{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414409668","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16090819","title":"Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Tutoring and Dropout Prevention in Higher Education: A Scoping Review on Digital Transformation","display_name":"Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Tutoring and Dropout Prevention in Higher Education: A Scoping Review on Digital Transformation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414409668","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16090819"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16090819","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16090819","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/9/819/pdf?version=1758508552","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/9/819/pdf?version=1758508552","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042145303","display_name":"Washington Fierro-Saltos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7274-4701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087824","display_name":"Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar","ror":"https://ror.org/005cgg117","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087824"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Washington Ra\u00fal Fierro Saltos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ciencias de la Educaci\u00f3n, Sociales, Filos\u00f3ficas y Human\u00edsticas, Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar, Guaranda 020150, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7274-4701","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Educaci\u00f3n, Sociales, Filos\u00f3ficas y Human\u00edsticas, Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar, Guaranda 020150, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087824"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117798156","display_name":"Fabi\u00e1n Eduardo Fierro Saltos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087824","display_name":"Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar","ror":"https://ror.org/005cgg117","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087824"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabian Eduardo Fierro Saltos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas, Gesti\u00f3n Empresarial e Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar, Guaranda 020150, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8698-5930","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas, Gesti\u00f3n Empresarial e Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar, Guaranda 020150, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087824"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047353953","display_name":"Elizabeth Alexandra Veloz Segura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4562-7619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087824","display_name":"Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar","ror":"https://ror.org/005cgg117","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087824"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Veloz Segura Elizabeth Alexandra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ciencias de la Educaci\u00f3n, Sociales, Filos\u00f3ficas y Human\u00edsticas, Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar, Guaranda 020150, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4562-7619","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Educaci\u00f3n, Sociales, Filos\u00f3ficas y Human\u00edsticas, Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar, Guaranda 020150, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087824"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088540825","display_name":"E. Fabi\u00e1n Rivera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2612-4760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087824","display_name":"Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar","ror":"https://ror.org/005cgg117","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087824"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edgar Fabi\u00e1n Rivera Guzm\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carrera de Ingenier\u00eda Agroindustrial, Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar, Guaranda 020150, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2612-4760","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carrera de Ingenier\u00eda Agroindustrial, Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar, Guaranda 020150, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087824"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047353953"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087824"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":9.3452,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9785302,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"9","first_page":"819","last_page":"819"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13482","display_name":"Engineering Education and Technology","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12408","display_name":"Educational Innovations and Challenges","score":0.9221000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","score":0.6421999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toolbox","display_name":"Toolbox","score":0.36640000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applications-of-artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Applications of artificial intelligence","score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scopus","display_name":"Scopus","score":0.3465999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervention","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education","display_name":"Higher education","score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.31520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-learning","display_name":"Digital learning","score":0.3102000057697296}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339462","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","level":2,"score":0.6421999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.590499997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45730000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.39649999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777655017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501161","display_name":"Toolbox","level":2,"score":0.36640000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157170001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781507","display_name":"Applications of artificial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.34950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83867959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371467","display_name":"Scopus","level":3,"score":0.3465999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.31520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.31299999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780468074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16628824","display_name":"Digital learning","level":2,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126082660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4252370","display_name":"Digital transformation","level":2,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79581498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367530","display_name":"Suite","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779356329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922625","display_name":"Checklist","level":2,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.2831999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776505523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785468","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158592959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q869010","display_name":"Blended learning","level":3,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2581000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42525527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209955","display_name":"Formative assessment","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16090819","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16090819","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/9/819/pdf?version=1758508552","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d57d6c6325a2489d81d86a80830f88d4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d57d6c6325a2489d81d86a80830f88d4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 16, Iss 9, p 819 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16090819","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16090819","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/9/819/pdf?version=1758508552","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414409668.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2611740383","https://openalex.org/W2891378911","https://openalex.org/W2945554622","https://openalex.org/W3006167328","https://openalex.org/W3048190937","https://openalex.org/W3111404587","https://openalex.org/W3120327154","https://openalex.org/W3142537071","https://openalex.org/W3143323586","https://openalex.org/W3197532846","https://openalex.org/W3199058160","https://openalex.org/W3199870203","https://openalex.org/W3201990632","https://openalex.org/W3204237200","https://openalex.org/W3207469704","https://openalex.org/W3211698607","https://openalex.org/W3217334161","https://openalex.org/W4212853713","https://openalex.org/W4214821456","https://openalex.org/W4220670363","https://openalex.org/W4220948771","https://openalex.org/W4223914794","https://openalex.org/W4228997948","https://openalex.org/W4229442974","https://openalex.org/W4235488446","https://openalex.org/W4244624418","https://openalex.org/W4289342244","https://openalex.org/W4290992098","https://openalex.org/W4294990526","https://openalex.org/W4296252665","https://openalex.org/W4296448658","https://openalex.org/W4296473302","https://openalex.org/W4296754743","https://openalex.org/W4307938960","https://openalex.org/W4308248055","https://openalex.org/W4311113063","https://openalex.org/W4312634030","https://openalex.org/W4312830111","https://openalex.org/W4313009756","https://openalex.org/W4313414442","https://openalex.org/W4315853325","https://openalex.org/W4316657447","https://openalex.org/W4324131311","https://openalex.org/W4386031830","https://openalex.org/W4386963912","https://openalex.org/W4387151654","https://openalex.org/W4387305045","https://openalex.org/W4391032512","https://openalex.org/W4391559426","https://openalex.org/W4392111488","https://openalex.org/W4392200334","https://openalex.org/W4396858570","https://openalex.org/W4396901923","https://openalex.org/W4396930148","https://openalex.org/W4399704357","https://openalex.org/W4400944854","https://openalex.org/W4401017671","https://openalex.org/W4401070365","https://openalex.org/W4401870906","https://openalex.org/W4404140687","https://openalex.org/W4405077459","https://openalex.org/W4405491623","https://openalex.org/W4405645612","https://openalex.org/W4405726650","https://openalex.org/W4406115194","https://openalex.org/W4406845271","https://openalex.org/W4410717657","https://openalex.org/W4410845250"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,67,109,174],"increasing":[1],"integration":[2],"of":[3,43,51,90,106,179,189,198],"artificial":[4],"intelligence":[5],"into":[6,149],"educational":[7],"processes":[8],"offers":[9],"new":[10],"opportunities":[11],"to":[12,35,46,181],"address":[13],"critical":[14],"issues":[15],"in":[16,133,161,168],"higher":[17],"education,":[18],"such":[19,117,195],"as":[20,118,196],"student":[21],"dropout,":[22,52],"academic":[23,48,57],"underperformance,":[24],"and":[25,53,76,104,123,138,144,152,163,185,201,210],"the":[26,37,41,54,70,77,82,102,127,177,187],"need":[27,55],"for":[28,56,85,207],"personalized":[29],"tutoring.":[30],"This":[31],"scoping":[32],"review":[33,78,175],"aims":[34],"map":[36],"scientific":[38],"literature":[39],"on":[40,62,158],"use":[42],"AI":[44,180],"techniques":[45],"predict":[47],"performance,":[49],"risk":[50],"advising,":[58],"with":[59,129,170],"an":[60,130],"emphasis":[61],"e-learning":[63],"or":[64],"technology-mediated":[65],"environments.":[66],"study":[68],"follows":[69],"Joanna":[71],"Briggs":[72],"Institute":[73],"PCC":[74],"strategy,":[75],"was":[79],"reported":[80],"following":[81],"PRISMA-ScR":[83],"checklist":[84],"search":[86],"reporting.":[87],"A":[88],"total":[89],"63":[91],"peer-reviewed":[92],"empirical":[93],"studies":[94,156],"(2019\u20132025)":[95],"were":[96],"included":[97],"after":[98],"systematic":[99],"filtering":[100],"from":[101],"Scopus":[103],"Web":[105],"Science":[107],"databases.":[108],"findings":[110],"reveal":[111],"that":[112],"supervised":[113],"machine":[114],"learning":[115,165],"models,":[116],"decision":[119],"trees,":[120],"random":[121],"forests,":[122],"neural":[124],"networks,":[125],"dominate":[126],"field,":[128],"emerging":[131],"interest":[132],"deep":[134],"learning,":[135,137],"transfer":[136],"explainable":[139],"AI.":[140],"Academic,":[141],"behavioral,":[142],"emotional,":[143],"contextual":[145],"variables":[146],"are":[147,205],"integrated":[148],"increasingly":[150],"complex":[151],"interpretable":[153],"models.":[154],"Most":[155],"focus":[157],"undergraduate":[159],"students":[160],"digital":[162],"hybrid":[164],"contexts,":[166],"particularly":[167],"regions":[169],"high":[171],"dropout":[172],"rates.":[173],"highlights":[176],"potential":[178],"enable":[182],"early":[183],"intervention":[184],"improve":[186],"effectiveness":[188],"tutoring":[190],"systems,":[191],"while":[192],"noting":[193],"limitations":[194],"lack":[197],"model":[199],"generalization":[200],"ethical":[202],"concerns.":[203],"Recommendations":[204],"provided":[206],"future":[208],"research":[209],"institutional":[211],"integration.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-18T10:00:31.954636","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
