{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409436879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16040309","title":"AI-Based Detection of Optical Microscopic Images of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Planktonic and Biofilm States","display_name":"AI-Based Detection of Optical Microscopic Images of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Planktonic and Biofilm States","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409436879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16040309","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41550100"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16040309","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16040309","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/4/309/pdf?version=1744616173","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/4/309/pdf?version=1744616173","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080212760","display_name":"Bidisha Sengupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4624-9998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201193091","display_name":"Stephen F. Austin State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hq0e369","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201193091"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bidisha Sengupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4624-9998","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201193091"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075110220","display_name":"Mousa Alrubayan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mousa Alrubayan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033178030","display_name":"Manideep Kolla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7763-2562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manideep Kolla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106512955","display_name":"Yibin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8761-5387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yibin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8761-5387","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045843980","display_name":"Esther Mallet","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201193091","display_name":"Stephen F. Austin State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hq0e369","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201193091"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esther Mallet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201193091"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052126401","display_name":"Angel Torres","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5189-2422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201193091","display_name":"Stephen F. Austin State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hq0e369","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201193091"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angel Torres","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201193091"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108568081","display_name":"R. Thomas Solis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201193091","display_name":"Stephen F. Austin State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hq0e369","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201193091"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ravyn Solis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201193091"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100386386","display_name":"Haifeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5644-3335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haifeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029679814","display_name":"Prabhakar Pradhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4363-2326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Prabhakar Pradhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4363-2326","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029679814","https://openalex.org/A5080212760","https://openalex.org/A5100386386"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201193091","https://openalex.org/I99041443"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":1.6953,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82854686,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":"309","last_page":"309"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10593","display_name":"Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10593","display_name":"Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofilm","display_name":"Biofilm","score":0.9147136807441711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudomonas-aeruginosa","display_name":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa","score":0.8842942714691162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbiology","display_name":"Microbiology","score":0.5316365957260132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.38783344626426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacteria","display_name":"Bacteria","score":0.19889631867408752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.04854464530944824}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58123911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467410","display_name":"Biofilm","level":3,"score":0.9147136807441711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777637488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31856","display_name":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa","level":3,"score":0.8842942714691162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.5316365957260132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.38783344626426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.19889631867408752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.04854464530944824}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16040309","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16040309","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/4/309/pdf?version=1744616173","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41550100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41550100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information (Basel)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:026bccb6983a46dd9ae8b387686373b2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/026bccb6983a46dd9ae8b387686373b2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 16, Iss 4, p 309 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12807543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12807543/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.sfasu.edu:chemistry_facultypubs-1106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/chemistry_facultypubs/108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234879","display_name":"Index of Texas Archaeology Open Access Grey Literature from the Lone Star State","issn_l":"2475-9333","issn":["2475-9333"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.sfasu.edu:chemistry_facultypubs-1108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/chemistry_facultypubs/107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234879","display_name":"Index of Texas Archaeology Open Access Grey Literature from the Lone Star State","issn_l":"2475-9333","issn":["2475-9333"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16040309","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16040309","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/4/309/pdf?version=1744616173","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G184367307","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21 CA260147","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5524870652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R03 DE032766","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/004a2wv92"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409436879.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409436879.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W106388879","https://openalex.org/W1543535991","https://openalex.org/W1981369081","https://openalex.org/W2003546559","https://openalex.org/W2015714026","https://openalex.org/W2030444736","https://openalex.org/W2040866030","https://openalex.org/W2042998210","https://openalex.org/W2053720633","https://openalex.org/W2080936059","https://openalex.org/W2080972098","https://openalex.org/W2097137679","https://openalex.org/W2108470315","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2348305080","https://openalex.org/W2517954747","https://openalex.org/W2548150542","https://openalex.org/W2761783016","https://openalex.org/W2803986511","https://openalex.org/W2910270598","https://openalex.org/W2910294669","https://openalex.org/W3002066853","https://openalex.org/W3008287718","https://openalex.org/W3032746769","https://openalex.org/W3037376496","https://openalex.org/W3037842701","https://openalex.org/W3048256572","https://openalex.org/W3080460032","https://openalex.org/W3083323523","https://openalex.org/W3092911864","https://openalex.org/W3102032040","https://openalex.org/W3154044589","https://openalex.org/W3187158005","https://openalex.org/W3195737959","https://openalex.org/W4283583107","https://openalex.org/W4294251766","https://openalex.org/W4301802631","https://openalex.org/W4318776475","https://openalex.org/W4377832597","https://openalex.org/W4385428013","https://openalex.org/W4387019916","https://openalex.org/W4388159528","https://openalex.org/W4399474746","https://openalex.org/W4399889449","https://openalex.org/W4400321274","https://openalex.org/W4402407567","https://openalex.org/W6705465095"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2377024769","https://openalex.org/W2365912673","https://openalex.org/W2984106036","https://openalex.org/W4396580402","https://openalex.org/W2896567050","https://openalex.org/W1641596209","https://openalex.org/W2091185511","https://openalex.org/W3131527100","https://openalex.org/W2336024593","https://openalex.org/W4388202013"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biofilms":[0],"are":[1,28,128],"resistant":[2],"microbial":[3],"cell":[4],"aggregates":[5],"that":[6],"pose":[7],"risks":[8],"to":[9,65,87,101],"the":[10,38,73,77,89],"health":[11],"and":[12,15,21,24,30,119],"food":[13],"industries":[14],"produce":[16],"environmental":[17],"contamination.":[18],"The":[19,122],"accurate":[20],"efficient":[22],"detection":[23],"prevention":[25],"of":[26,40,72,76,82,110,125],"biofilms":[27,50,84],"challenging":[29],"demand":[31],"interdisciplinary":[32],"approaches.":[33],"This":[34],"multidisciplinary":[35],"research":[36],"reports":[37],"application":[39],"a":[41],"deep":[42],"learning-based":[43],"artificial":[44],"intelligence":[45],"(AI)":[46],"model":[47],"for":[48,105],"detecting":[49],"produced":[51,70],"by":[52],"Pseudomonas":[53],"aeruginosa":[54],"with":[55,97],"high":[56],"accuracy.":[57],"Aptamer":[58],"DNA-templated":[59],"silver":[60],"nanocluster":[61],"(Ag-NC)":[62],"was":[63],"used":[64,86,95],"prevent":[66],"biofilm":[67,103,111],"formation,":[68],"which":[69],"images":[71,81,104],"planktonic":[74],"states":[75],"bacteria.":[78],"Large-volume":[79],"bright-field":[80],"bacterial":[83],"were":[85],"design":[88],"AI":[90,106],"model.":[91],"In":[92],"particular,":[93],"we":[94],"U-Net":[96],"ResNet":[98],"encoder":[99],"enhancement":[100],"segment":[102],"analysis.":[107],"Different":[108],"degrees":[109],"structures":[112],"can":[113],"be":[114],"efficiently":[115],"detected":[116],"using":[117],"ResNet18":[118],"ResNet34":[120],"backbones.":[121],"potential":[123],"applications":[124],"this":[126],"technique":[127],"also":[129],"discussed.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
