{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3027882993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info11050277","title":"Mode Awareness and Automated Driving\u2014What Is It and How Can It Be Measured?","display_name":"Mode Awareness and Automated Driving\u2014What Is It and How Can It Be Measured?","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3027882993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info11050277","mag":"3027882993"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info11050277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info11050277","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/11/5/277/pdf?version=1590064485","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/11/5/277/pdf?version=1590064485","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004045940","display_name":"Christina Kurpiers","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283382300","display_name":"BMW (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05vs9tj88","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156768","display_name":"BMW Group (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/044kkbh92","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christina Kurpiers","raw_affiliation_strings":["BMW Group, Knorrstrasse 147, 80788 M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BMW Group, Knorrstrasse 147, 80788 M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010268554","display_name":"Bianca Biebl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1611-7348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283382300","display_name":"BMW (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05vs9tj88","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156768","display_name":"BMW Group (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/044kkbh92","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bianca Biebl","raw_affiliation_strings":["BMW Group, Knorrstrasse 147, 80788 M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BMW Group, Knorrstrasse 147, 80788 M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062994312","display_name":"Julia Mejia Hernandez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283382300","display_name":"BMW (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05vs9tj88","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156768","display_name":"BMW Group (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/044kkbh92","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia Mejia Hernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["BMW Group, Knorrstrasse 147, 80788 M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BMW Group, Knorrstrasse 147, 80788 M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091035458","display_name":"Florian Raisch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283382300","display_name":"BMW (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05vs9tj88","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156768","display_name":"BMW Group (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/044kkbh92","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florian Raisch","raw_affiliation_strings":["BMW Group, Knorrstrasse 147, 80788 M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BMW Group, Knorrstrasse 147, 80788 M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004045940","https://openalex.org/A5010268554"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":4.3145,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94332219,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"5","first_page":"277","last_page":"277"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14056","display_name":"Safety Warnings and Signage","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situation-awareness","display_name":"Situation awareness","score":0.6954408884048462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.6168429851531982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operationalization","display_name":"Operationalization","score":0.6081684827804565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparability","display_name":"Comparability","score":0.6057165861129761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.6016993522644043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.5892210602760315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.5479211807250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5247007608413696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.44150227308273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.3983285129070282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3590461015701294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27549636363983154}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.6954408884048462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.6168429851531982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.6081684827804565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197947376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5155608","display_name":"Comparability","level":2,"score":0.6057165861129761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.6016993522644043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.5892210602760315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.5479211807250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5247007608413696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.44150227308273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3983285129070282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3590461015701294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27549636363983154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info11050277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info11050277","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/11/5/277/pdf?version=1590064485","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:387f56cf19544ce4abd822b4f0ec0bbe","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/387f56cf19544ce4abd822b4f0ec0bbe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 11, Iss 5, p 277 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2078-2489/11/5/277/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11050277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info11050277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info11050277","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/11/5/277/pdf?version=1590064485","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3027882993.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3027882993.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116278252","https://openalex.org/W316935178","https://openalex.org/W1504441442","https://openalex.org/W1963864613","https://openalex.org/W1973748529","https://openalex.org/W1979004942","https://openalex.org/W2004704216","https://openalex.org/W2024139209","https://openalex.org/W2031447035","https://openalex.org/W2044140042","https://openalex.org/W2057366010","https://openalex.org/W2063052894","https://openalex.org/W2093403042","https://openalex.org/W2102595860","https://openalex.org/W2106581528","https://openalex.org/W2110171129","https://openalex.org/W2112665064","https://openalex.org/W2116692033","https://openalex.org/W2124853884","https://openalex.org/W2127333783","https://openalex.org/W2146948159","https://openalex.org/W2155830908","https://openalex.org/W2160553177","https://openalex.org/W2170131944","https://openalex.org/W2172051681","https://openalex.org/W2177194390","https://openalex.org/W2314787281","https://openalex.org/W2319663855","https://openalex.org/W2323127344","https://openalex.org/W2326486917","https://openalex.org/W2479798496","https://openalex.org/W2562982737","https://openalex.org/W2571354768","https://openalex.org/W2574287525","https://openalex.org/W2591860465","https://openalex.org/W2722459813","https://openalex.org/W2722743866","https://openalex.org/W2733981320","https://openalex.org/W2748347163","https://openalex.org/W2752659628","https://openalex.org/W2886125012","https://openalex.org/W2886212664","https://openalex.org/W2886494753","https://openalex.org/W3164600807","https://openalex.org/W4243342770","https://openalex.org/W4255786857","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6676167145"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365594754","https://openalex.org/W2575292835","https://openalex.org/W2036697162","https://openalex.org/W2944277854","https://openalex.org/W2258359646","https://openalex.org/W2140812588","https://openalex.org/W4287902769","https://openalex.org/W3001140700","https://openalex.org/W2995453361","https://openalex.org/W2493324121"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"SAE":[1,34],"(Society":[2],"of":[3,52,107,124,149,159,191],"Automotive":[4],"Engineers)":[5],"Level":[6,35,138,141,154],"2,":[7],"the":[8,13,23,46,53,103,118,121,132,147,168,172,186],"driver":[9,47],"has":[10],"to":[11,48,60,94],"monitor":[12],"traffic":[14],"situation":[15],"and":[16,57,89,105,120,140,199],"system":[17,24,56,151,192],"performance":[18],"at":[19],"all":[20],"times,":[21],"whereas":[22],"assumes":[25],"responsibility":[26,39],"within":[27],"a":[28,62,113,150,165],"certain":[29],"operational":[30],"design":[31],"domain":[32],"in":[33,41,136,153,195],"3.":[36],"The":[37,127,156],"different":[38,90],"allocation":[40],"these":[42],"automation":[43,173],"modes":[44],"requires":[45],"always":[49],"be":[50],"aware":[51],"currently":[54],"active":[55],"its":[58],"limits":[59],"ensure":[61],"safe":[63],"drive.":[64],"For":[65],"that":[66,74,116],"reason,":[67],"current":[68],"research":[69],"focuses":[70],"on":[71,167],"identifying":[72],"factors":[73],"might":[75],"promote":[76],"mode":[77,87,125,160,201],"awareness.":[78,126],"There":[79],"is,":[80],"however,":[81],"no":[82],"gold":[83],"standard":[84],"for":[85,171],"measuring":[86],"awareness":[88,161,202],"approaches":[91],"are":[92,203],"used":[93],"assess":[95],"this":[96],"highly":[97],"complex":[98],"construct.":[99],"This":[100],"circumstance":[101],"complicates":[102],"comparability":[104],"validity":[106],"study":[108],"results.":[109],"We":[110],"thus":[111],"propose":[112],"measurement":[114],"method":[115],"combines":[117],"knowledge":[119,157],"behavior":[122],"pillar":[123],"latter":[128],"is":[129,162],"represented":[130],"by":[131,164],"relational":[133],"attention":[134],"ratio":[135],"manual,":[137],"2":[139],"3":[142],"driving":[143,187],"as":[144,146,179,181],"well":[145,180],"controllability":[148],"limit":[152],"2.":[155],"aspect":[158],"operationalized":[163],"questionnaire":[166],"mental":[169],"model":[170],"systems":[174],"after":[175],"an":[176,182],"initial":[177],"instruction":[178],"extensive":[183],"enquiry":[184],"following":[185],"sequence.":[188],"Further":[189],"assessments":[190],"trust,":[193],"engagement":[194],"non-driving":[196],"related":[197],"tasks":[198],"subjective":[200],"proposed.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
