{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416904147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16121054","title":"Machine Learning-Enhanced Architecture Model for Integrated and FHIR-Based Health Data","display_name":"Machine Learning-Enhanced Architecture Model for Integrated and FHIR-Based Health Data","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416904147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16121054"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16121054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16121054","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/12/1054/pdf?version=1764662316","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/12/1054/pdf?version=1764662316","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090648317","display_name":"Nadia Brancati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9061-1187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005160176","display_name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking","ror":"https://ror.org/04r5fge26","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadia Brancati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking-National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking-National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004598103","display_name":"Tania Conte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9477-3589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005160176","display_name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking","ror":"https://ror.org/04r5fge26","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Teresa Conte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking-National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking-National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119578968","display_name":"Simona De Pietro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117450","display_name":"Federico II University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02jr6tp70","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117450","https://openalex.org/I71267560"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133840","display_name":"Villa Pineta Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03djjj187","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133840"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simona De Pietro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80138 Napoli, Italy","Pineta Grande Hospital, 81030 Castel Volturno, Italy","Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Naples \"Federico II\", 80138 Napoli, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80138 Napoli, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560","https://openalex.org/I4210117450"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pineta Grande Hospital, 81030 Castel Volturno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133840"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Naples \"Federico II\", 80138 Napoli, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560","https://openalex.org/I4210117450"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085340903","display_name":"M. Russo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4910-9922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005160176","display_name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking","ror":"https://ror.org/04r5fge26","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martina Russo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking-National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking-National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052538208","display_name":"Mario Sicuranza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8144-7506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005160176","display_name":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking","ror":"https://ror.org/04r5fge26","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Sicuranza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking-National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking-National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004598103","https://openalex.org/A5085340903"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005160176"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20283223,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"12","first_page":"1054","last_page":"1054"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.3889000117778778,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.3889000117778778,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.04820000007748604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.046799998730421066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.7293000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.6676999926567078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-system","display_name":"Information system","score":0.4496999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"Decision support system","score":0.4413999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-support-system","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","score":0.4041000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.388700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.38429999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-architecture","display_name":"Systems architecture","score":0.3578000068664551}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.7293000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7156000137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.6676999926567078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.4496999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.4413999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63527458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133829","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","level":3,"score":0.4041000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3905999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.388700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.38429999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3725999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98025372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477538","display_name":"Systems architecture","level":3,"score":0.3578000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3407000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.334199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21338462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662581","display_name":"Information model","level":2,"score":0.2976999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665453","display_name":"System integration","level":2,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53619493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4787093","display_name":"Architecture framework","level":3,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72634772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386824","display_name":"Data integration","level":2,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777019752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509084","display_name":"Hospital information system","level":3,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19443361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282533","display_name":"Disparate system","level":2,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780724565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227256","display_name":"Data classification","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16121054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16121054","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/12/1054/pdf?version=1764662316","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:70a931d1d22b434fa8fccf7f540e72b6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/70a931d1d22b434fa8fccf7f540e72b6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 16, Iss 12, p 1054 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16121054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16121054","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/12/1054/pdf?version=1764662316","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416904147.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416904147.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W429766147","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2276530525","https://openalex.org/W2765288370","https://openalex.org/W2766736793","https://openalex.org/W2801425970","https://openalex.org/W2965783377","https://openalex.org/W3002592716","https://openalex.org/W3097870063","https://openalex.org/W3110443126","https://openalex.org/W3135541354","https://openalex.org/W3157389263","https://openalex.org/W3193690090","https://openalex.org/W3197268234","https://openalex.org/W4221086517","https://openalex.org/W4226329234","https://openalex.org/W4233446838","https://openalex.org/W4285021577","https://openalex.org/W4288712110","https://openalex.org/W4310960002","https://openalex.org/W4362575874","https://openalex.org/W4382725954","https://openalex.org/W4388399144","https://openalex.org/W4389543654","https://openalex.org/W4390788513","https://openalex.org/W4401887180","https://openalex.org/W4402157649","https://openalex.org/W4402582321","https://openalex.org/W4402916353","https://openalex.org/W4407432855","https://openalex.org/W4407869099","https://openalex.org/W4409830659","https://openalex.org/W4413018191"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,69,247],"widespread":[1],"fragmentation":[2],"of":[3,12,120,261],"patient":[4,159],"information":[5,45,98,178],"across":[6],"heterogeneous":[7],"systems":[8,107,181],"and":[9,18,43,57,103,112,171,174,220,245],"the":[10,37,96,118,121,210,230,253],"lack":[11],"standardized":[13,184],"integration":[14],"mechanisms":[15],"hinder":[16],"efficient":[17],"comprehensive":[19],"medical":[20,47],"diagnostics.":[21],"To":[22,186],"address":[23],"these":[24],"limitations,":[25],"this":[26,200],"work":[27],"presents":[28],"an":[29,202],"architecture":[30,71],"framework":[31],"designed":[32],"to":[33,89,105,142,168,228,242],"support":[34],"physicians":[35],"in":[36,77,147,182],"diagnostic":[38,62],"process":[39],"by":[40,74],"integrating":[41],"clinical":[42,92,97,155,177],"socio-health":[44],"(patient":[46],"histories),":[48],"structured":[49],"documents":[50],"extracted":[51,60],"from":[52,61],"Health":[53],"Information":[54],"System":[55,82],"(HIS),":[56],"data":[58,113],"automatically":[59],"images":[63],"using":[64,162,209,237,252],"Artificial":[65],"Intelligence":[66],"(AI)":[67],"techniques.":[68],"proposed":[70],"is":[72,100,197],"made":[73],"several":[75],"modules,":[76],"particular":[78],"a":[79,183,190,238,258],"Decision":[80],"Support":[81],"(DSS)":[83],"that":[84],"enables":[85],"risk":[86,160],"assessment":[87],"related":[88],"specific":[90],"patient\u2019s":[91],"conditions.":[93],"In":[94,199],"addition,":[95],"retrieved":[99],"aggregated,":[101],"standardized,":[102],"transmitted":[104],"external":[106,180],"for":[108],"follow":[109],"up.":[110],"Standardization":[111],"interoperability":[114],"are":[115],"ensured":[116],"through":[117],"adoption":[119],"international":[122],"HL7":[123],"Fast":[124],"Healthcare":[125],"Interoperability":[126],"Resources":[127],"(FHIR)":[128],"standard,":[129],"which":[130,216],"facilitates":[131],"seamless":[132],"connection":[133],"with":[134,144,179,257],"HIS.":[135],"An":[136],"Android":[137],"application":[138],"has":[139],"been":[140],"developed":[141,208],"communicate":[143],"different":[145],"HISs":[146],"order":[148],"to:":[149],"(i)":[150],"retrieve":[151],"information,":[152],"(ii)":[153],"aggregate":[154],"data,":[156],"(iii)":[157],"calculate":[158],"scores":[161],"AI":[163],"algorithms,":[164],"(iv)":[165],"display":[166],"results":[167,249],"healthcare":[169],"professionals,":[170],"(v)":[172],"generate":[173],"share":[175],"relevant":[176],"format.":[185],"demonstrate":[187],"architecture\u2019s":[188],"applicability,":[189],"case":[191],"study":[192],"on":[193],"breast":[194],"cancer":[195],"diagnosis":[196],"presented.":[198],"context,":[201],"AI-based":[203],"Risk":[204],"Assessment":[205],"module":[206],"was":[207,235],"Breast":[211],"Ultrasound":[212],"Images":[213],"Dataset":[214],"(BUSI),":[215],"includes":[217],"benign,":[218],"malignant,":[219],"normal":[221],"cases.":[222],"Machine":[223],"Learning":[224],"algorithms":[225],"were":[226,250],"applied":[227],"perform":[229],"classification":[231],"task.":[232],"Model":[233],"performance":[234],"evaluated":[236],"4-fold":[239],"cross-validation":[240],"strategy":[241],"ensure":[243],"robustness":[244],"generalizability.":[246],"best":[248],"achieved":[251],"Multilayer":[254],"Perceptron":[255],"method,":[256],"competitive":[259],"F1-score":[260],"0.97.":[262]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-12-02T00:00:00"}