{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3017070912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info11040228","title":"Digital Objects, Digital Subjects and Digital Societies: Deontology in the Age of Digitalization","display_name":"Digital Objects, Digital Subjects and Digital Societies: Deontology in the Age of Digitalization","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3017070912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info11040228","mag":"3017070912"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info11040228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info11040228","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/11/4/228/pdf?version=1587378507","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/11/4/228/pdf?version=1587378507","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045582261","display_name":"Andreas Spahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2796-0776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Spahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2796-0776","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045582261"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":3.2639,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92400414,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"228","last_page":"228"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11953","display_name":"Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11883","display_name":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deontological-ethics","display_name":"Deontological ethics","score":0.7688575983047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rationalism","display_name":"Rationalism","score":0.6741746664047241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.6398252844810486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agency","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","score":0.5742567181587219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersubjectivity","display_name":"Intersubjectivity","score":0.554684579372406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subject","display_name":"Subject (documents)","score":0.546531081199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dualism","display_name":"Dualism","score":0.5136339068412781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5104324221611023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.4659747779369354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.46114546060562134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.43595194816589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.42954155802726746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32288408279418945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.28822287917137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15093648433685303}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553683147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221373","display_name":"Deontological ethics","level":2,"score":0.7688575983047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180903884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483024","display_name":"Rationalism","level":2,"score":0.6741746664047241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.6398252844810486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5742567181587219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777644567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583467","display_name":"Intersubjectivity","level":2,"score":0.554684579372406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.546531081199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54531595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256165","display_name":"Dualism","level":2,"score":0.5136339068412781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5104324221611023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.4659747779369354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.46114546060562134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.43595194816589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42954155802726746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32288408279418945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.28822287917137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15093648433685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/info11040228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info11040228","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/11/4/228/pdf?version=1587378507","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:openaire/cd8db829-f876-408d-8719-4aeef8036441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/cd8db829-f876-408d-8719-4aeef8036441","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spahn, A 2020, 'Digital objects, digital subjects and digital societies : Deontology in the age of digitalization', Information, vol. 11, no. 4, 228. https://doi.org/10.3390/INFO11040228","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a33767809d1e453b8cb0dcc3e7655c28","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a33767809d1e453b8cb0dcc3e7655c28","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, Vol 11, Iss 4, p 228 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2078-2489/11/4/228/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11040228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/cd8db829-f876-408d-8719-4aeef8036441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/nl/publications/cd8db829-f876-408d-8719-4aeef8036441","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Information, 11(4):228. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/info11040228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/info11040228","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/11/4/228/pdf?version=1587378507","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219776","display_name":"Information","issn_l":"2078-2489","issn":["2078-2489"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3017070912.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3017070912.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46849891","https://openalex.org/W96295606","https://openalex.org/W393180982","https://openalex.org/W593706058","https://openalex.org/W623454197","https://openalex.org/W1499896189","https://openalex.org/W1586857151","https://openalex.org/W1900485398","https://openalex.org/W1986206957","https://openalex.org/W1990460054","https://openalex.org/W1994173911","https://openalex.org/W1999850382","https://openalex.org/W2001771035","https://openalex.org/W2015628539","https://openalex.org/W2020091143","https://openalex.org/W2029125403","https://openalex.org/W2029217231","https://openalex.org/W2029490956","https://openalex.org/W2049480502","https://openalex.org/W2054059495","https://openalex.org/W2059976005","https://openalex.org/W2066984111","https://openalex.org/W2081590306","https://openalex.org/W2094251476","https://openalex.org/W2095955904","https://openalex.org/W2099987828","https://openalex.org/W2110153789","https://openalex.org/W2110807733","https://openalex.org/W2116547831","https://openalex.org/W2133460105","https://openalex.org/W2143063108","https://openalex.org/W2145113295","https://openalex.org/W2185624410","https://openalex.org/W2214169095","https://openalex.org/W2220949587","https://openalex.org/W2260803494","https://openalex.org/W2336672716","https://openalex.org/W2738218048","https://openalex.org/W2743157434","https://openalex.org/W2766105414","https://openalex.org/W2792862429","https://openalex.org/W2794085046","https://openalex.org/W2806288227","https://openalex.org/W2902705602","https://openalex.org/W2957620167","https://openalex.org/W3043564598","https://openalex.org/W3183246322","https://openalex.org/W4207014106","https://openalex.org/W4231399809","https://openalex.org/W4243086949","https://openalex.org/W4251459090","https://openalex.org/W4252272959","https://openalex.org/W4285722941","https://openalex.org/W4388174267","https://openalex.org/W6601893370","https://openalex.org/W6629676591","https://openalex.org/W6646927563","https://openalex.org/W6679456883","https://openalex.org/W6686274487","https://openalex.org/W6741481744","https://openalex.org/W6798867850","https://openalex.org/W6819008906"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361609956","https://openalex.org/W2362970760","https://openalex.org/W4255153237","https://openalex.org/W2104256246","https://openalex.org/W2105013593","https://openalex.org/W2184863994","https://openalex.org/W2386987221","https://openalex.org/W1997638270","https://openalex.org/W4224995322","https://openalex.org/W3209036021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digitalization":[0],"affects":[1],"the":[2,35,112,143],"relation":[3],"between":[4],"human":[5,54,85],"agents":[6],"and":[7,44,77,80,90,102,117,124,133,148],"technological":[8],"objects.":[9],"This":[10],"paper":[11,109],"looks":[12],"at":[13],"digital":[14,73,106,122,129,131],"behavior":[15],"change":[16],"technologies":[17,74],"(BCT)":[18],"from":[19],"a":[20,134,140],"deontological":[21,126],"perspective.":[22],"It":[23,47],"identifies":[24],"three":[25,113],"moral":[26],"requirements":[27,144],"that":[28,49],"are":[29,62,99],"relevant":[30],"for":[31,128],"ethical":[32],"approaches":[33],"in":[34,119],"tradition":[36],"of":[37,121,142,145],"Kantian":[38,51],"deontology:":[39],"epistemic":[40],"rationalism,":[41],"motivational":[42,147],"rationalism":[43],"deliberational":[45,149],"rationalism.":[46,150],"argues":[48],"traditional":[50],"ethics":[52],"assumes":[53],"\u2018subjects\u2019":[55],"to":[56,92],"be":[57],"autonomous":[58,79],"agents,":[59],"whereas":[60],"\u2018objects\u2019":[61],"mere":[63],"passive":[64],"tools.":[65],"Digitalization,":[66],"however,":[67],"challenges":[68],"this":[69],"Cartesian":[70],"subject-object":[71],"dualism:":[72],"become":[75],"more":[76,78,101,103],"take":[81],"on":[82,139],"agency.":[83],"Similarly,":[84],"subjects":[86,132],"can":[87],"outsource":[88],"agency":[89],"will-power":[91],"technologies.":[93,107],"In":[94],"addition,":[95],"our":[96],"intersubjective":[97],"relations":[98],"being":[100],"shaped":[104],"by":[105],"The":[108],"therefore":[110],"re-examines":[111],"categories":[114],"\u2018subject\u2019,":[115],"\u2018object\u2019":[116],"\u2018intersubjectivity\u2019":[118],"light":[120],"BCTs":[123],"suggests":[125],"guidelines":[127],"objects,":[130],"digitally":[135],"mediated":[136],"intersubjectivity,":[137],"based":[138],"re-examination":[141],"epistemic,":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
