{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2905662756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8010009","title":"Semantic Geometric Modelling of Unstructured Indoor Point Cloud","display_name":"Semantic Geometric Modelling of Unstructured Indoor Point Cloud","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2905662756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8010009","mag":"2905662756"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi8010009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8010009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/8/1/9/pdf?version=1545880849","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/8/1/9/pdf?version=1545880849","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100644664","display_name":"Wenzhong Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3886-7027"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenzhong Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039647422","display_name":"Wael Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-3268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wael Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-3268","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100368199","display_name":"Na Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2669-0233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088835980","display_name":"Wenzheng Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3798-1538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenzheng Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3798-1538","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057949991","display_name":"Haodong Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1160-9466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haodong Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101541144","display_name":"Muyang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2869-1670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2869-1670","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039647422"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":2.9717,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90607396,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"9","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8216974139213562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.7951081991195679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doors","display_name":"Doors","score":0.6378042101860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.605587899684906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5845970511436462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scanner","display_name":"Scanner","score":0.5775863528251648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5641430020332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5326632261276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-scanning","display_name":"Laser scanning","score":0.5185621380805969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.44930508732795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.4107816815376282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.09100386500358582}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8216974139213562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.7951081991195679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125209513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4037520","display_name":"Doors","level":2,"score":0.6378042101860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.605587899684906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5845970511436462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474480","display_name":"Scanner","level":2,"score":0.5775863528251648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5641430020332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5326632261276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141349535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361664","display_name":"Laser scanning","level":3,"score":0.5185621380805969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.44930508732795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.4107816815376282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.09100386500358582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi8010009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8010009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/8/1/9/pdf?version=1545880849","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:01f4f3d5c5d643259329c898a08290aa","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/01f4f3d5c5d643259329c898a08290aa","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 8, Iss 1, p 9 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/80675","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/80675","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal/Magazine Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/8/1/9/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8010009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi8010009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8010009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/8/1/9/pdf?version=1545880849","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3763315769","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PF15-19401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321592","funder_display_name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321592","display_name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","ror":"https://ror.org/00djwmt25"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321652","display_name":"Eidgen\u00f6ssische Technische Hochschule Z\u00fcrich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323874","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Z\u00fcrich","ror":"https://ror.org/02crff812"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2905662756.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2905662756.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W359740556","https://openalex.org/W1263619056","https://openalex.org/W1546433998","https://openalex.org/W1969778848","https://openalex.org/W2000018820","https://openalex.org/W2007492000","https://openalex.org/W2012958015","https://openalex.org/W2023574675","https://openalex.org/W2040975718","https://openalex.org/W2055569426","https://openalex.org/W2064723966","https://openalex.org/W2069693438","https://openalex.org/W2074455820","https://openalex.org/W2102923606","https://openalex.org/W2104525659","https://openalex.org/W2125543909","https://openalex.org/W2143516773","https://openalex.org/W2152380633","https://openalex.org/W2156849739","https://openalex.org/W2201056710","https://openalex.org/W2343617489","https://openalex.org/W2473936785","https://openalex.org/W2569640537","https://openalex.org/W2740388794","https://openalex.org/W2767590979","https://openalex.org/W2772767844","https://openalex.org/W2775610217","https://openalex.org/W2885744570","https://openalex.org/W3149522800","https://openalex.org/W4301267328","https://openalex.org/W6653717163","https://openalex.org/W6731718886"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088131065","https://openalex.org/W2005998065","https://openalex.org/W2001220299","https://openalex.org/W897367340","https://openalex.org/W4323518558","https://openalex.org/W3196715007","https://openalex.org/W2366440988","https://openalex.org/W4399030596","https://openalex.org/W2358582870","https://openalex.org/W4293059742"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"method":[1,27,55,74,140,200],"capable":[2],"of":[3,18,79,94,99,118,168,174,186,192],"automatically":[4],"reconstructing":[5],"3D":[6,15,32,115,207],"building":[7],"models":[8],"with":[9],"semantic":[10],"information":[11],"from":[12,122],"the":[13,76,92,97,110,113,119,135],"unstructured":[14],"point":[16],"cloud":[17],"indoor":[19,120,157,208],"scenes":[20],"is":[21,105,132],"presented":[22],"in":[23],"this":[24,54,73,198],"paper.":[25],"This":[26,138],"has":[28],"three":[29],"main":[30],"steps:":[31],"segmentation":[33],"using":[34,47,143],"a":[35,123,152,166,172,184,190],"new":[36],"hybrid":[37],"algorithm,":[38],"room":[39],"layout":[40],"reconstruction,":[41],"and":[42,60,86,131,147,171,189,204],"wall-surface":[43,80,95],"object":[44],"reconstruction":[45],"by":[46,151],"an":[48],"enriched":[49],"approach.":[50],"Unlike":[51],"existing":[52],"methods,":[53],"aims":[56],"to":[57,91,201],"detect,":[58],"cluster,":[59],"model":[61],"complex":[62],"structures":[63],"without":[64],"having":[65],"prior":[66],"scanner":[67,126],"or":[68],"trajectory":[69],"information.":[70],"In":[71,89],"addition,":[72],"enables":[75],"accurate":[77,205],"detection":[78,93,98],"\u201cdefacements\u201d,":[81],"such":[82,102],"as":[83,103],"windows,":[84],"doors,":[85,104],"virtual":[87],"openings.":[88],"addition":[90],"apertures,":[96],"closed":[100],"objects,":[101],"also":[106],"possible.":[107],"Hence,":[108],"for":[109,134,156,178,206],"first":[111,136],"time,":[112],"whole":[114],"modelling":[116],"process":[117],"scene":[121],"backpack":[124],"laser":[125],"(BLS)":[127],"dataset":[128],"was":[129,141],"achieved":[130,165,183],"recorded":[133],"time.":[137],"novel":[139,199],"validated":[142],"both":[144],"synthetic":[145,163],"data":[146,149],"real":[148],"acquired":[150],"developed":[153],"BLS":[154,179],"system":[155],"scenes.":[158],"Evaluating":[159],"our":[160,181],"approach":[161,182],"on":[162],"datasets":[164,180],"precision":[167,185],"around":[169,175,187,193],"94%":[170],"recall":[173,191],"97%,":[176],"while":[177],"95%":[188],"89%.":[194],"The":[195],"results":[196],"reveal":[197],"be":[202],"robust":[203],"modelling.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
