{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200411988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12120525","title":"Robust Complaint Processing in Portuguese","display_name":"Robust Complaint Processing in Portuguese","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200411988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12120525"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info12120525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12120525","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/12/525/pdf?version=1639718948","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/12/525/pdf?version=1639718948","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035645484","display_name":"Henrique Lopes Cardoso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1252-7515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Henrique Lopes-Cardoso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laborat\u00f3rio de Intelig\u00eancia Artificial e Ci\u00eancia de Computadores (LIACC), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1252-7515","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intelig\u00eancia Artificial e Ci\u00eancia de Computadores (LIACC), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090636860","display_name":"Tom\u00e1s Freitas Os\u00f3rio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8840-8761"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom\u00e1s Freitas Os\u00f3rio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laborat\u00f3rio de Intelig\u00eancia Artificial e Ci\u00eancia de Computadores (LIACC), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intelig\u00eancia Artificial e Ci\u00eancia de Computadores (LIACC), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109532557","display_name":"Lu\u00eds Vilar Barbosa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu\u00eds Vilar Barbosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laborat\u00f3rio de Intelig\u00eancia Artificial e Ci\u00eancia de Computadores (LIACC), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intelig\u00eancia Artificial e Ci\u00eancia de Computadores (LIACC), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029352933","display_name":"Gil Rocha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-7292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gil Rocha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laborat\u00f3rio de Intelig\u00eancia Artificial e Ci\u00eancia de Computadores (LIACC), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-7292","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intelig\u00eancia Artificial e Ci\u00eancia de Computadores (LIACC), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089812166","display_name":"Lu\u00eds Paulo Reis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4709-1718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu\u00eds Paulo Reis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laborat\u00f3rio de Intelig\u00eancia Artificial e Ci\u00eancia de Computadores (LIACC), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4709-1718","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Intelig\u00eancia Artificial e Ci\u00eancia de Computadores (LIACC), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103960615","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro Machado","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro Machado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Autoridade para a Seguran\u00e7a Alimentar e Econ\u00f3mica (ASAE), Rua Rodrigo da Fonseca, 73, 1269-274 Lisbon, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Autoridade para a Seguran\u00e7a Alimentar e Econ\u00f3mica (ASAE), Rua Rodrigo da Fonseca, 73, 1269-274 Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ana Maria Oliveira","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Maria Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Autoridade para a Seguran\u00e7a Alimentar e Econ\u00f3mica (ASAE), Rua Rodrigo da Fonseca, 73, 1269-274 Lisbon, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Autoridade para a Seguran\u00e7a Alimentar e Econ\u00f3mica (ASAE), Rua Rodrigo da Fonseca, 73, 1269-274 Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035645484"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19510729,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"12","first_page":"525","last_page":"525"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.9580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complaint","display_name":"Complaint","score":0.8711193203926086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/portuguese","display_name":"Portuguese","score":0.7928687334060669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7019711136817932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6325805187225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.5843244194984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5280405282974243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brazilian-portuguese","display_name":"Brazilian Portuguese","score":0.48172953724861145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.403989315032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.34487342834472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.1923447847366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.15737155079841614}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780838233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836925","display_name":"Complaint","level":2,"score":0.8711193203926086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35219183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5146","display_name":"Portuguese","level":2,"score":0.7928687334060669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7019711136817932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6325805187225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5843244194984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5280405282974243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778880076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750553","display_name":"Brazilian Portuguese","level":3,"score":0.48172953724861145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.403989315032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.34487342834472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1923447847366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.15737155079841614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info12120525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12120525","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/12/525/pdf?version=1639718948","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:11d993eaf235437db949cb05ecd70500","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/11d993eaf235437db949cb05ecd70500","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 12, Iss 12, p 525 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2078-2489/12/12/525/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12120525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information; Volume 12; Issue 12; Pages: 525","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info12120525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12120525","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/12/525/pdf?version=1639718948","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1854806664","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INCoDe.2030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4860199209","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SFRH/BD/140125/2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00snfqn58"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200411988.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200411988.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W86095864","https://openalex.org/W1614298861","https://openalex.org/W1728842521","https://openalex.org/W1832693441","https://openalex.org/W2110485445","https://openalex.org/W2117332520","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2156741031","https://openalex.org/W2165740683","https://openalex.org/W2206583085","https://openalex.org/W2217666260","https://openalex.org/W2497298739","https://openalex.org/W2547928088","https://openalex.org/W2749581528","https://openalex.org/W2769703088","https://openalex.org/W2774523402","https://openalex.org/W2774675872","https://openalex.org/W2785533151","https://openalex.org/W2886409580","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2898202995","https://openalex.org/W2914120296","https://openalex.org/W2963251942","https://openalex.org/W2963626623","https://openalex.org/W2970726176","https://openalex.org/W2975524140","https://openalex.org/W2979826702","https://openalex.org/W2980708516","https://openalex.org/W2983680039","https://openalex.org/W2998216295","https://openalex.org/W3025165074","https://openalex.org/W3037109418","https://openalex.org/W3096266342","https://openalex.org/W3112028611","https://openalex.org/W4231510805","https://openalex.org/W4301480734","https://openalex.org/W6639619044","https://openalex.org/W6688609668","https://openalex.org/W6723881240","https://openalex.org/W6747212042","https://openalex.org/W6763238093","https://openalex.org/W6764072591","https://openalex.org/W6767627787","https://openalex.org/W7066667914"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899664355","https://openalex.org/W2306266016","https://openalex.org/W4254443907","https://openalex.org/W2886753397","https://openalex.org/W4377968335","https://openalex.org/W2544314260","https://openalex.org/W4387674232","https://openalex.org/W340238179","https://openalex.org/W174271798","https://openalex.org/W3118496204"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Natural":[1],"Language":[2],"Processing":[3],"(NLP)":[4],"community":[5],"has":[6],"witnessed":[7],"huge":[8],"improvements":[9],"in":[10,50,83,106],"the":[11,34,40,89,117,132,139],"last":[12],"years.":[13],"However,":[14],"most":[15],"achievements":[16],"are":[17],"evaluated":[18],"on":[19,79,157],"benchmarked":[20],"curated":[21],"corpora,":[22],"with":[23,72],"little":[24],"attention":[25],"devoted":[26],"to":[27,141],"user-generated":[28,80],"content":[29],"and":[30,45,100,103,150],"less-resourced":[31],"languages.":[32],"Despite":[33],"fact":[35],"that":[36],"recent":[37],"approaches":[38],"target":[39],"development":[41],"of":[42,67,91,111,124],"multi-lingual":[43],"tools":[44],"models,":[46],"they":[47],"still":[48],"underperform":[49],"languages":[51],"such":[52],"as":[53],"Portuguese,":[54],"for":[55,97,154],"which":[56],"linguistic":[57],"resources":[58],"do":[59],"not":[60],"abound.":[61],"This":[62,85],"paper":[63],"exposes":[64],"a":[65,73,92,108],"set":[66],"challenges":[68],"encountered":[69],"when":[70,130],"dealing":[71],"real-world":[74],"complex":[75],"NLP":[76],"problem,":[77],"based":[78],"complaint":[81],"data":[82],"Portuguese.":[84],"case":[86],"study":[87],"meets":[88],"needs":[90],"country-wide":[93],"governmental":[94],"institution":[95],"responsible":[96],"food":[98],"safety":[99],"economic":[101],"surveillance,":[102],"its":[104],"responsibilities":[105],"handling":[107],"high":[109],"number":[110],"citizen":[112],"complaints.":[113],"Beyond":[114],"looking":[115],"at":[116],"problem":[118],"from":[119],"an":[120],"exclusively":[121],"academic":[122],"point":[123],"view,":[125],"we":[126],"adopt":[127],"application-level":[128],"concerns":[129],"analyzing":[131],"progress":[133],"obtained":[134],"through":[135],"different":[136],"techniques,":[137],"including":[138],"need":[140],"obtain":[142],"explainable":[143],"decision":[144],"support.":[145],"We":[146],"discuss":[147],"modeling":[148],"choices":[149],"provide":[151],"useful":[152],"insights":[153],"researchers":[155],"working":[156],"similar":[158],"problems":[159],"or":[160],"data.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
