{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3212484985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12110465","title":"Data Ownership: A Survey","display_name":"Data Ownership: A Survey","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3212484985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12110465","mag":"3212484985"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info12110465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12110465","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/11/465/pdf?version=1636617381","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/11/465/pdf?version=1636617381","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034210042","display_name":"Jad Asswad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-0605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202367325","display_name":"Oldenburger Institut f\u00fcr Informatik","ror":"https://ror.org/003sav189","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202367325"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jad Asswad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Integration & Processing Group, R&D Devision Energy, OFFIS Institute for Information Technology, 26121 Oldenburg, Lower Saxony, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-0605","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Integration & Processing Group, R&D Devision Energy, OFFIS Institute for Information Technology, 26121 Oldenburg, Lower Saxony, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202367325"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027635656","display_name":"Jorge Marx G\u00f3mez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7833-7549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129877168","display_name":"Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/033n9gh91","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129877168"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Marx G\u00f3mez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Division of of Business Informatics/VLBA, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Lower Saxony, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Division of of Business Informatics/VLBA, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Lower Saxony, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129877168"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034210042"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202367325"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":2.6597,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91720329,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"11","first_page":"465","last_page":"465"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.6064975261688232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procurement","display_name":"Procurement","score":0.5708755254745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4989349842071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.4702761471271515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subject","display_name":"Subject (documents)","score":0.46083882451057434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4462870955467224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4317779242992401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.30864977836608887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.2657950222492218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11360609531402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.10757875442504883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.10485184192657471}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.6064975261688232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201650216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829492","display_name":"Procurement","level":2,"score":0.5708755254745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4989349842071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4702761471271515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.46083882451057434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4462870955467224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4317779242992401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.30864977836608887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.2657950222492218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11360609531402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.10757875442504883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.10485184192657471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info12110465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12110465","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/11/465/pdf?version=1636617381","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7083b213d8b74a52a7761e4eb7166740","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7083b213d8b74a52a7761e4eb7166740","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 12, Iss 11, p 465 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2078-2489/12/11/465/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12110465","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information; Volume 12; Issue 11; Pages: 465","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info12110465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12110465","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/11/465/pdf?version=1636617381","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6771927123","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"03EE3016D","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323803","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323803","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie","ror":"https://ror.org/02vgg2808"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3212484985.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3212484985.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":120,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W58885590","https://openalex.org/W239523607","https://openalex.org/W594626433","https://openalex.org/W1164226364","https://openalex.org/W1493974790","https://openalex.org/W1511720087","https://openalex.org/W1520270249","https://openalex.org/W1528076390","https://openalex.org/W1541250240","https://openalex.org/W1545823519","https://openalex.org/W1600506198","https://openalex.org/W1859184552","https://openalex.org/W1975111017","https://openalex.org/W1975153313","https://openalex.org/W1978402737","https://openalex.org/W1983722717","https://openalex.org/W2011839813","https://openalex.org/W2015362681","https://openalex.org/W2016127001","https://openalex.org/W2022588737","https://openalex.org/W2026568962","https://openalex.org/W2027471022","https://openalex.org/W2029807049","https://openalex.org/W2034809183","https://openalex.org/W2039387436","https://openalex.org/W2043606064","https://openalex.org/W2055590499","https://openalex.org/W2058428248","https://openalex.org/W2067357063","https://openalex.org/W2080186492","https://openalex.org/W2080784019","https://openalex.org/W2083472026","https://openalex.org/W2088264741","https://openalex.org/W2101880488","https://openalex.org/W2108196201","https://openalex.org/W2108983962","https://openalex.org/W2123737882","https://openalex.org/W2124972954","https://openalex.org/W2126071029","https://openalex.org/W2135155571","https://openalex.org/W2139650347","https://openalex.org/W2145747124","https://openalex.org/W2147383536","https://openalex.org/W2156555857","https://openalex.org/W2159065056","https://openalex.org/W2161140849","https://openalex.org/W2161299495","https://openalex.org/W2182617692","https://openalex.org/W2269816967","https://openalex.org/W2278186831","https://openalex.org/W2280084045","https://openalex.org/W2288062722","https://openalex.org/W2292548112","https://openalex.org/W2297289892","https://openalex.org/W2409189362","https://openalex.org/W2460236366","https://openalex.org/W2466223192","https://openalex.org/W2484472104","https://openalex.org/W2522448907","https://openalex.org/W2531399364","https://openalex.org/W2551799351","https://openalex.org/W2561905839","https://openalex.org/W2566758857","https://openalex.org/W2576179182","https://openalex.org/W2583031215","https://openalex.org/W2626526019","https://openalex.org/W2669238978","https://openalex.org/W2711661370","https://openalex.org/W2730936454","https://openalex.org/W2731079083","https://openalex.org/W2732922352","https://openalex.org/W2738880827","https://openalex.org/W2739545880","https://openalex.org/W2746431867","https://openalex.org/W2748692995","https://openalex.org/W2749029156","https://openalex.org/W2749247755","https://openalex.org/W2751293337","https://openalex.org/W2768225558","https://openalex.org/W2768481906","https://openalex.org/W2782252985","https://openalex.org/W2786151040","https://openalex.org/W2789452461","https://openalex.org/W2790400697","https://openalex.org/W2807542381","https://openalex.org/W2884325794","https://openalex.org/W2891242909","https://openalex.org/W2906830231","https://openalex.org/W2909463780","https://openalex.org/W2910220809","https://openalex.org/W2912985423","https://openalex.org/W2915008554","https://openalex.org/W2919785122","https://openalex.org/W2922919311","https://openalex.org/W2945403765","https://openalex.org/W2957347123","https://openalex.org/W2963049181","https://openalex.org/W2963106566","https://openalex.org/W2964132125","https://openalex.org/W3102661748","https://openalex.org/W3124935112","https://openalex.org/W3141585064","https://openalex.org/W3152153867","https://openalex.org/W4232583984","https://openalex.org/W4248358572","https://openalex.org/W4300127641","https://openalex.org/W6602340556","https://openalex.org/W6609380698","https://openalex.org/W6627649164","https://openalex.org/W6678417761","https://openalex.org/W6681587520","https://openalex.org/W6697350784","https://openalex.org/W6700452576","https://openalex.org/W6742020437","https://openalex.org/W6747471107","https://openalex.org/W6816300447","https://openalex.org/W6840947060","https://openalex.org/W6941174269","https://openalex.org/W7017676852","https://openalex.org/W7070544060"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4322629366","https://openalex.org/W2808989540","https://openalex.org/W2397053934","https://openalex.org/W1039292361","https://openalex.org/W2731626691","https://openalex.org/W2551093110","https://openalex.org/W2148016376","https://openalex.org/W4237919137","https://openalex.org/W3184179822","https://openalex.org/W3095362084"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"importance":[1],"of":[2,40,61,66,76,88,101,108,128],"data":[3,16,18,71,77,89,109,129],"is":[4,19],"increasing":[5],"along":[6],"its":[7],"inflation":[8],"in":[9,37,45,50,111,141],"our":[10],"world":[11],"today.":[12],"In":[13],"the":[14,38,53,57,64,70,74,86,96,106,134],"big":[15],"era,":[17],"becoming":[20],"a":[21,32],"main":[22],"source":[23],"for":[24,136],"innovation,":[25],"knowledge":[26],"and":[27,34,47,59,72,84,91,116,120,139],"insight,":[28],"as":[29,31],"well":[30],"competitive":[33],"financial":[35],"advantage":[36],"race":[39],"information":[41],"procurement.":[42],"This":[43,81],"interest":[44],"acquiring":[46],"exploiting":[48],"data,":[49],"addition":[51],"to":[52],"existing":[54],"concerns":[55],"regarding":[56],"privacy":[58],"security":[60],"information,":[62],"raises":[63],"question":[65],"who":[67],"should":[68],"own":[69],"how":[73],"ownership":[75,90,110,130],"can":[78],"be":[79],"preserved.":[80],"paper":[82],"discusses":[83],"analyses":[85],"concept":[87],"provides":[92],"an":[93,125],"overview":[94],"on":[95],"subject":[97],"from":[98],"different":[99],"point":[100],"views.":[102],"It":[103],"surveys":[104],"also":[105],"state-of-the-art":[107],"health,":[112],"transportation,":[113],"industry,":[114],"energy":[115],"smart":[117],"cities":[118],"sectors":[119],"outlines":[121],"lessons":[122],"learned":[123],"with":[124],"extended":[126],"definition":[127],"that":[131],"may":[132],"pave":[133],"way":[135],"future":[137],"research":[138],"work":[140],"this":[142],"area.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}