":"Pinelopi Manousou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5363-1565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132793","display_name":"St Mary's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03qyvw759","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801633153","https://openalex.org/I4210132793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pinelopi Manousou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Digestive Diseases, Liver Unit, St Mary\u2019s Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, South Wharf Road, W2 1NY London, UK","Division of Digestive Diseases, Liver Unit, St Mary's Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, South Wharf Road, W2 1NY London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Digestive Diseases, Liver Unit, St Mary\u2019s Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, South Wharf Road, W2 1NY London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132793","https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Digestive Diseases, Liver Unit, St Mary's Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, South Wharf Road, W2 1NY London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132793","https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000270870"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159397"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":1.5637,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82723725,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"36","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10351","display_name":"Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10351","display_name":"Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steatosis","display_name":"Steatosis","score":0.9346029758453369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steatohepatitis","display_name":"Steatohepatitis","score":0.8885073065757751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatty-liver","display_name":"Fatty liver","score":0.7088742852210999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-biopsy","display_name":"Liver biopsy","score":0.6981978416442871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cirrhosis","display_name":"Cirrhosis","score":0.6525368094444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibrosis","display_name":"Fibrosis","score":0.4822429120540619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biopsy","display_name":"Biopsy","score":0.4723663926124573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastroenterology","display_name":"Gastroenterology","score":0.47055673599243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.4440717101097107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcoholic-hepatitis","display_name":"Alcoholic hepatitis","score":0.43279343843460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.4315629005432129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.36271345615386963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcoholic-liver-disease","display_name":"Alcoholic liver disease","score":0.29030388593673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.08064544200897217}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776175330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365091","display_name":"Steatosis","level":2,"score":0.9346029758453369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779478299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2335423","display_name":"Steatohepatitis","level":4,"score":0.8885073065757751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778772119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6058862","display_name":"Fatty liver","level":3,"score":0.7088742852210999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777766500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360841","display_name":"Liver biopsy","level":3,"score":0.6981978416442871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777214474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147778","display_name":"Cirrhosis","level":2,"score":0.6525368094444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780559512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q605709","display_name":"Fibrosis","level":2,"score":0.4822429120540619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775934546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179991","display_name":"Biopsy","level":2,"score":0.4723663926124573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.47055673599243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4440717101097107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780732942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3144986","display_name":"Alcoholic hepatitis","level":4,"score":0.43279343843460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4315629005432129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.36271345615386963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777575235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558404","display_name":"Alcoholic liver disease","level":3,"score":0.29030388593673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.08064544200897217}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info8010036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info8010036","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/8/1/36/pdf?version=1490014628","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9751991fc41845e2a45ec26834d2e800","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9751991fc41845e2a45ec26834d2e800","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 8, Iss 1, p 36 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2078-2489/8/1/36/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info8010036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information; Volume 8; Issue 1; Pages: 36","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info8010036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info8010036","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/8/1/36/pdf?version=1490014628","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2598055806.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2598055806.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55305302","https://openalex.org/W1492453719","https://openalex.org/W1529763029","https://openalex.org/W1991374217","https://openalex.org/W1992303599","https://openalex.org/W1999517566","https://openalex.org/W2009880126","https://openalex.org/W2010595907","https://openalex.org/W2013507231","https://openalex.org/W2092460684","https://openalex.org/W2095760763","https://openalex.org/W2103265067","https://openalex.org/W2110403671","https://openalex.org/W2117426154","https://openalex.org/W2123512407","https://openalex.org/W2127218421","https://openalex.org/W2130157458","https://openalex.org/W2154036593","https://openalex.org/W2284453114","https://openalex.org/W2405893732","https://openalex.org/W2573478430","https://openalex.org/W6602231660","https://openalex.org/W6678914141","https://openalex.org/W6713975024"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054571656","https://openalex.org/W4319592531","https://openalex.org/W4249467801","https://openalex.org/W2955712732","https://openalex.org/W2067174853","https://openalex.org/W2049962639","https://openalex.org/W2406016470","https://openalex.org/W2056618929","https://openalex.org/W4313409935","https://openalex.org/W1734911947"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hepatic":[0],"steatosis":[1,34,57,72,130],"is":[2,27,52,78,107,115,158],"the":[3,8,12,23,31,38,45,53,113,124,133,187],"accumulation":[4],"of":[5,18,56,67,100,126,154],"fat":[6,127],"in":[7,22,30,109,117],"hepatic":[9,33,101],"cells":[10],"and":[11,15,47,92,98,129,142,165],"liver.":[13],"Triglycerides":[14],"other":[16],"kinds":[17],"molecules":[19],"are":[20,42,61,140,145],"included":[21],"lipids.":[24],"When":[25],"there":[26],"some":[28],"defect":[29],"process,":[32],"arise,":[35],"during":[36],"which":[37,86],"free":[39],"fatty":[40],"acids":[41],"taken":[43],"by":[44],"liver":[46,161,171,193],"exuded":[48],"as":[49,80],"lipoproteins.":[50],"Alcohol":[51],"main":[54],"cause":[55],"when":[58],"excessive":[59],"amounts":[60],"consumed":[62],"for":[63,123],"a":[64,103,152],"long":[65],"period":[66],"time.":[68],"In":[69,132],"many":[70],"cases,":[71],"can":[73,87,190],"lead":[74,89],"to":[75,90,119],"inflammation":[76],"that":[77,186],"mentioned":[79],"steatohepatitis":[81,84],"or":[82,148],"non-alcoholic":[83],"(NASH),":[85],"later":[88],"fibrosis":[91],"finally":[93],"cirrhosis.":[94],"For":[95],"automated":[96],"detection":[97,125],"quantification":[99],"steatosis,":[102],"novel":[104],"two-stage":[105],"methodology":[106,157,189],"developed":[108],"this":[110],"study.":[111],"Initially,":[112],"image":[114,138,163],"processed":[116],"order":[118],"become":[120],"more":[121],"suitable":[122],"regions":[128,139],"quantification.":[131],"second":[134],"stage,":[135],"initial":[136],"candidate":[137],"detected,":[141],"then":[143],"they":[144],"either":[146],"validated":[147],"discarded":[149],"based":[150,159],"on":[151,160],"series":[153],"criteria.":[155],"The":[156,182],"biopsy":[162,172],"analysis,":[164],"has":[166],"been":[167],"tested":[168],"using":[169],"40":[170],"images":[173],"obtained":[174,183],"from":[175,179],"patients":[176],"who":[177],"suffer":[178],"hepatitis":[180],"C.":[181],"results":[184],"indicate":[185],"proposed":[188],"accurately":[191],"assess":[192],"steatosis.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
