{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407837532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16030166","title":"Improving Physically Unclonable Functions\u2019 Performance Using Second-Order Compensated Measurement","display_name":"Improving Physically Unclonable Functions\u2019 Performance Using Second-Order Compensated Measurement","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407837532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16030166"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16030166","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16030166","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/3/166/pdf?version=1740150967","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/3/166/pdf?version=1740150967","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082478523","display_name":"Jorge Fern\u00e1ndez-Arag\u00f3n","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Fern\u00e1ndez-Arag\u00f3n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Electronic Design (GDE), Arag\u00f3n Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Electronic Design (GDE), Arag\u00f3n Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077570184","display_name":"Guillermo D\u00edez-Se\u00f1orans","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9131-0861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100615","display_name":"Centro Universitario de la Defensa en San Javier","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqz4988","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100615"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guillermo Diez-Se\u00f1orans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro Universitario de la Defensa (CUD), 50090 Zaragoza, Spain","Group of Electronic Design (GDE), Arag\u00f3n Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro Universitario de la Defensa (CUD), 50090 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100615"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Electronic Design (GDE), Arag\u00f3n Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024907644","display_name":"Miguel Garcia-Bosque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8648-6248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Garcia-Bosque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Electronic Design (GDE), Arag\u00f3n Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Electronic Design (GDE), Arag\u00f3n Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013141040","display_name":"Ra\u00fal Aparicio-T\u00e9llez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-6702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ra\u00fal Aparicio-T\u00e9llez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Electronic Design (GDE), Arag\u00f3n Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Electronic Design (GDE), Arag\u00f3n Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116376963","display_name":"Gabriel L\u00f3pez-Pinar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel L\u00f3pez-Pinar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Electronic Design (GDE), Arag\u00f3n Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Electronic Design (GDE), Arag\u00f3n Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075718351","display_name":"S. Celma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0182-7723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Santiago Celma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Electronic Design (GDE), Arag\u00f3n Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Electronic Design (GDE), Arag\u00f3n Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075718351"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02504491,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"166","last_page":"166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12495","display_name":"Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics","score":0.958899974822998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-unclonable-function","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","score":0.605436384677887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49779319763183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4416210353374481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.23607686161994934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.15118646621704102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.0837322473526001}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8643368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4046262","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","level":3,"score":0.605436384677887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49779319763183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4416210353374481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.23607686161994934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.15118646621704102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0837322473526001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16030166","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16030166","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/3/166/pdf?version=1740150967","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zaguan.unizar.es:153128","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/153128","pdf_url":"https://zaguan.unizar.es/record/153128/files/texto_completo.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401812","display_name":"Zaguan (University of Zaragoza Repository)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f78f74eb88544c22be9b979757ea2edb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f78f74eb88544c22be9b979757ea2edb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 16, Iss 3, p 166 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info16030166","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info16030166","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/3/166/pdf?version=1740150967","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1029209756","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2023-150244OB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8774019198","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PDC2023-145838-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407837532.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407837532.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963105592","https://openalex.org/W2126460857","https://openalex.org/W2276932661","https://openalex.org/W2277209461","https://openalex.org/W2317538430","https://openalex.org/W2483049553","https://openalex.org/W2487822210","https://openalex.org/W2614845332","https://openalex.org/W2731703024","https://openalex.org/W2889187825","https://openalex.org/W3092407863","https://openalex.org/W3151293064","https://openalex.org/W3186471288","https://openalex.org/W3210969919","https://openalex.org/W4286228785","https://openalex.org/W4293230625","https://openalex.org/W4308659671","https://openalex.org/W4312156178","https://openalex.org/W4312230597","https://openalex.org/W4389242277","https://openalex.org/W6774761856","https://openalex.org/W6798765303","https://openalex.org/W6811025115","https://openalex.org/W6840348223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4386278306","https://openalex.org/W2010558539","https://openalex.org/W2580259249","https://openalex.org/W3096667951","https://openalex.org/W4288068867","https://openalex.org/W102880045","https://openalex.org/W2594513438"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,79,135,172],"this":[1,50,182,197],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,81],"study":[4],"the":[5,42,75,84,101,104,108,114,142,151,159,174,178,201,204],"performance":[6,92,106,202],"of":[7,36,71,107,116,141,144,177,203,208],"second-order":[8,29],"compensated":[9,30,44,76,133],"measurement":[10,31,77],"to":[11,69,127,164],"generate":[12],"a":[13,27,37,117,128],"multi-bit":[14],"response":[15],"in":[16,57,206],"physically":[17],"unclonable":[18],"functions":[19],"(PUFs).":[20],"The":[21],"proposed":[22,54,160],"technique":[23,51,109,183,199],"is":[24,93],"based":[25,48],"on":[26,49],"novel":[28],"generating":[32],"multiple":[33],"bits":[34],"instead":[35],"single":[38],"bit":[39,153,156],"provided":[40],"by":[41,149,166,181],"conventional":[43,132],"measurement.":[45,134],"A":[46],"PUF":[47,73,120,205],"has":[52,110,190],"been":[53,67,111,191],"and":[55,61,64,89,124,162,187],"implemented":[56],"40":[58],"Artix-7":[59],"FPGAs,":[60],"its":[62],"uniqueness":[63],"reproducibility":[65],"have":[66],"compared":[68,126],"those":[70],"another":[72,155],"using":[74,96,158,167],"technique.":[78],"addition,":[80,173],"demonstrate":[82],"that":[83,130],"best":[85],"trade-off":[86],"between":[87,122],"identifiability":[88,115],"computation":[90],"time":[91],"obtained":[94],"when":[95],"only":[97],"two":[98],"bits.":[99],"At":[100],"same":[102],"time,":[103],"good":[105],"demonstrated,":[112],"improving":[113],"ring":[118],"oscillator":[119],"(RO-PUF)":[121],"70":[123],"90%":[125],"RO-PUF":[129],"uses":[131],"particular,":[136],"equal":[137],"error":[138],"rates":[139],"(EER)":[140],"order":[143],"EER\u223c10\u221216":[145],"can":[146,212],"be":[147,213],"achieved":[148],"combining":[150],"sign":[152],"with":[154],"extracted":[157],"technique;":[161],"up":[163],"EER\u223c10\u221219":[165],"one":[168],"more":[169],"extra":[170],"bit.":[171],"high":[175],"reliability":[176],"responses":[179],"generated":[180],"against":[184],"possible":[185],"temperature":[186],"voltage":[188],"variations":[189],"proved.":[192],"These":[193],"results":[194],"show":[195],"how":[196],"new":[198],"improves":[200],"terms":[207],"identifiability,":[209],"so":[210],"it":[211],"effectively":[214],"used":[215],"for":[216],"device":[217],"identification":[218],"purposes.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
