{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133210790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info17030248","title":"A Study on Regional Disparities and Shifting Trends in Transportation Carbon Emissions in China","display_name":"A Study on Regional Disparities and Shifting Trends in Transportation Carbon Emissions in China","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133210790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info17030248"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info17030248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info17030248","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/17/3/248/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/17/3/248/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127839917","display_name":"Zhonghua Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186272606","display_name":"Guangdong University of Foreign Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/00fhc9y79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186272606"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhonghua Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186272606"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101517483","display_name":"Dehao Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8155-0690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9300472","display_name":"Bournemouth University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wwcw481","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9300472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dehao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing and Informatics, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH12 5BB, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and Informatics, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH12 5BB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9300472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127812930","display_name":"Yuanchen Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9300472","display_name":"Bournemouth University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wwcw481","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9300472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanchen Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing and Informatics, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH12 5BB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7108-7700","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and Informatics, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH12 5BB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9300472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xin Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-6031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I339756655","display_name":"Leeds Trinity University","ror":"https://ror.org/02x80b031","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I339756655"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Leeds Trinity University, Leeds LS18 5HD, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-6031","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Leeds Trinity University, Leeds LS18 5HD, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I339756655"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083586316","display_name":"Leon Smalov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73417466","display_name":"Coventry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgmhj36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leon Smalov","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Data Science, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1488-5887","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Data Science, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5127839917"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186272606","https://openalex.org/I339756655"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16381592,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3","first_page":"248","last_page":"248"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":0.7746999859809875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":0.7746999859809875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.08129999786615372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":0.011900000274181366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","score":0.5575000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/per-capita","display_name":"Per capita","score":0.5008000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-fibers","display_name":"Carbon fibers","score":0.4731999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid","display_name":"Centroid","score":0.43220001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.40939998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ridge","display_name":"Ridge","score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-factors","display_name":"Driving factors","score":0.3725000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.5575000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127598652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558635","display_name":"Per capita","level":3,"score":0.5008000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.4731999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.43220001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.40939998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32277403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740445","display_name":"Ridge","level":2,"score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.3725999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780083587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5308081","display_name":"Driving factors","level":3,"score":0.3725000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.33180001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126172416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1774424","display_name":"Carbon neutrality","level":3,"score":0.32019999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2962999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513535597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3267905","display_name":"Low-carbon economy","level":3,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127142870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7838279","display_name":"Trend analysis","level":2,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18785705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931373","display_name":"Scenario analysis","level":2,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136376716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55640","display_name":"Primary sector of the economy","level":3,"score":0.26339998841285706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info17030248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info17030248","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/17/3/248/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/6583470c-9bb5-4fbf-8080-42dbc7f1c87c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pureportal.coventry.ac.uk/en/publications/6583470c-9bb5-4fbf-8080-42dbc7f1c87c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402411","display_name":"Pure (Coventry University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I73417466","host_organization_name":"Coventry University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Shen, Z, Wu, D, Xu, Y, Lu, X & Smalov, L 2026, 'A Study on Regional Disparities and Shifting Trends in Transportation Carbon Emissions in China', Information , vol. 17, no. 3, 248. https://doi.org/10.3390/info17030248","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7d1c95171c484e03af471e500adf6a74","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7d1c95171c484e03af471e500adf6a74","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 17, Iss 3, p 248 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info17030248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info17030248","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/17/3/248/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4784229099750519,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7133210790.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7133210790.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963697600","https://openalex.org/W1966606556","https://openalex.org/W2063553902","https://openalex.org/W2115768128","https://openalex.org/W2902432662","https://openalex.org/W3123971221","https://openalex.org/W3155136631","https://openalex.org/W4206586140","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4211186773","https://openalex.org/W4255833381","https://openalex.org/W4317107240","https://openalex.org/W4393354341","https://openalex.org/W4405440810"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"order":[1],"to":[2,61,134,148,163,195,304],"achieve":[3],"the":[4,18,28,32,58,63,70,79,87,95,110,136,143,158,168,175,191,196,204,215,262,269,276,294,305],"carbon":[5,8,23,33,52,67,98,111,140,165,205,211,253,285],"peaking":[6],"and":[7,38,47,84,91,157,220,244,268,289,301],"neutrality":[9],"goals":[10],"in":[11,21,69,76,102,121,142,167,184,225,255,279],"China\u2019s":[12,103,185],"transportation":[13,22,71,104,144,169,186,235,241,258,277,306],"sector,":[14],"this":[15],"paper":[16,56],"examines":[17],"regional":[19,64],"data":[20],"emissions":[24,68,141,166,254],"across":[25,73],"China,":[26],"investigates":[27],"shifting":[29,208],"trends":[30],"of":[31,66,97,171,203,265,296],"emission":[34,53,99,112,206,212,298],"centroid":[35,89,100,113,207,213],"over":[36],"time,":[37],"proposes":[39],"a":[40,151],"novel":[41],"representation":[42],"using":[43],"fuzzy":[44],"set":[45,49],"theory":[46,50],"rough":[48],"for":[51,78,114,174,214],"prediction.":[54],"This":[55],"employs":[57],"ESDA":[59],"model":[60,90,160],"analyze":[62],"distribution":[65],"sector":[72,105,145,170,187,278],"30":[74],"provinces":[75],"China":[77],"years":[80,216],"2005,":[81,217],"2010,":[82,218],"2015,":[83,219],"2020.":[85,149],"Utilizing":[86],"economic":[88,242],"standard":[92],"deviation":[93],"ellipse,":[94],"trend":[96,202],"shifts":[101],"is":[106,119,132,161,222,273],"examined,":[107],"revealing":[108],"that":[109,181,232,275],"all":[115,248],"four":[116],"time":[117],"points":[118],"located":[120,224],"Henan":[122,127,172,226,256,280],"Province.":[123,227],"Subsequently,":[124],"focusing":[125],"on":[126,252,261],"Province,":[128],"ridge":[129],"regression":[130,229],"analysis":[131,156,230,267],"conducted":[133],"identify":[135],"driving":[137],"factors":[138],"influencing":[139],"from":[146,190],"2005":[147],"Lastly,":[150],"combined":[152,263],"approach":[153,264],"integrating":[154],"scenario":[155,266],"STIRPAT":[159,270],"employed":[162],"forecast":[164],"Province":[173,281],"period":[176],"2021\u20132035.":[177],"The":[178,210],"findings":[179],"suggest":[180],"high-carbon-emission":[182],"regions":[183],"gradually":[188],"extend":[189],"eastern":[192],"coastal":[193],"areas":[194],"southwestern":[197],"regions,":[198],"with":[199],"an":[200],"overall":[201],"northward.":[209],"2020":[221],"consistently":[223],"Ridge":[228],"indicates":[231],"population":[233],"size,":[234],"energy":[236,239],"consumption":[237],"intensity,":[238],"structure,":[240],"share,":[243],"per":[245],"capita":[246],"GDP":[247],"have":[249],"promoting":[250],"effects":[251],"Province\u2019s":[257],"sector.":[259,307],"Based":[260],"model,":[271],"it":[272],"predicted":[274],"may":[282],"reach":[283],"its":[284],"peak":[286],"between":[287],"2027":[288],"2029.":[290],"These":[291],"conclusions":[292],"facilitate":[293],"formulation":[295],"region-specific":[297],"reduction":[299],"policies":[300],"measures":[302],"tailored":[303]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2026-03-03T00:00:00"}