{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1542364844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info6030339","title":"Improved Genetic Algorithm Optimization for Forward Vehicle Detection Problems","display_name":"Improved Genetic Algorithm Optimization for Forward Vehicle Detection Problems","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1542364844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info6030339","mag":"1542364844"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info6030339","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info6030339","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/6/3/339/pdf?version=1436536125","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/6/3/339/pdf?version=1436536125","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111924207","display_name":"Longhui Gang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longhui Gang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003541543","display_name":"Mingheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0629-0929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001439635","display_name":"Xiudong Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiudong Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101725200","display_name":"Shuai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9521-5925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003541543"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.5615,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73479874,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"339","last_page":"360"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7295466661453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.6377568244934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6284998059272766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6045425534248352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.559238076210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5526635050773621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.5192247033119202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5174087285995483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.46877947449684143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4239843189716339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.33316266536712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32759416103363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15222617983818054}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7295466661453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6377568244934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6284998059272766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6045425534248352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.559238076210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5526635050773621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5192247033119202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5174087285995483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.46877947449684143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4239843189716339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33316266536712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32759416103363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15222617983818054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info6030339","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info6030339","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/6/3/339/pdf?version=1436536125","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e18dd2ba2f584a68bb63f9c08917b871","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e18dd2ba2f584a68bb63f9c08917b871","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 6, Iss 3, Pp 339-360 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2078-2489/6/3/339/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info6030339","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info6030339","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info6030339","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/6/3/339/pdf?version=1436536125","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3807715277","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20112125120004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6529283248","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12YJCZH280","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1542364844.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1542364844.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972160828","https://openalex.org/W1978038771","https://openalex.org/W1980598089","https://openalex.org/W1997844571","https://openalex.org/W2007888975","https://openalex.org/W2010659373","https://openalex.org/W2021712510","https://openalex.org/W2055062656","https://openalex.org/W2057791989","https://openalex.org/W2068390235","https://openalex.org/W2091560809","https://openalex.org/W2109943925","https://openalex.org/W2119042759","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2120121093","https://openalex.org/W2122723498","https://openalex.org/W2127218421","https://openalex.org/W2127782573","https://openalex.org/W2149298154","https://openalex.org/W2153319891","https://openalex.org/W2159498975","https://openalex.org/W2162390532","https://openalex.org/W2162928552","https://openalex.org/W2165065922","https://openalex.org/W2172073485","https://openalex.org/W2757050470","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W6678144531","https://openalex.org/W6678402959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090763504","https://openalex.org/W2357256365","https://openalex.org/W148178222","https://openalex.org/W2348502264","https://openalex.org/W2104657898","https://openalex.org/W2365486383","https://openalex.org/W2758516947","https://openalex.org/W2113981829","https://openalex.org/W2112959154","https://openalex.org/W2382431814"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automated":[0],"forward":[1,150],"vehicle":[2,87],"detection":[3,38,181],"is":[4,51,62,157,163],"an":[5,65,78,92,128],"integral":[6],"component":[7],"of":[8,27,127,178],"many":[9],"advanced":[10],"driver-assistance":[11],"systems.":[12],"The":[13,160],"method":[14,162],"based":[15],"on":[16,166],"multi-visual":[17],"information":[18,156],"fusion,":[19],"with":[20,73,88,113,124],"its":[21],"exclusive":[22],"advantages,":[23],"has":[24],"become":[25],"one":[26],"the":[28,36,54,60,70,97,111,125,132,138,146,149,180],"important":[29],"topics":[30],"in":[31,148,176,186],"this":[32],"research":[33],"field.":[34],"During":[35],"whole":[37],"process,":[39],"there":[40],"are":[41,134],"two":[42],"key":[43],"points":[44],"that":[45],"should":[46],"to":[47,52,63,85,96,109,144],"be":[48],"resolved.":[49],"One":[50],"find":[53],"robust":[55,115],"features":[56,116,133],"for":[57,68],"identification":[58],"and":[59,103,170,183],"other":[61],"apply":[64,145],"efficient":[66],"algorithm":[67],"training":[69],"model":[71,84,147],"designed":[72],"multi-information.":[74],"This":[75],"paper":[76],"presents":[77],"adaptive":[79],"SVM":[80,140],"(Support":[81],"Vector":[82],"Machine)":[83],"detect":[86],"range":[89],"estimation":[90],"using":[91],"on-board":[93],"camera.":[94],"Due":[95],"extrinsic":[98],"factors":[99],"such":[100],"as":[101],"shadows":[102],"illumination,":[104],"we":[105],"pay":[106],"more":[107],"attention":[108],"enhancing":[110],"system":[112],"several":[114],"extracted":[117],"from":[118],"a":[119,167,187],"real":[120],"driving":[121],"environment.":[122,189],"Then,":[123],"introduction":[126],"improved":[129],"genetic":[130],"algorithm,":[131],"fused":[135],"efficiently":[136],"by":[137],"proposed":[139,161],"model.":[141],"In":[142],"order":[143],"collision":[151],"warning":[152],"system,":[153],"longitudinal":[154],"distance":[155],"provided":[158],"simultaneously.":[159],"successfully":[164],"implemented":[165],"test":[168],"car":[169],"evaluation":[171],"experimental":[172],"results":[173],"show":[174],"reliability":[175],"terms":[177],"both":[179],"rate":[182],"potential":[184],"effectiveness":[185],"real-driving":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
