{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2897115949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7100404","title":"Multi-Agent Planning for Automatic Geospatial Web Service Composition in Geoportals","display_name":"Multi-Agent Planning for Automatic Geospatial Web Service Composition in Geoportals","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2897115949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7100404","mag":"2897115949"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi7100404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7100404","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/7/10/404/pdf?version=1539338814","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/7/10/404/pdf?version=1539338814","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011461918","display_name":"Mahdi Farnaghi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-5563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80543232","display_name":"K.N.Toosi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0433abe34","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}],"countries":["IR","SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mahdi Farnaghi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19697 64499, Iran","GIS Center, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-5563","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19697 64499, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GIS Center, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039105124","display_name":"Ali Mansourian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6812-4307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Mansourian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Middle-Eastern Studies, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden","GIS Center, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Middle-Eastern Studies, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GIS Center, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011461918"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555","https://openalex.org/I80543232"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":1.6448,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88852272,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"10","first_page":"404","last_page":"404"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-coverage-service","display_name":"Web Coverage Service","score":0.8200697898864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.7682969570159912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geoportal","display_name":"Geoportal","score":0.7413219213485718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-service","display_name":"Web service","score":0.6705417037010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.6326266527175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6194323897361755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-gis","display_name":"Distributed GIS","score":0.5741746425628662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-oriented-architecture","display_name":"Service-oriented architecture","score":0.4488813281059265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-modeling","display_name":"Web modeling","score":0.30046528577804565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-database","display_name":"Spatial database","score":0.209163635969162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.19401335716247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-mapping","display_name":"Web mapping","score":0.1707664430141449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/am/fm/gis","display_name":"AM/FM/GIS","score":0.13655638694763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.10998377203941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gis-and-public-health","display_name":"GIS and public health","score":0.06160646677017212}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168820927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2000194","display_name":"Web Coverage Service","level":5,"score":0.8200697898864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.7682969570159912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118985605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503337","display_name":"Geoportal","level":4,"score":0.7413219213485718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35578498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193424","display_name":"Web service","level":2,"score":0.6705417037010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.6326266527175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6194323897361755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137801643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283119","display_name":"Distributed GIS","level":5,"score":0.5741746425628662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57041688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220644","display_name":"Service-oriented architecture","level":3,"score":0.4488813281059265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130436687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978591","display_name":"Web modeling","level":3,"score":0.30046528577804565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203689450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2302053","display_name":"Spatial database","level":3,"score":0.209163635969162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.19401335716247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24733836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q649186","display_name":"Web mapping","level":4,"score":0.1707664430141449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148162668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"AM/FM/GIS","level":4,"score":0.13655638694763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10998377203941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104345477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5513523","display_name":"GIS and public health","level":3,"score":0.06160646677017212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi7100404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7100404","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/7/10/404/pdf?version=1539338814","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:457980b2caa04584a6b18134d3fe82cb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/457980b2caa04584a6b18134d3fe82cb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 7, Iss 10, p 404 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:8c520ad4-9c60-4d36-861c-f34f307c0b4b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8c520ad4-9c60-4d36-861c-f34f307c0b4b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400536","display_name":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","host_organization_name":"Lund University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 2220-9964","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/7/10/404/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7100404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi7100404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7100404","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/7/10/404/pdf?version=1539338814","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2897115949.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2897115949.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W98142191","https://openalex.org/W579045610","https://openalex.org/W1488586285","https://openalex.org/W1525982900","https://openalex.org/W1552723841","https://openalex.org/W1560417891","https://openalex.org/W1621813298","https://openalex.org/W1623307588","https://openalex.org/W1714132059","https://openalex.org/W1789953301","https://openalex.org/W1965864183","https://openalex.org/W1966645294","https://openalex.org/W1987682051","https://openalex.org/W1996497597","https://openalex.org/W2015191210","https://openalex.org/W2020242380","https://openalex.org/W2020816649","https://openalex.org/W2029407744","https://openalex.org/W2029913090","https://openalex.org/W2031702317","https://openalex.org/W2037043843","https://openalex.org/W2040883891","https://openalex.org/W2047468258","https://openalex.org/W2095612098","https://openalex.org/W2105632593","https://openalex.org/W2127487028","https://openalex.org/W2135725934","https://openalex.org/W2151047082","https://openalex.org/W2153074919","https://openalex.org/W2156198043","https://openalex.org/W2185789321","https://openalex.org/W2332474191","https://openalex.org/W2491614368","https://openalex.org/W2518406173","https://openalex.org/W2543610171","https://openalex.org/W3021616496","https://openalex.org/W3122845169","https://openalex.org/W4234724959","https://openalex.org/W4235322170","https://openalex.org/W4252066872","https://openalex.org/W4300245132","https://openalex.org/W4399762789","https://openalex.org/W6638057219","https://openalex.org/W6654155348","https://openalex.org/W6675088702","https://openalex.org/W6679931315","https://openalex.org/W6693547426","https://openalex.org/W6877228366","https://openalex.org/W7005146817","https://openalex.org/W7006046120"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4213223689","https://openalex.org/W1985961592","https://openalex.org/W2008303146","https://openalex.org/W2139138062","https://openalex.org/W3209223673","https://openalex.org/W3214800434","https://openalex.org/W1487095726","https://openalex.org/W2911235174","https://openalex.org/W2384895330","https://openalex.org/W2899604500"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0],"composition":[1,79,95,174,191],"of":[2,9,13,105,114,136,160,172,185,214,218,238],"geospatial":[3],"web":[4,153],"services":[5,72],"increases":[6],"the":[7,24,41,46,65,74,94,112,115,134,137,151,157,161,165,169,173,183,190,200,212,215,221,231,235,239],"possibility":[8],"taking":[10],"full":[11],"advantage":[12],"spatial":[14],"data":[15],"and":[16,44,92,117,126,227],"processing":[17],"capabilities":[18],"that":[19,195,209],"have":[20],"been":[21],"published":[22],"over":[23],"internet.":[25],"In":[26,62],"this":[27,63],"paper,":[28],"a":[29,78,102,118,140],"multi-agent":[30],"artificial":[31],"intelligence":[32],"(AI)":[33],"planning":[34,241],"solution":[35,138,222],"was":[36,100,108,130,147,180,223],"proposed,":[37],"which":[38],"works":[39],"within":[40],"geoportal":[42,47,75,99,146],"architecture":[43],"enables":[45],"to":[48,84,110,132,149,204,211,230],"compose":[49],"semantically":[50],"annotated":[51],"Open":[52,86],"Geospatial":[53,87],"Consortium":[54,88],"(OGC)":[55],"Web":[56,70,89],"Services":[57,90],"based":[58,155],"on":[59,156],"users\u2019":[60],"requirements.":[61],"solution,":[64],"registered":[66],"Catalogue":[67],"Service":[68],"for":[69],"(CSW)":[71],"in":[73,139,164,234],"along":[76],"with":[77,175,196],"coordinator":[80],"component":[81],"interact":[82],"together":[83],"synthesize":[85],"(OWSs)":[91],"generate":[93,150],"workflow.":[96],"A":[97],"prototype":[98,145],"developed,":[101],"case":[103],"study":[104],"evacuation":[106],"sheltering":[107],"implemented":[109],"illustrate":[111],"functionality":[113],"algorithm,":[116],"simulation":[119,166],"environment,":[120,167],"including":[121],"one":[122],"hundred":[123],"simulated":[124],"OWSs":[125],"five":[127,197],"CSW":[128,177,187,198,219],"services,":[129,220],"used":[131],"test":[133],"performance":[135],"more":[141],"complex":[142],"circumstance.":[143],"The":[144],"able":[148],"composite":[152],"service,":[154],"requested":[158],"goals":[159],"user.":[162],"Additionally,":[163],"while":[168],"execution":[170,201],"time":[171,192,202],"two":[176],"service":[178],"nodes":[179,188,199],"20":[181],"s,":[182],"addition":[184],"new":[186],"reduced":[189,203],"exponentially,":[193],"so":[194],"0.3":[205],"s.":[206],"Results":[207],"showed":[208],"due":[210],"utilization":[213],"computational":[216],"power":[217],"fast,":[224],"horizontally":[225],"scalable,":[226],"less":[228],"vulnerable":[229],"exponential":[232],"growth":[233],"search":[236],"space":[237],"AI":[240],"problem.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2018-10-26T00:00:00"}