{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411275969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16060491","title":"Deep Learning Segmentation Techniques for Atherosclerotic Plaque on Ultrasound Imaging: A Systematic Review","display_name":"Deep Learning Segmentation Techniques for Atherosclerotic Plaque on Ultrasound Imaging: A Systematic Review","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411275969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16060491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16060491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16060491","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/6/491/pdf?version=1749811416","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/6/491/pdf?version=1749811416","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024949595","display_name":"Laura De Rosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6030-8483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106076","display_name":"Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica","ror":"https://ror.org/01kdj2848","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106076","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura De Rosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6030-8483","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4210106076"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085274612","display_name":"Serena L\u2019Abbate","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4462-0645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106076","display_name":"Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica","ror":"https://ror.org/01kdj2848","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106076","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Serena L\u2019Abbate","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4210106076"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001154360","display_name":"Eduarda Mota\u2010Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4305-8216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106076","display_name":"Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica","ror":"https://ror.org/01kdj2848","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106076","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eduarda Mota da Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4210106076"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111826447","display_name":"Marilisa Andretta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4042-015X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106076","display_name":"Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica","ror":"https://ror.org/01kdj2848","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106076","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mauro Andretta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4042-015X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4210106076"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067840451","display_name":"Elisabetta Bianchini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1827-8866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106076","display_name":"Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica","ror":"https://ror.org/01kdj2848","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106076","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisabetta Bianchini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4210106076"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038184386","display_name":"V. Gemignani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106076","display_name":"Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica","ror":"https://ror.org/01kdj2848","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106076","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincenzo Gemignani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4210106076"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017798442","display_name":"Claudia Kusmic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8064-8311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106076","display_name":"Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica","ror":"https://ror.org/01kdj2848","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106076","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Claudia Kusmic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8064-8311","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4210106076"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016859976","display_name":"Francesco Faita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6201-1843"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106076","display_name":"Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica","ror":"https://ror.org/01kdj2848","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106076","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Faita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6201-1843","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4210106076"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017798442"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106076","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":1.8559,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8399418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"6","first_page":"491","last_page":"491"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12979","display_name":"Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12979","display_name":"Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10816","display_name":"Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10924","display_name":"Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5316795706748962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.47891080379486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound","display_name":"Ultrasound","score":0.45718711614608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound-imaging","display_name":"Ultrasound imaging","score":0.4435775876045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intravascular-ultrasound","display_name":"Intravascular ultrasound","score":0.4251924157142639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40790241956710815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.4000679850578308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.33019042015075684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.32274484634399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.28177255392074585}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5316795706748962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.47891080379486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.45718711614608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986892559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234904","display_name":"Ultrasound imaging","level":3,"score":0.4435775876045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776931568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671577","display_name":"Intravascular ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.4251924157142639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40790241956710815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.4000679850578308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.33019042015075684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.32274484634399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.28177255392074585}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16060491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16060491","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/6/491/pdf?version=1749811416","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d0393f4d323749398d3dd68973f667c3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d0393f4d323749398d3dd68973f667c3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 16, Iss 6, p 491 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16060491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16060491","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/6/491/pdf?version=1749811416","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2527020696","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PRIN 2022WBSR95\u2013CUP B53D23021940006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322651","funder_display_name":"Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322651","display_name":"Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411275969.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411275969.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":93,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1870338903","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1904745228","https://openalex.org/W1991464907","https://openalex.org/W2015124783","https://openalex.org/W2121009299","https://openalex.org/W2122975632","https://openalex.org/W2123165689","https://openalex.org/W2124902846","https://openalex.org/W2130125423","https://openalex.org/W2136076360","https://openalex.org/W2147926183","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2533800772","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2594961640","https://openalex.org/W2761877971","https://openalex.org/W2940802589","https://openalex.org/W2944775438","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2964309882","https://openalex.org/W2966312603","https://openalex.org/W2969719524","https://openalex.org/W2976087195","https://openalex.org/W2991376978","https://openalex.org/W2996946113","https://openalex.org/W3007764110","https://openalex.org/W3033917691","https://openalex.org/W3036947639","https://openalex.org/W3083541849","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3124156453","https://openalex.org/W3130862144","https://openalex.org/W3133373015","https://openalex.org/W3175466514","https://openalex.org/W3182078573","https://openalex.org/W3187749735","https://openalex.org/W3199345417","https://openalex.org/W3204255226","https://openalex.org/W3214787750","https://openalex.org/W3217735524","https://openalex.org/W4200018044","https://openalex.org/W4200076524","https://openalex.org/W4210347219","https://openalex.org/W4210459896","https://openalex.org/W4213033189","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4282934128","https://openalex.org/W4290793628","https://openalex.org/W4293378144","https://openalex.org/W4297540602","https://openalex.org/W4308717692","https://openalex.org/W4309284813","https://openalex.org/W4310464851","https://openalex.org/W4312805827","https://openalex.org/W4317748836","https://openalex.org/W4319759385","https://openalex.org/W4327963690","https://openalex.org/W4367554105","https://openalex.org/W4376865732","https://openalex.org/W4377043199","https://openalex.org/W4378349488","https://openalex.org/W4379745399","https://openalex.org/W4385353878","https://openalex.org/W4385566347","https://openalex.org/W4385655331","https://openalex.org/W4387743975","https://openalex.org/W4388617801","https://openalex.org/W4389219519","https://openalex.org/W4390075139","https://openalex.org/W4390655385","https://openalex.org/W4393405247","https://openalex.org/W4394630411","https://openalex.org/W4394954979","https://openalex.org/W4395082556","https://openalex.org/W4396495510","https://openalex.org/W4398148039","https://openalex.org/W4401567818","https://openalex.org/W4401853433","https://openalex.org/W4401908631","https://openalex.org/W4402620141","https://openalex.org/W4403147824","https://openalex.org/W4403303086","https://openalex.org/W4403402234","https://openalex.org/W4404860460","https://openalex.org/W4405248023","https://openalex.org/W4406354466","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6748481559","https://openalex.org/W6807556630","https://openalex.org/W6851976704","https://openalex.org/W6852115706","https://openalex.org/W6873515133"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037387970","https://openalex.org/W4250133764","https://openalex.org/W2391770021","https://openalex.org/W2613177006","https://openalex.org/W4390298813","https://openalex.org/W2340352829","https://openalex.org/W2990800024","https://openalex.org/W4247495643","https://openalex.org/W3032126157","https://openalex.org/W2182698094"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Atherosclerotic":[1],"disease":[2],"is":[3,27],"the":[4,16,30,48,67,95,204,213,219],"leading":[5],"global":[6],"cause":[7],"of":[8,33,52,72,100,134,170,206,215,222],"death,":[9],"driven":[10],"by":[11],"progressive":[12],"plaque":[13,123,182,184,234],"accumulation":[14],"in":[15,55,63,75,94,128,236],"arteries.":[17],"Ultrasound":[18],"(US)":[19],"imaging,":[20,77],"both":[21],"conventional":[22],"(CUS)":[23],"and":[24,50,70,84,98,145,155,186,209,218,253,256],"intravascular":[25],"(IVUS),":[26],"crucial":[28],"for":[29,66,122,231],"non-invasive":[31],"assessment":[32],"atherosclerotic":[34,73,233],"plaques.":[35],"Deep":[36],"learning":[37],"(DL)":[38],"techniques":[39],"have":[40],"recently":[41],"gained":[42],"attention":[43],"as":[44,153,180],"tools":[45],"to":[46,114,199],"improve":[47],"accuracy":[49,164],"efficiency":[51],"image":[53],"analysis":[54,235],"this":[56],"domain.":[57],"This":[58],"paper":[59],"reviews":[60],"recent":[61],"advancements":[62],"DL-based":[64,226],"methods":[65],"segmentation,":[68,124],"classification,":[69],"quantification":[71,127],"plaques":[74],"US":[76,129,237,259],"focusing":[78,141],"on":[79,142,147],"their":[80],"performance,":[81],"clinical":[82,242],"relevance,":[83],"translational":[85],"challenges.":[86],"Methods:":[87],"A":[88,132],"systematic":[89],"literature":[90],"search":[91],"was":[92],"conducted":[93],"PubMed,":[96],"Scopus,":[97],"Web":[99],"Science":[101],"databases,":[102],"following":[103],"PRISMA":[104],"guidelines.":[105],"The":[106],"review":[107],"included":[108,203],"peer-reviewed":[109],"original":[110],"articles":[111],"published":[112],"up":[113],"31":[115],"January":[116],"2025":[117],"that":[118],"applied":[119],"DL":[120,150],"models":[121,174],"characterization,":[125],"and/or":[126],"images.":[130],"Results:":[131],"total":[133,181],"53":[135],"studies":[136],"were":[137,158],"included,":[138],"with":[139,165,190],"72%":[140],"carotid":[143],"CUS":[144],"28%":[146],"coronary":[148],"IVUS.":[149],"architectures,":[151],"such":[152],"UNet":[154],"attention-based":[156],"networks,":[157],"commonly":[159],"used,":[160],"achieving":[161],"high":[162],"segmentation":[163],"average":[166],"Dice":[167],"similarity":[168],"coefficients":[169,192],"around":[171],"84%.":[172],"Many":[173],"provided":[175],"reliable":[176],"quantitative":[177],"outputs":[178],"(such":[179],"area,":[183],"burden,":[185],"stenosis":[187],"severity":[188],"index)":[189],"correlation":[191],"often":[193],"exceeding":[194],"R":[195],"=":[196],"0.9":[197],"compared":[198],"manual":[200],"annotations.":[201],"Limitations":[202],"scarcity":[205],"large,":[207],"annotated,":[208],"publicly":[210],"available":[211],"datasets;":[212],"lack":[214],"external":[216,250],"validation;":[217],"limited":[220],"availability":[221],"open-source":[223],"code.":[224],"Conclusions:":[225],"approaches":[227],"show":[228],"considerable":[229],"promise":[230],"advancing":[232],"imaging.":[238],"To":[239],"facilitate":[240],"broader":[241],"adoption,":[243],"future":[244],"research":[245],"should":[246],"prioritize":[247],"methodological":[248],"standardization,":[249],"validation,":[251],"data":[252],"code":[254],"sharing,":[255],"integrating":[257],"3D":[258],"technologies.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
