{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3106129430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9110693","title":"Generalization of Soundings across Scales: From DTM to Harbour and Approach Nautical Charts","display_name":"Generalization of Soundings across Scales: From DTM to Harbour and Approach Nautical Charts","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3106129430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9110693","mag":"3106129430"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi9110693","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9110693","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/9/11/693/pdf?version=1606207962","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/9/11/693/pdf?version=1606207962","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037410310","display_name":"Andriani Skopeliti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6855-4980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","display_name":"National Technical University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03cx6bg69","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andriani Skopeliti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cartography Laboratory, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Zografou, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6855-4980","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cartography Laboratory, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Zografou, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001874160","display_name":"\u039b\u03ae\u03b4\u03b1 \u03a3\u03c4\u03ac\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","display_name":"National Technical University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03cx6bg69","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leda Stamou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cartography Laboratory, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Zografou, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cartography Laboratory, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Zografou, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058908411","display_name":"Lysandros Tsoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-4424"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","display_name":"National Technical University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03cx6bg69","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lysandros Tsoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cartography Laboratory, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Zografou, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-4424","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cartography Laboratory, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Zografou, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005546229","display_name":"Shachak Pe\u02bceri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316690553","display_name":"NOAA National Ocean Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02k4h0334","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1316690553","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387930197","display_name":"NOAA Office of Coast Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/05evek152","country_code":null,"type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1316690553","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4387930197"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shachak Pe\u2019eri","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Ocean Service, NOAA Office of Coast Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Ocean Service, NOAA Office of Coast Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316690553","https://openalex.org/I4387930197"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037410310"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":8.0387,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97359844,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"11","first_page":"693","last_page":"693"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11622","display_name":"Maritime Navigation and Safety","score":0.9724000096321106,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12414","display_name":"Coastal and Marine Management","score":0.965399980545044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nautical-chart","display_name":"Nautical chart","score":0.8091320991516113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depth-sounding","display_name":"Depth sounding","score":0.8084079027175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.7546793222427368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrography","display_name":"Hydrography","score":0.665503978729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harbour","display_name":"Harbour","score":0.6301151514053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5847971439361572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5755446553230286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bathymetry","display_name":"Bathymetry","score":0.5157637596130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.461184561252594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.444646954536438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chart","display_name":"Chart","score":0.43648669123649597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrographic-survey","display_name":"Hydrographic survey","score":0.4304414689540863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.4260368347167969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.42020201683044434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3946993947029114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.3763444125652313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18422555923461914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09674602746963501}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144462659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728502","display_name":"Nautical chart","level":3,"score":0.8091320991516113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55510283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1382947","display_name":"Depth sounding","level":2,"score":0.8084079027175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.7546793222427368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76256466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182468","display_name":"Hydrography","level":2,"score":0.665503978729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777318892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2544816","display_name":"Harbour","level":2,"score":0.6301151514053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5847971439361572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5755446553230286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174943157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810826","display_name":"Bathymetry","level":2,"score":0.5157637596130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.461184561252594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.444646954536438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190812933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28923","display_name":"Chart","level":2,"score":0.43648669123649597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166408148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2495763","display_name":"Hydrographic survey","level":2,"score":0.4304414689540863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.4260368347167969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.42020201683044434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3946993947029114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.3763444125652313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18422555923461914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09674602746963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi9110693","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9110693","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/9/11/693/pdf?version=1606207962","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a868568aa6c64325902389fb5aeec388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a868568aa6c64325902389fb5aeec388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 9, Iss 11, p 693 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/9/11/693/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9110693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information; Volume 9; Issue 11; Pages: 693","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:noaa.stacks:noaa:51260","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/51260","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196172","display_name":"NOAA Institutional Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 9(11), 693","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi9110693","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9110693","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/9/11/693/pdf?version=1606207962","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5447602413","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NA15NOS4000200 - Subaward No: 19 \u2013 020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310373","funder_display_name":"University of New Hampshire"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310373","display_name":"University of New Hampshire","ror":"https://ror.org/01rmh9n78"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3106129430.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3106129430.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W154277866","https://openalex.org/W1991955321","https://openalex.org/W2009076990","https://openalex.org/W2345514924","https://openalex.org/W2487745505","https://openalex.org/W2517483352","https://openalex.org/W2579921787","https://openalex.org/W2766394752","https://openalex.org/W2943082217","https://openalex.org/W2948487947","https://openalex.org/W3105588589","https://openalex.org/W4299533127","https://openalex.org/W6606286908","https://openalex.org/W6704639007","https://openalex.org/W6732190803","https://openalex.org/W6858750984"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2370844347","https://openalex.org/W2022855443","https://openalex.org/W2131598576","https://openalex.org/W2344886056","https://openalex.org/W2117454378","https://openalex.org/W2330220347","https://openalex.org/W2884176828","https://openalex.org/W2992544842","https://openalex.org/W2586782202","https://openalex.org/W2291624724"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3],"integrated":[4],"digital":[5],"methodology":[6],"for":[7,14,36,58,98,204],"the":[8,15,28,51,59,95,116,120,124,149,165,180],"generalization":[9,17,48,154],"of":[10,61,123,133,207],"soundings.":[11],"The":[12,46,108,152,198],"input":[13],"sounding":[16,32,47,68,153],"procedure":[18,49,155],"is":[19,30,55,86,113,128],"a":[20,31,56,71,89,102,131,188,205],"high":[21,189],"resolution":[22,190],"Digital":[23],"Terrain":[24],"Model":[25],"(DTM)":[26],"and":[27,40,119,135,148,193,209,220],"output":[29],"data":[33],"set":[34],"appropriate":[35],"portrayal":[37,60],"on":[38,63,70,79,94,105,130,187],"harbour":[39],"approach":[41],"Electronic":[42],"Navigational":[43],"Charts":[44],"(ENCs).":[45],"follows":[50],"\u201cladder":[52],"approach\u201d":[53],"that":[54],"requisite":[57],"soundings":[62,99,203],"nautical":[64,106,211],"charts,":[65],"i.e.,":[66],"any":[67],"portrayed":[69],"smaller":[72],"scale":[73,81,122],"chart":[74],"should":[75],"also":[76],"be":[77,157],"depicted":[78],"larger":[80],"charts.":[82,107],"A":[83,174],"rhomboidal":[84,109],"fishnet":[85,110],"used":[87,168],"as":[88],"supportive":[90],"reference":[91],"structure":[92],"based":[93,129,186],"cartographic":[96,150],"guidance":[97],"to":[100],"display":[101],"rhombus":[103],"pattern":[104],"cell":[111],"size":[112],"defined":[114],"by":[115],"depth":[117],"range":[118],"compilation":[121],"charted":[125],"area.":[126],"Generalization":[127],"number":[132,206],"rules":[134],"constraints":[136],"extracted":[137],"from":[138],"International":[139],"Hydrographic":[140],"Organization":[141],"(IHO)":[142],"standards,":[143],"hydrographic":[144],"offices\u2019":[145],"best":[146],"practices":[147],"literature.":[151],"can":[156],"implemented":[158],"using":[159],"basic":[160],"geoprocessing":[161],"functions":[162],"available":[163],"in":[164,179],"most":[166],"commonly":[167],"Geographic":[169],"Information":[170],"System":[171],"(GIS)":[172],"environments.":[173],"case":[175],"study":[176],"was":[177],"performed":[178],"New":[181],"York":[182],"Lower":[183],"Bay":[184],"area":[185],"National":[191],"Oceanic":[192],"Atmospheric":[194],"Administration":[195],"(NOAA)":[196],"DTM.":[197],"method":[199],"successfully":[200],"produced":[201],"generalized":[202],"Harbour":[208],"Approach":[210],"charts":[212],"at":[213],"10":[214],"K,":[215,217],"20":[216],"40":[218],"K":[219,222],"80":[221],"scales.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}