{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120046563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12010024","title":"A Frequent Pattern Conjunction Heuristic for Rule Generation in Data Streams","display_name":"A Frequent Pattern Conjunction Heuristic for Rule Generation in Data Streams","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120046563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12010024","mag":"3120046563"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info12010024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12010024","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/1/24/pdf?version=1610611822","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/1/24/pdf?version=1610611822","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085158698","display_name":"Frederic Stahl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4860-0203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33256026","display_name":"German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01ayc5b57","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}],"countries":["DE","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Frederic Stahl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AY, UK","Research Department Marine Perception, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence GmbH (DFKI), 26129 Oldenburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4860-0203","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Department Marine Perception, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence GmbH (DFKI), 26129 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034331422","display_name":"Thien Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0111-7273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thien Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089791573","display_name":"Atta Badii","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5130-152X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atta Badii","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AY, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5130-152X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016157034","display_name":"Mohamed Medhat Gaber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0339-4474"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","display_name":"Birmingham City University","ror":"https://ror.org/00t67pt25","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400009028","display_name":"Galala University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x3ne739","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4400009028"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Medhat Gaber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Galala University, Galala City 43511, Egypt","School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0339-4474","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Galala University, Galala City 43511, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4400009028"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085158698"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026","https://openalex.org/I71052956"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.4197,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67435275,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"24","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9753000140190125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.818152666091919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-stream-mining","display_name":"Data stream mining","score":0.7901046872138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.6197772026062012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorical-variable","display_name":"Categorical variable","score":0.5968230962753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-stream","display_name":"Data stream","score":0.5816964507102966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-data","display_name":"Raw data","score":0.5150613784790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transaction-data","display_name":"Transaction data","score":0.5132017135620117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.5077803730964661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.45999985933303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association-rule-learning","display_name":"Association rule learning","score":0.44725942611694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clickstream","display_name":"Clickstream","score":0.4273768961429596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.36516129970550537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36422574520111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.36055809259414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.15021121501922607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.11973723769187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.10883668065071106}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.818152666091919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89198739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3079880","display_name":"Data stream mining","level":2,"score":0.7901046872138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.6197772026062012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5274069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2285707","display_name":"Categorical variable","level":2,"score":0.5968230962753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778484313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172540","display_name":"Data stream","level":2,"score":0.5816964507102966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.5150613784790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127722929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7833714","display_name":"Transaction data","level":3,"score":0.5132017135620117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.5077803730964661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.45999985933303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193524817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386780","display_name":"Association rule learning","level":2,"score":0.44725942611694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138744977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5132438","display_name":"Clickstream","level":5,"score":0.4273768961429596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.36516129970550537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36422574520111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.36055809259414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.15021121501922607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.11973723769187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.10883668065071106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130436687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978591","display_name":"Web modeling","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127613066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557770","display_name":"Web API","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info12010024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12010024","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/1/24/pdf?version=1610611822","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:95630","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90005065.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402273","display_name":"CentAUR (University of Reading)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","host_organization_name":"University of Reading","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5a7ffa76e46447a6a7966ff56ba49957","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5a7ffa76e46447a6a7966ff56ba49957","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 12, Iss 1, p 24 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2078-2489/12/1/24/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12010024","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information; Volume 12; Issue 1; Pages: 24","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk:10720","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/10720/1/information-12-00024.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402654","display_name":"BCU Open Access Repository (Birmingham City University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","host_organization_name":"Birmingham City University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info12010024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info12010024","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/12/1/24/pdf?version=1610611822","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6700000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4077004141","display_name":"Fast Generalised Rule Induction","funder_award_id":"EP/M016870/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5727837808","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/M016870/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120046563.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120046563.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W75518229","https://openalex.org/W182707955","https://openalex.org/W1549485114","https://openalex.org/W1553696291","https://openalex.org/W1563249575","https://openalex.org/W1585854823","https://openalex.org/W1591695423","https://openalex.org/W1965972569","https://openalex.org/W1975852288","https://openalex.org/W1987927386","https://openalex.org/W1990079212","https://openalex.org/W2001474264","https://openalex.org/W2008391847","https://openalex.org/W2010657328","https://openalex.org/W2011101028","https://openalex.org/W2016159616","https://openalex.org/W2016194249","https://openalex.org/W2022775778","https://openalex.org/W2036928248","https://openalex.org/W2068714596","https://openalex.org/W2073256825","https://openalex.org/W2084544490","https://openalex.org/W2087866628","https://openalex.org/W2089967664","https://openalex.org/W2099302642","https://openalex.org/W2103012681","https://openalex.org/W2110643325","https://openalex.org/W2115500010","https://openalex.org/W2129490689","https://openalex.org/W2140190241","https://openalex.org/W2143991132","https://openalex.org/W2145898068","https://openalex.org/W2154642793","https://openalex.org/W2156233342","https://openalex.org/W2165962877","https://openalex.org/W2170936641","https://openalex.org/W2273718352","https://openalex.org/W2290616839","https://openalex.org/W2486624530","https://openalex.org/W2508807458","https://openalex.org/W2596993382","https://openalex.org/W2621038116","https://openalex.org/W2758474378","https://openalex.org/W2777804614","https://openalex.org/W2806160505","https://openalex.org/W2806874342","https://openalex.org/W2885060605","https://openalex.org/W2886346162","https://openalex.org/W2891221453","https://openalex.org/W2893016462","https://openalex.org/W2895831816","https://openalex.org/W2896153502","https://openalex.org/W2912806030","https://openalex.org/W2941358638","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2946345288","https://openalex.org/W2954664475","https://openalex.org/W2969613015","https://openalex.org/W2969822227","https://openalex.org/W2969908592","https://openalex.org/W2997016033","https://openalex.org/W2998465056","https://openalex.org/W3001665249","https://openalex.org/W3011535835","https://openalex.org/W3041378136","https://openalex.org/W4229900359","https://openalex.org/W4233413206","https://openalex.org/W4237421257","https://openalex.org/W4249650575","https://openalex.org/W4255466416","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6601120366","https://openalex.org/W6603119099","https://openalex.org/W6633402183","https://openalex.org/W6654446701","https://openalex.org/W6696536659","https://openalex.org/W6772049078"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3036124657","https://openalex.org/W4389449520","https://openalex.org/W127192698","https://openalex.org/W3014936414","https://openalex.org/W2570600173","https://openalex.org/W2893008024","https://openalex.org/W2585472988","https://openalex.org/W2743735673","https://openalex.org/W2360131081","https://openalex.org/W1992391735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,139],"paper":[1,219,278],"introduces":[2],"a":[3,96,109,155,281],"new":[4,266],"and":[5,52,60,70,120,153,194,215,241,269,284],"expressive":[6,119,163],"algorithm":[7,213],"for":[8,58,125,235],"inducing":[9],"descriptive":[10,121,232],"rule-sets":[11,249],"from":[12,238],"streaming":[13,126],"data":[14,39,46,67,86,102,127,181,237,258,267],"in":[15,17,25,41,145,151,180,217,256,275],"real-time":[16,63],"order":[18],"to":[19,74,91,230,247,250],"describe":[20],"frequent":[21],"patterns":[22],"explicitly":[23],"encoded":[24,255],"the":[26,35,48,56,93,136,142,184,189,253,257,263],"stream.":[27],"Data":[28,122],"Stream":[29],"Mining":[30,123],"(DSM)":[31],"is":[32,113,196,220,228,245],"concerned":[33],"with":[34],"automatic":[36],"analysis":[37],"of":[38,45,95,100,135,177,186,191,199,208,252,287],"streams":[40,68,182],"real-time.":[42,276],"Rapid":[43],"flows":[44],"challenge":[47],"state-of-the":[49],"art":[50],"processing":[51],"communication":[53],"infrastructure,":[54],"hence":[55],"motivation":[57],"research":[59,200],"innovation":[61],"into":[62],"algorithms":[64],"that":[65,89,167,201],"analyse":[66],"on-the-fly":[69],"can":[71,168,270],"automatically":[72],"adapt":[73,248],"concept":[75],"drifts.":[76],"To":[77],"date,":[78],"DSM":[79,137],"techniques":[80],"have":[81],"largely":[82],"focused":[83],"on":[84,262],"predictive":[85],"mining":[87],"applications":[88],"aim":[90],"forecast":[92],"value":[94],"particular":[97],"target":[98],"feature":[99],"unseen":[101],"instances,":[103],"answering":[104],"questions":[105],"such":[106],"as":[107,133,165,265],"whether":[108],"credit":[110],"card":[111],"transaction":[112],"fraudulent":[114],"or":[115],"not.":[116],"A":[117],"real-time,":[118],"technique":[124],"has":[128,140,149,202],"not":[129],"been":[130],"previously":[131],"established":[132],"part":[134],"toolkit.":[138],"motivated":[141],"work":[143],"reported":[144],"this":[146,218],"paper,":[147],"which":[148],"resulted":[150],"developing":[152],"validating":[154],"Generalised":[156,223],"Rule":[157,224],"Induction":[158,225],"(GRI)":[159],"tool,":[160],"thus":[161,271],"producing":[162],"rules":[164,233],"explanations":[166],"be":[169,272],"easily":[170],"understood":[171],"by":[172],"human":[173],"analysts.":[174],"The":[175,212,277],"expressiveness":[176],"decision":[178],"models":[179],"serves":[183],"objectives":[185],"transparency,":[187],"underpinning":[188],"vision":[190],"\u2018explainable":[192],"AI\u2019":[193],"yet":[195],"an":[197],"area":[198],"attracted":[203],"less":[204],"attention":[205],"despite":[206],"being":[207],"high":[209],"practical":[210],"importance.":[211],"introduced":[214],"described":[216],"termed":[221],"Fast":[222],"(FGRI).":[226],"FGRI":[227,244],"able":[229,246],"induce":[231],"incrementally":[234],"raw":[236],"both":[239],"categorical":[240],"numerical":[242],"features.":[243],"changes":[251],"pattern":[254],"stream":[259],"(concept":[260],"drift)":[261],"fly":[264],"arrives":[268],"applied":[273],"continuously":[274],"also":[279],"provides":[280],"theoretical,":[282],"qualitative":[283],"empirical":[285],"evaluation":[286],"FGRI.":[288]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2021-01-18T00:00:00"}
