{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4307945583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info13110513","title":"Exploring the Utility of Dutch Question Answering Datasets for Human Resource Contact Centres","display_name":"Exploring the Utility of Dutch Question Answering Datasets for Human Resource Contact Centres","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4307945583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info13110513"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info13110513","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info13110513","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/13/11/513/pdf?version=1666942945","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/13/11/513/pdf?version=1666942945","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040779847","display_name":"Cha\u00efm van Toledo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6808-6291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cha\u00efm van Toledo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6808-6291","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030494548","display_name":"Marijn Schraagen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marijn Schraagen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089095903","display_name":"Friso van Dijk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8696-1045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Friso van Dijk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8696-1045","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008347841","display_name":"Matthieu Brinkhuis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1054-6683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthieu Brinkhuis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1054-6683","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033880574","display_name":"Marco Spruit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9237-221X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","display_name":"Leiden University","ror":"https://ror.org/027bh9e22","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Spruit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 1, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9237-221X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 1, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040779847"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.3186,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64141745,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"11","first_page":"513","last_page":"513"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.7800716161727905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.6973024606704712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6796470880508423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.5577048659324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.5531387329101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.528901994228363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5170814990997314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4859687089920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-resources","display_name":"Human resources","score":0.4219495356082916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3245096206665039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.2957983613014221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.1701907217502594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.12376594543457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.10528701543807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.07977786660194397}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.7800716161727905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.6973024606704712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6796470880508423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5577048659324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.5531387329101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.528901994228363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5170814990997314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4859687089920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107645774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5467169","display_name":"Human resources","level":2,"score":0.4219495356082916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3245096206665039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.2957983613014221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1701907217502594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.12376594543457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.10528701543807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07977786660194397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info13110513","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info13110513","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/13/11/513/pdf?version=1666942945","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:lumc:oai:scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl:item_3566706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1887/3566706","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, 13(11). MDPI","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:31ade9d5fde547c58f08cef4295d6f31","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/31ade9d5fde547c58f08cef4295d6f31","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 13, Iss 11, p 513 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2078-2489/13/11/513/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info13110513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information; Volume 13; Issue 11; Pages: 513","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl:item_3566706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1887/3566706","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400850","display_name":"Leiden Repository (Leiden University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","host_organization_name":"Leiden University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"Article / Letter to editor"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl:item_4239022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1887/4239022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400850","display_name":"Leiden Repository (Leiden University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","host_organization_name":"Leiden University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:uu:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/423758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/423758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, 13(11), 1. MDPI","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info13110513","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info13110513","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/13/11/513/pdf?version=1666942945","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331774","display_name":"Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties","ror":"https://ror.org/01at1x128"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4307945583.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4307945583.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2165306248","https://openalex.org/W2557764419","https://openalex.org/W2888302696","https://openalex.org/W2890399523","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2946434750","https://openalex.org/W2963323070","https://openalex.org/W2963748441","https://openalex.org/W2964223283","https://openalex.org/W2970960342","https://openalex.org/W2972381305","https://openalex.org/W2979826702","https://openalex.org/W2995541765","https://openalex.org/W2998733856","https://openalex.org/W3001393026","https://openalex.org/W3034478991","https://openalex.org/W3099756172","https://openalex.org/W3104667152","https://openalex.org/W3105220303","https://openalex.org/W3105451204","https://openalex.org/W3123942056","https://openalex.org/W3128513378","https://openalex.org/W3132743538","https://openalex.org/W3171930167"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2618286804","https://openalex.org/W2384605597","https://openalex.org/W2329643025","https://openalex.org/W2387743295","https://openalex.org/W3131163342","https://openalex.org/W2166271660","https://openalex.org/W2092256833","https://openalex.org/W2142369114","https://openalex.org/W2002770077","https://openalex.org/W2361728394"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,48,74,111],"explore":[1],"the":[2,19,39,42,45,60,63,85,102,120],"use":[3],"case":[4],"of":[5,21,44,62,122],"question":[6],"answering":[7],"(QA)":[8],"by":[9],"a":[10,50],"contact":[11],"centre":[12],"for":[13,92,97],"130,000":[14],"Dutch":[15,51],"government":[16],"employees":[17],"in":[18,59,107],"domain":[20],"questions":[22,28,58,94,99],"about":[23],"human":[24],"resources":[25],"(HR).":[26],"HR":[27,52],"can":[29],"be":[30],"answered":[31],"using":[32],"personnel":[33],"files":[34],"or":[35,81],"general":[36],"documentation,":[37],"with":[38,55],"latter":[40],"being":[41],"focus":[43],"current":[46],"research.":[47],"created":[49],"QA":[53],"dataset":[54],"over":[56],"300":[57],"format":[61],"Squad":[64],"2.0":[65],"dataset,":[66],"which":[67],"distinguishes":[68],"between":[69],"answerable":[70,98],"and":[71,95],"unanswerable":[72,93],"questions.":[73],"applied":[75],"various":[76],"BERT-based":[77],"models,":[78],"either":[79],"directly":[80],"after":[82],"finetuning":[83],"on":[84,101],"new":[86],"dataset.":[87],"The":[88],"F1-scores":[89],"reached":[90],"0.47":[91],"1.0":[96],"depending":[100],"topic;":[103],"however,":[104],"large":[105],"variations":[106],"scores":[108],"were":[109],"observed.":[110],"conclude":[112],"more":[113],"data":[114],"are":[115],"needed":[116],"to":[117],"further":[118],"improve":[119],"performance":[121],"this":[123],"task.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2022-11-06T00:00:00"}
