{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2999245538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9010043","title":"Optimization-Based Construction of Quadrilateral Table Cartograms","display_name":"Optimization-Based Construction of Quadrilateral Table Cartograms","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2999245538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9010043","mag":"2999245538"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi9010043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9010043","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/9/1/43/pdf?version=1579710782","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/9/1/43/pdf?version=1579710782","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077429046","display_name":"Ryo Inoue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0106-9777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ryo Inoue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Human-Social Information Sciences, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0106-9777","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human-Social Information Sciences, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044221222","display_name":"Mao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0838-5956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Human-Social Information Sciences, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0838-5956","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human-Social Information Sciences, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077429046"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.2875,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53312857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"43","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrilateral","display_name":"Quadrilateral","score":0.8503843545913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/table","display_name":"Table (database)","score":0.7788134813308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rectangle","display_name":"Rectangle","score":0.6481195092201233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/row","display_name":"Row","score":0.6443132162094116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/row-and-column-spaces","display_name":"Row and column spaces","score":0.5610520243644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.553783118724823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4192863702774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjacency-list","display_name":"Adjacency list","score":0.4191874563694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grasp","display_name":"GRASP","score":0.41786059737205505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorting","display_name":"Sorting","score":0.41368696093559265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3317809998989105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.2571473717689514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.23015359044075012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.19067293405532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16062545776367188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.07649925351142883}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151756577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36810","display_name":"Quadrilateral","level":3,"score":0.8503843545913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45235069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278425","display_name":"Table (database)","level":2,"score":0.7788134813308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781302577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209","display_name":"Rectangle","level":2,"score":0.6481195092201233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135598885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366302","display_name":"Row","level":2,"score":0.6443132162094116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104140500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088159","display_name":"Row and column spaces","level":3,"score":0.5610520243644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.553783118724823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4192863702774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110484373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264398","display_name":"Adjacency list","level":2,"score":0.4191874563694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171268870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1486676","display_name":"GRASP","level":2,"score":0.41786059737205505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.41368696093559265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3317809998989105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2571473717689514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.23015359044075012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.19067293405532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16062545776367188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.07649925351142883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi9010043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9010043","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/9/1/43/pdf?version=1579710782","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:98db24d0d1d24615b8f8886220b989ca","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/98db24d0d1d24615b8f8886220b989ca","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 9, Iss 1, p 43 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/9/1/43/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9010043","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi9010043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9010043","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/9/1/43/pdf?version=1579710782","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7099999785423279}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1415285613","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP18H01552","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2999245538.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2999245538.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965555277","https://openalex.org/W1973962781","https://openalex.org/W1977059362","https://openalex.org/W2003147772","https://openalex.org/W2004999144","https://openalex.org/W2007701319","https://openalex.org/W2009454664","https://openalex.org/W2033425415","https://openalex.org/W2044139864","https://openalex.org/W2046651087","https://openalex.org/W2055583414","https://openalex.org/W2070672650","https://openalex.org/W2071807189","https://openalex.org/W2076035893","https://openalex.org/W2105795805","https://openalex.org/W2133185801","https://openalex.org/W2148734466","https://openalex.org/W2148987114","https://openalex.org/W2151045902","https://openalex.org/W2322867406","https://openalex.org/W2398936633","https://openalex.org/W2505947133","https://openalex.org/W2788756579","https://openalex.org/W2917462737","https://openalex.org/W2957266896","https://openalex.org/W3140854621","https://openalex.org/W3152038503","https://openalex.org/W4207027624","https://openalex.org/W4240305572","https://openalex.org/W4241761266","https://openalex.org/W6765399003"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2742381952","https://openalex.org/W4231901695","https://openalex.org/W1993631946","https://openalex.org/W1549449730","https://openalex.org/W2313440505","https://openalex.org/W941360301","https://openalex.org/W3123744736","https://openalex.org/W2137691148","https://openalex.org/W2130470498","https://openalex.org/W2076005816"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"quadrilateral":[1,12,80,108],"table":[2,16,81,109,126,148,165],"cartogram":[3,17],"is":[4,45,94],"a":[5,15,59,76,97,136],"rectangle-shaped":[6],"figure":[7],"that":[8,55,167],"visualizes":[9],"table-form":[10],"data;":[11],"cells":[13,35],"in":[14,36],"are":[18],"transformed":[19],"to":[20,47,66,101,121,144,150,163],"express":[21],"the":[22,32,37,41,68,85,123,145,157,170],"magnitude":[23],"of":[24,34,52,114,138,147,156,172],"positive":[25],"weights":[26],"by":[27,83],"their":[28],"areas,":[29],"while":[30],"maintaining":[31],"adjacency":[33],"original":[38,129],"table.":[39],"However,":[40],"previous":[42],"construction":[43,78,86,146],"method":[44,93,159],"difficult":[46],"implement":[48],"because":[49],"it":[50],"consists":[51],"multiple":[53],"operations":[54],"do":[56],"not":[57],"have":[58],"unique":[60],"solution":[61],"and":[62,116,128],"require":[63],"complex":[64],"settings":[65],"obtain":[67],"desired":[69],"outputs.":[70],"In":[71,131],"this":[72],"article,":[73],"we":[74,133],"propose":[75,135],"new":[77],"for":[79],"cartograms":[82,110,127,149,166],"recasting":[84],"as":[87,96],"an":[88],"optimization":[89],"problem.":[90],"The":[91],"proposed":[92,158],"formulated":[95],"simple":[98],"minimization":[99],"problem":[100],"achieve":[102],"mathematical":[103],"clarity.":[104],"It":[105],"can":[106],"generate":[107],"with":[111],"smaller":[112],"deformation":[113],"rows":[115,140],"columns,":[117],"thereby":[118],"aiding":[119],"readers":[120],"recognize":[122],"correspondence":[124],"between":[125],"tables.":[130],"addition,":[132],"also":[134],"means":[137],"sorting":[139],"and/or":[141],"columns":[142],"prior":[143],"reduce":[151],"excess":[152],"shape":[153],"deformation.":[154],"Applications":[155],"confirm":[160],"its":[161],"capability":[162],"output":[164],"clearly":[168],"visualize":[169],"characteristics":[171],"datasets.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
