{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3142833226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12040143","title":"Enhanced Binary MQ Arithmetic Coder with Look-Up Table","display_name":"Enhanced Binary MQ Arithmetic Coder with Look-Up Table","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3142833226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12040143","mag":"3142833226"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info12040143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12040143","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/4/143/pdf?version=1617937224","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/4/143/pdf?version=1617937224","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112623233","display_name":"Hyung-Hwa Ko","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161024014","display_name":"Kwangwoon University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e9zc863","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hyung-Hwa Ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112623233"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.6959,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67761584,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"143","last_page":"143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic-coding","display_name":"Arithmetic coding","score":0.8332791328430176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-adaptive-binary-arithmetic-coding","display_name":"Context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding","score":0.8017674684524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.6824269890785217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lossless-compression","display_name":"Lossless compression","score":0.6817939877510071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.6109703779220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jpeg-2000","display_name":"JPEG 2000","score":0.5993504524230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lossy-compression","display_name":"Lossy compression","score":0.5727311372756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy-encoding","display_name":"Entropy encoding","score":0.5409259796142578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-compression","display_name":"Image compression","score":0.49443793296813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.48868992924690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byte","display_name":"Byte","score":0.4834507405757904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-adaptive-variable-length-coding","display_name":"Context-adaptive variable-length coding","score":0.4767937660217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.47530660033226013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4693525731563568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.46671387553215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tunstall-coding","display_name":"Tunstall coding","score":0.46613356471061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44938531517982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saturation-arithmetic","display_name":"Saturation arithmetic","score":0.4448031187057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shannon\u2013fano-coding","display_name":"Shannon\u2013Fano coding","score":0.4107819199562073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arbitrary-precision-arithmetic","display_name":"Arbitrary-precision arithmetic","score":0.36770012974739075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.14890724420547485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12691888213157654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11664426326751709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.11371403932571411}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153338461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2651","display_name":"Arithmetic coding","level":4,"score":0.8332791328430176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175732694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128713","display_name":"Context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding","level":3,"score":0.8017674684524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.6824269890785217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81081738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55542","display_name":"Lossless compression","level":3,"score":0.6817939877510071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.6109703779220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69216139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931783","display_name":"JPEG 2000","level":5,"score":0.5993504524230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165021410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55564","display_name":"Lossy compression","level":2,"score":0.5727311372756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1769480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1345239","display_name":"Entropy encoding","level":3,"score":0.5409259796142578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13481523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412438","display_name":"Image compression","level":4,"score":0.49443793296813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.48868992924690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43364308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8799","display_name":"Byte","level":2,"score":0.4834507405757904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135534801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128721","display_name":"Context-adaptive variable-length coding","level":4,"score":0.4767937660217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.47530660033226013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4693525731563568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.46671387553215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73231260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7853376","display_name":"Tunstall coding","level":4,"score":0.46613356471061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44938531517982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182775192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q913725","display_name":"Saturation arithmetic","level":3,"score":0.4448031187057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130811719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2645","display_name":"Shannon\u2013Fano coding","level":4,"score":0.4107819199562073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83581934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527381","display_name":"Arbitrary-precision arithmetic","level":2,"score":0.36770012974739075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.14890724420547485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12691888213157654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11664426326751709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.11371403932571411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info12040143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12040143","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/4/143/pdf?version=1617937224","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8cb46595718f46cfa9060d0b80778bb6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8cb46595718f46cfa9060d0b80778bb6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 12, Iss 4, p 143 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2078-2489/12/4/143/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12040143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information; Volume 12; Issue 4; Pages: 143","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info12040143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12040143","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/4/143/pdf?version=1617937224","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321374","display_name":"Kwangwoon University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e9zc863"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3142833226.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3142833226.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W158805393","https://openalex.org/W1508812406","https://openalex.org/W1519253855","https://openalex.org/W1567917159","https://openalex.org/W1987921959","https://openalex.org/W2019972422","https://openalex.org/W2034323860","https://openalex.org/W2046419776","https://openalex.org/W2047175145","https://openalex.org/W2072210981","https://openalex.org/W2107927941","https://openalex.org/W2126711987","https://openalex.org/W2129652681","https://openalex.org/W2129768577","https://openalex.org/W2135083501","https://openalex.org/W2135864272","https://openalex.org/W2153613748","https://openalex.org/W2441239399","https://openalex.org/W2478708596","https://openalex.org/W2485304108","https://openalex.org/W2955063527","https://openalex.org/W3000380828","https://openalex.org/W6631215974","https://openalex.org/W6678659513","https://openalex.org/W6764847461"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312628177","https://openalex.org/W1579872668","https://openalex.org/W2156106714","https://openalex.org/W1587903609","https://openalex.org/W2123072960","https://openalex.org/W2148686647","https://openalex.org/W1994532706","https://openalex.org/W1597448694","https://openalex.org/W1507241080","https://openalex.org/W2534861103"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Binary":[0],"MQ":[1,16,52,79,93],"arithmetic":[2,33,54,94,143],"coding":[3,14,34,113],"is":[4,35,39,58,124,182],"widely":[5],"used":[6,25,59],"as":[7,41],"a":[8,42,183],"basic":[9,140],"entropy":[10,44],"coder":[11,17,45,95],"in":[12,20,26,46,60,77,126,161],"multimedia":[13],"system.":[15],"esteems":[18],"high":[19],"compression":[21,152,154],"efficiency":[22,155],"to":[23,85,96,110,132],"be":[24],"JBIG2":[27,149],"and":[28,120],"JPEG2000.":[29],"The":[30],"importance":[31],"of":[32,63,66,70,99,148,164,189],"increasing":[36],"after":[37],"it":[38],"adopted":[40],"unique":[43],"HEVC":[47],"standard.":[48],"In":[49,145,159],"the":[50,61,71,78,81,112,146,162,176,192],"binary":[51,92,133,142],"coder,":[53,80],"approximation":[55],"without":[56],"multiplication":[57],"process":[62],"recursive":[64],"subdivision":[65],"range":[67],"interval.":[68],"Because":[69],"MPS/LPS":[72],"exchange":[73],"activity":[74],"that":[75],"happens":[76],"output":[82],"byte":[83,169],"tends":[84],"increase.":[86],"This":[87],"paper":[88],"proposes":[89],"an":[90],"enhanced":[91],"make":[97],"use":[98],"look-up":[100,122],"table":[101],"(LUT)":[102],"for":[103,139],"(A":[104],"\u00d7":[105],"Qe)":[106],"using":[107,117,172],"quantization":[108,116],"skill":[109],"improve":[111],"efficiency.":[114],"Multi-level":[115],"2-level,":[118],"4-level":[119],"8-level":[121,173],"tables":[123],"proposed":[125],"this":[127,180],"paper.":[128],"Experimental":[129],"results":[130],"applying":[131],"documents":[134],"show":[135],"about":[136,157,186],"3%":[137],"improvement":[138,188],"context-free":[141],"coding.":[144],"case":[147,163],"bi-level":[150],"image":[151],"standard,":[153],"improved":[156],"0.9%.":[158],"addition,":[160],"lossless":[165],"JPEG2000":[166,178],"compression,":[167],"compressed":[168],"decreases":[170],"1.5%":[171],"LUT.":[174],"For":[175],"lossy":[177],"coding,":[179],"figure":[181],"little":[184],"lower,":[185],"0.3%":[187],"PSNR":[190],"at":[191],"same":[193],"rate.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}