{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4223595951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info13040193","title":"Instruments and Tools to Identify Radical Textual Content","display_name":"Instruments and Tools to Identify Radical Textual Content","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4223595951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info13040193"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info13040193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info13040193","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/13/4/193/pdf?version=1649751985","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/13/4/193/pdf?version=1649751985","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035274820","display_name":"Josiane Mothe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9273-2193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17866349","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Toulouse Midi-Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es","ror":"https://ror.org/004raaa70","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Josiane Mothe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse, IRIT UMR5505 CNRS, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, Componsante INSPE UT2J, IRIT, UMR5505 CNRS, 118 Rte de Narbonne, F-31400 Toulouse, France","Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","Syst\u00e8mes d\u2019Informations G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9es"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse, IRIT UMR5505 CNRS, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, Componsante INSPE UT2J, IRIT, UMR5505 CNRS, 118 Rte de Narbonne, F-31400 Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I17866349","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syst\u00e8mes d\u2019Informations G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9es","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080180898","display_name":"Md Zia Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4022-7344"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17866349","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Toulouse Midi-Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es","ror":"https://ror.org/004raaa70","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Zia Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse, IRIT UMR5505 CNRS, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, Componsante INSPE UT2J, IRIT, UMR5505 CNRS, 118 Rte de Narbonne, F-31400 Toulouse, France","Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","Syst\u00e8mes d\u2019Informations G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9es"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse, IRIT UMR5505 CNRS, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, Componsante INSPE UT2J, IRIT, UMR5505 CNRS, 118 Rte de Narbonne, F-31400 Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I17866349","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134560555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syst\u00e8mes d\u2019Informations G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9es","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087834183","display_name":"Guenter Okon","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guenter Okon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Musterbasierte Prognosetechnik (IfmPt), 46145 Oberhausen, Germany","Institut f\u00fcr Musterbasierte Prognosetechnik"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Musterbasierte Prognosetechnik (IfmPt), 46145 Oberhausen, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Musterbasierte Prognosetechnik","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037566701","display_name":"Thomas Schweer","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Schweer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Musterbasierte Prognosetechnik (IfmPt), 46145 Oberhausen, Germany","Institut f\u00fcr Musterbasierte Prognosetechnik"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Musterbasierte Prognosetechnik (IfmPt), 46145 Oberhausen, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Musterbasierte Prognosetechnik","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026181269","display_name":"Alfonsas Jur\u0161\u0117nas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132731249","display_name":"Baltic International Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/02r52cf76","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132731249"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153438","display_name":"Baltic Institute of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05g0bc010","country_code":"LT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153438"]}],"countries":["LT","LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfonsas Jur\u0161\u0117nas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baltic Institute of Advanced Technology (BPTI), Pilies g. 16, 01124 Vilnius, Lithuania","Baltic Institute of Advanced Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baltic Institute of Advanced Technology (BPTI), Pilies g. 16, 01124 Vilnius, Lithuania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153438"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baltic Institute of Advanced Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132731249"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001567075","display_name":"Justina Mandravickait\u0117","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9426-6165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132731249","display_name":"Baltic International Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/02r52cf76","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132731249"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153438","display_name":"Baltic Institute of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05g0bc010","country_code":"LT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153438"]}],"countries":["LT","LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justina Mandravickait\u0117","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baltic Institute of Advanced Technology (BPTI), Pilies g. 16, 01124 Vilnius, Lithuania","Baltic Institute of Advanced Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baltic Institute of Advanced Technology (BPTI), Pilies g. 16, 01124 Vilnius, Lithuania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153438"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baltic Institute of Advanced Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132731249"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035274820"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I17866349","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.379,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.667095,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"193","last_page":"193"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.6219201683998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5316821932792664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.48730623722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrorism","display_name":"Terrorism","score":0.4735003113746643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.46619242429733276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideology","display_name":"Ideology","score":0.4422605633735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4213525652885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4140448272228241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.39528191089630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3837957978248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.20648780465126038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1829056441783905}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6219201683998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5316821932792664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.48730623722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203133693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7283","display_name":"Terrorism","level":2,"score":0.4735003113746643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.46619242429733276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.4422605633735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4213525652885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4140448272228241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.39528191089630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3837957978248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.20648780465126038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1829056441783905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info13040193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info13040193","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/13/4/193/pdf?version=1649751985","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03853890v2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ut3-toulouseinp.hal.science/hal-03853890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/13/4/193","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6b2179ff56cb4305bb1162d724f2c24b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6b2179ff56cb4305bb1162d724f2c24b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 13, Iss 4, p 193 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2078-2489/13/4/193/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info13040193","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information; Volume 13; Issue 4; Pages: 193","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info13040193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info13040193","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/13/4/193/pdf?version=1649751985","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4223595951.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4223595951.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523964824","https://openalex.org/W1799750435","https://openalex.org/W1866034557","https://openalex.org/W1927629402","https://openalex.org/W1980665119","https://openalex.org/W2043004216","https://openalex.org/W2050253370","https://openalex.org/W2077565765","https://openalex.org/W2087391290","https://openalex.org/W2102733276","https://openalex.org/W2113873049","https://openalex.org/W2130786629","https://openalex.org/W2133286915","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2167329753","https://openalex.org/W2194578903","https://openalex.org/W2223092947","https://openalex.org/W2247201174","https://openalex.org/W2502225864","https://openalex.org/W2522459578","https://openalex.org/W2522581443","https://openalex.org/W2525230286","https://openalex.org/W2576502108","https://openalex.org/W2606776062","https://openalex.org/W2758617394","https://openalex.org/W2760668562","https://openalex.org/W2766008516","https://openalex.org/W2766312015","https://openalex.org/W2803013062","https://openalex.org/W2810689830","https://openalex.org/W2897042519","https://openalex.org/W2906183835","https://openalex.org/W2945060553","https://openalex.org/W2946539989","https://openalex.org/W2950018712","https://openalex.org/W2962798918","https://openalex.org/W2971452796","https://openalex.org/W2972541020","https://openalex.org/W2973226110","https://openalex.org/W2999528396","https://openalex.org/W3042684660","https://openalex.org/W3100279624","https://openalex.org/W3122396520","https://openalex.org/W3135948175","https://openalex.org/W3138374141","https://openalex.org/W3184161195","https://openalex.org/W3196248941","https://openalex.org/W4206316840","https://openalex.org/W4230230395","https://openalex.org/W4231510805","https://openalex.org/W4239188521","https://openalex.org/W6631201193","https://openalex.org/W6639619044","https://openalex.org/W6679547769","https://openalex.org/W6691383283","https://openalex.org/W6721933647"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2358556841","https://openalex.org/W2393918707","https://openalex.org/W569815712","https://openalex.org/W2347506984","https://openalex.org/W2356608624","https://openalex.org/W2389874476","https://openalex.org/W2357886583","https://openalex.org/W2948332946","https://openalex.org/W2381639109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Internet":[1,106,125],"and":[2,23,57,69,86,94,107,127,157,170],"social":[3,60],"networks":[4],"are":[5,27,150],"increasingly":[6],"becoming":[7],"a":[8,65,152],"media":[9],"of":[10,36,50,59,67,112,115,136],"extremist":[11,102,120],"propaganda.":[12],"On":[13],"homepages,":[14],"in":[15,100,110,129],"forums":[16],"or":[17],"chats,":[18],"extremists":[19],"spread":[20],"their":[21],"ideologies":[22],"world":[24],"views,":[25],"which":[26],"often":[28],"contrary":[29],"to":[30,72,75,96,143],"the":[31,37,105,134,137,146,165],"basic":[32],"liberal":[33],"democratic":[34],"values":[35],"European":[38],"Union.":[39],"It":[40],"is":[41,46],"not":[42],"uncommon":[43],"that":[44,83],"violence":[45],"used":[47,148],"against":[48],"those":[49,53],"different":[51],"faiths,":[52],"who":[54],"think":[55],"differently,":[56],"members":[58],"minorities.":[61],"This":[62,117,160],"paper":[63],"presents":[64],"set":[66],"instruments":[68],"tools":[70,90,138],"developed":[71,95],"help":[73],"investigators":[74],"better":[76],"address":[77],"hybrid":[78],"security":[79,98],"threats,":[80],"i.e.,":[81],"threats":[82],"combine":[84],"physical":[85],"cyber":[87],"attacks.":[88],"These":[89],"have":[91],"been":[92],"designed":[93],"support":[97],"authorities":[99],"identifying":[101],"propaganda":[103],"on":[104,122],"classifying":[108],"it":[109],"terms":[111],"its":[113],"degree":[114],"danger.":[116],"concerns":[118],"both":[119],"content":[121,128],"freely":[123],"accessible":[124],"pages":[126],"closed":[130],"chats.":[131],"We":[132],"illustrate":[133],"functionalities":[135],"through":[139],"an":[140],"example":[141],"related":[142],"radicalisation":[144],"detection;":[145],"data":[147],"here":[149],"just":[151],"few":[153],"tweets,":[154],"emails":[155],"propaganda,":[156],"darknet":[158],"posts.":[159],"work":[161],"was":[162],"supported":[163],"by":[164],"EU":[166],"granted":[167],"PREVISION":[168],"(Prediction":[169],"Visual":[171],"Intelligence":[172],"for":[173],"Security":[174],"Intelligence)":[175],"project.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2022-04-15T00:00:00"}
