{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2888389184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7090341","title":"Quantifying Surface Urban Heat Island Formation in the World Heritage Tropical Mountain City of Sri Lanka","display_name":"Quantifying Surface Urban Heat Island Formation in the World Heritage Tropical Mountain City of Sri Lanka","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2888389184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7090341","mag":"2888389184"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi7090341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7090341","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/7/9/341/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/7/9/341/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014617030","display_name":"Manjula Ranagalage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7540-0103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74648663","display_name":"Rajarata University of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/04dd86x86","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74648663"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}],"countries":["JP","LK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manjula Ranagalage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale 50300, Sri Lanka","Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale 50300, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74648663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021925483","display_name":"DMSLB Dissanayake","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2619-7035"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74648663","display_name":"Rajarata University of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/04dd86x86","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74648663"]}],"countries":["JP","LK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"DMSLB Dissanayake","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale 50300, Sri Lanka","Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale 50300, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74648663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059202900","display_name":"Yuji Murayama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4397-6882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuji Murayama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100654680","display_name":"Xinmin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5180-8371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinmin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052063834","display_name":"Ronald C. Estoque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9681-492X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200202764","display_name":"National Institute for Environmental Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/02hw5fp67","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200202764"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald Estoque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200202764"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015722632","display_name":"E. N. C. Perera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0900-5284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90678064","display_name":"University of Colombo","ror":"https://ror.org/02phn5242","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90678064"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ENC Perera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Human Resource Advancement (IHRA), University of Colombo, Colombo 00700, Sri Lanka"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Human Resource Advancement (IHRA), University of Colombo, Colombo 00700, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90678064"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102820348","display_name":"Takehiro Morimoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6203-5933"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takehiro Morimoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014617030","https://openalex.org/A5021925483","https://openalex.org/A5100654680"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215","https://openalex.org/I74648663"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":5.4908,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96335734,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"9","first_page":"341","last_page":"341"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impervious-surface","display_name":"Impervious surface","score":0.846724808216095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-heat-island","display_name":"Urban heat island","score":0.8195092678070068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.5985801219940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.5182080864906311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.5060555338859558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"Urbanization","score":0.4398152530193329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4317578077316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.33072489500045776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.18262645602226257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.14028871059417725}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2668921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434713","display_name":"Impervious surface","level":2,"score":0.846724808216095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54005896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215712","display_name":"Urban heat island","level":2,"score":0.8195092678070068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5985801219940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.5182080864906311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.5060555338859558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.4398152530193329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4317578077316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.33072489500045776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.18262645602226257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.14028871059417725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi7090341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7090341","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/7/9/341/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a335ccffe0e34ca3854cbe2f682dc8e6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a335ccffe0e34ca3854cbe2f682dc8e6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 7, Iss 9, p 341 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/7/9/341/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7090341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tsukuba.repo.nii.ac.jp:00048173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2241/00153663","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402076","display_name":"Terrestrial Environment Research Center (University of Tsukuba)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","host_organization_name":"University of Tsukuba","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi7090341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7090341","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/7/9/341/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2888389184.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2888389184.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970284607","https://openalex.org/W1983322114","https://openalex.org/W1995286219","https://openalex.org/W1996745738","https://openalex.org/W2001564322","https://openalex.org/W2004776481","https://openalex.org/W2005084778","https://openalex.org/W2011883278","https://openalex.org/W2028529111","https://openalex.org/W2036670520","https://openalex.org/W2038125488","https://openalex.org/W2043966155","https://openalex.org/W2065703946","https://openalex.org/W2069609069","https://openalex.org/W2077065917","https://openalex.org/W2081720582","https://openalex.org/W2098495802","https://openalex.org/W2108017618","https://openalex.org/W2128579323","https://openalex.org/W2140944702","https://openalex.org/W2153763028","https://openalex.org/W2161241309","https://openalex.org/W2173157294","https://openalex.org/W2222921106","https://openalex.org/W2291239401","https://openalex.org/W2298346024","https://openalex.org/W2554470513","https://openalex.org/W2586973989","https://openalex.org/W2601003229","https://openalex.org/W2611408664","https://openalex.org/W2724014975","https://openalex.org/W2758840490","https://openalex.org/W2782854676","https://openalex.org/W2783982667","https://openalex.org/W2784154177","https://openalex.org/W2801439946","https://openalex.org/W2801774111","https://openalex.org/W2805560070","https://openalex.org/W2808056340","https://openalex.org/W2859111260","https://openalex.org/W6651902496","https://openalex.org/W6667017959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3085738175","https://openalex.org/W2955540711","https://openalex.org/W4312597546","https://openalex.org/W3037036094","https://openalex.org/W2990560633","https://openalex.org/W1539205971","https://openalex.org/W2910017819","https://openalex.org/W1194302957","https://openalex.org/W3133615129","https://openalex.org/W2087854757"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Presently,":[0],"the":[1,39,43,51,60,64,76,92,109,115,118,125,134,139,149,152,164,173,181,186,194,215,219,231,236,245,269,278,283,292,312],"urban":[2,25,69,220,233,309],"heat":[3],"island":[4],"(UHI)":[5],"phenomenon,":[6],"and":[7,36,71,105,124,148,172,221,273,308],"its":[8],"adverse":[9],"impacts,":[10],"are":[11],"becoming":[12],"major":[13],"research":[14],"foci":[15],"in":[16,24,33,75,89,207,212,258,320],"various":[17],"interrelated":[18],"fields":[19],"due":[20],"to":[21,49,138,209,230,241,250],"rapid":[22,68,232,289],"changes":[23],"ecological":[26],"environments.":[27],"Various":[28],"cities":[29,62],"have":[30,41,66,248],"been":[31],"investigated":[32],"previous":[34],"studies,":[35],"most":[37,58],"of":[38,45,54,59,63,98,120,127,136,151,188,235,244,256,271,280,294,318],"findings":[40,293],"facilitated":[42],"introduction":[44],"proper":[46,306],"mitigation":[47],"measures":[48],"overcome":[50],"negative":[52,275],"impact":[53],"UHI.":[55],"At":[56],"present,":[57],"mountain":[61,96,316],"world":[65,93],"undergone":[67],"development,":[70],"this":[72,83,295],"has":[73,264],"resulted":[74],"increasing":[77],"surface":[78,112,142],"UHI":[79],"(SUHI)":[80],"phenomenon.":[81],"Hence,":[82],"study":[84,237,296],"focuses":[85],"on":[86,108,163,185],"quantifying":[87],"SUHI":[88,157,257],"Kandy":[90,259,319],"City,":[91],"heritage":[94],"tropical":[95,315],"city":[97,317],"Sri":[99,321],"Lanka,":[100],"using":[101],"Landsat":[102],"data":[103],"(1996":[104],"2017)":[106],"based":[107,162,184],"mean":[110,262],"land":[111,169],"temperature":[113,165,174],"(LST),":[114],"difference":[116,166,175],"between":[117,167,176,218],"fraction":[119,126,143,146,154,187,270,279,285],"impervious":[121,251],"surfaces":[122,247],"(IS),":[123],"green":[128,140],"space":[129],"(GS).":[130],"Additionally,":[131,282],"we":[132],"examined":[133],"relationship":[135,267,276],"LST":[137,263],"space/impervious":[141],"ratio":[144,286],"(GS/IS":[145],"ratio)":[147],"magnitude":[150],"GS/IS":[153,284],"ratio.":[155],"The":[156,198,261],"intensity":[158],"(SUHII)":[159],"was":[160],"calculated":[161],"main":[168],"use/cover":[170],"categories":[171],"urban-rural":[177,195,216],"zones.":[178],"We":[179],"demarcated":[180],"rural":[182,222],"zone":[183],"IS":[189,272],"recorded,":[190],"&lt;10%,":[191],"along":[192,214],"with":[193,268,277],"gradient":[196,217],"zone.":[197],"result":[199],"shows":[200,287],"a":[201,265,274,288,301],"SUHII":[202],"increase":[203,255],"from":[204,239],"3.9":[205],"\u00b0C":[206,211],"1996":[208,240],"6.2":[210],"2017":[213],"zones":[223],"(10":[224],"&lt;":[225],"IS).":[226],"These":[227],"results":[228],"relate":[229],"expansion":[234],"areas":[238],"2017.":[242],"Most":[243],"natural":[246],"changed":[249],"surfaces,":[252],"causing":[253],"an":[254],"City.":[260],"positive":[266],"GS.":[281],"decline.":[290],"Thus,":[291],"can":[297],"be":[298],"considered":[299],"as":[300],"proxy":[302],"indicator":[303],"for":[304,311],"introducing":[305],"landscape":[307],"planning":[310],"World":[313],"Heritage":[314],"Lanka.":[322]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
